CMS专题

单选题When workers are organized in trade unions, employers find it hard to lay them（）A offB sideC outD down

题目
单选题
When workers are organized in trade unions, employers find it hard to lay them（）
A

off

B

side

C

out

D

down

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相似问题和答案

第1题：

“I can't find him everywhere.” means “( )”.

A、Nowhere can I find him

B、It is impossible for me to find him

C、I can still find him somewhere

D、I can't find him anywhere


参考答案：C

第2题：

Social Workers

Social workers help people overcome problems and make their lives better. If people are homeless, sick, or having family problems, social workers will work with them. If students have trouble in school, social workers help them too.

Social workers help these people in different ways. One way is to find resources for people. They find out what kinds of help people need. Then, they set up programs to meet the needs of the individual. They may focus on child abuse, poverty, violence, and other problems. For someone with family difficulties, social workers may find a parenting class or a support group. For a homeless person, they may find a place for them to live and a career training program. For a student, they may find a mentor or a learning disability expert.

Many social workers give counseling. They talk to people about their lives and help them understand and solve their problems and to make plans.

Most social workers spend the day in an office. Some travel to the people they help. Sometimes, they meet with people in the evening or on weekends. Social workers can be very busy when they are helping many people at once.

1.According to the text, what is not social workers' job?

A.To help people with family problems.

B.To make people's lives better.

C.To do the housework for people.

2.For someone with family problems, social workers will

A.find them a place to live

B.find them a career training program

C.find them a parenting class

3.Social workers build _________to provide the help for people in need.

A.problems

B.days

C.resources

4.Which of the following sentence is NOT true?

A.Social workers give some advice to people.

B.Most social workers think of their job as boring.

C.Social workers may help many people at a time.

5.The main point of this passage is about___________ .

A.how busy social workers are

B.how social workers do their job

C.how tired social workers are


参考答案：CCCBB

第3题：

Passage One

In the late 1860's, industry in America grew rapidly. More factories meant more jobs. But working conditions were dangerous. Employees were forced to work as many as 16 hours a day in hot, dirty rooms. Children often worked alongside adults. Wages were usually very low.

Workers tried to improve conditions by forming unions. One of the first important unions was the Knights of Labor, formed in 1869. Blacks and women were welcomed as members. The Knights of Labor wanted an 8-hour workday, higher wages, and better working conditions. The union called for an end to the employment of children under age 14.

Together with other unions, the Knights of Labor tried to make changes through collective bargaining. Union leaders would meet with employers and talk. When collective bargaining failed, the unions resorted to strikes. When some strikes that the unions held turned violent, public opinion turned against them. Many members left the Knights of Labor, and by 1890 the union had died out.

But other unions survived. The AF of L, American Federation of Labor, was formed in 1881. It continued to push for the goals set by the Knights of Labor. However, most federal laws protecting workers and outlawing child labor were not passed until the 1930's.

31. According to the passage, the Knights of Labor wanted all of the following EXCEPT ______.

A. an 8-hour workday

B. higher wages

C. improving working conditions in the factories

D. an increase in the employment of small children


正确答案：D
本题属细节信息考查题。首先应抓住问题中的关键词，Knight of Labour wanted．．．EXCEPT。其中EXCEPT最为关键，忽略了它便会得出完全相反的答案。然后还需了解各选项中的关键信息。从第2段中不难发现A、B、C各项内容含在第3句里面。第4句called for an end to the．．．却与D项信息相反，因此D项属EXCEPT之列。

第4题：

Text 4 If the trade unionist Jimmy Hoffa were alive today,he would probably represent civil servant.When Hoffa’s Teamsters were in their prime in 1960,only one in ten American government workers belonged to a union;now 36%do.In 2009 the number of unionists in America’s public sector passed that of their fellow members in the private sector.In Britain,more than half of public-sector workers but only about 15%of private-sector ones are unionized.There are three reasons for the public-sector unions’thriving.First,they can shut things down without suffering much in the way of consequences.Second,they are mostly bright and well-educated.A quarter of America’s public-sector workers have a university degree.Third,they now dominate left-of-centre politics.Some of their ties go back a long way.Britain’s Labor Party,as its name implies,has long been associated with trade unionism.Its current leader,Ed Miliband,owes his position to votes from public-sector unions.At the state level their influence can be even more fearsome.Mark Baldassare of the Public Policy Institute of California points out that much of the state’s budget is patrolled by unions.The teachers’unions keep an eye on schools,the CCPOA on prisons and a variety of labor groups on health care.In many rich countries average wages in the state sector are higher than in the private one.But the real gains come in benefits and work practices.Politicians have repeatedly“backloaded”public-sector pay deals,keeping the pay increases modest but adding to holidays and especially pensions that are already generous.Reform has been vigorously opposed,perhaps most egregiously in education,where charter schools,academies and merit pay all faced drawn-out battles.Even though there is plenty of evidence that the quality of the teachers is the most important variable,teachers’unions have fought against getting rid of bad ones and promoting good ones.As the cost to everyone else has become clearer,politicians have begun to clamp down.In Wisconsin the unions have rallied thousands of supporters against Scott Walker,the hardline Republican governor.But many within the public sector suffer under the current system,too.John Donahue at Harvard’s Kennedy School points out that the norms of culture in Western civil services suit those who want to stay put but is bad for high achievers.The only American public-sector workers who earn well above$250,000 a year are university sports coaches and the president of the United States.Bankers’fat pay packets have attracted much criticism,but a public-sector system that does not reward high achievers may be a much bigger problem for America.40.John Donahue’s attitude towards the public-sector system is one of

A.disapproval.
B.appreciation.
C.tolerance.
D.indifference.

答案：A
解析：
该题定位于最后一段，第一句话指出John认为西方公共服务中的文化准则适用于想维持原状的人们而对于有比较高成就的人们就不利了，很明显持否定态度，最后再次指出不能造福于高成就人们的公共服务系统对于美国可能是一个更大的麻烦，也再次证实了作者的观点是不支持的。因此A项正确。disapproval“反对”，appreciation“欣赏”，tolerance“宽容”，indifference“冷漠”。

第5题：

Much of the power of the trade unions has been lost． __________, their political influence should be very great．

A.As a result
B.As usual
C.Even so
D.So far

答案：C
解析：
考查短语辨析。句意为“工会已经失去很多权力了；__________，他们的政治影响力竟然还是很大的”。as a result“因此”，as usual“像往常一样”，even so“即使这样”，so far“到目前为止”。根据前后语境．C项最符合句意。故选C。?

第6题：

“ much of the power of the trade unions has been lost. _______________ , their political influence should be very great.“

A. Even so

B. As a result

C. So far

D. As usual


参考答案：A

第7题：

When________ that it was getting late, I put off the light and went to bed.

A、find

B、finding

C、found

D、to find


正确答案：B

第8题：

Which of the following statements about labor unions can be concluded based on the information in the passage?

A. Labor unions reached their peak of power in the 1986's.

B. It. took labor unions many years to improve conditions for workers.

C. The early labor unions failed .because they were not concerned with the well-being of workers.

D. The early labor unions failed because they could not agree on what they wanted to fight for.


正确答案：B
此题是对主题思想的推理判断。其中concluded．．．based on the passage为关键词语。它要求读者避开过于细节性的选择，也不能选择过于笼统的答案，致使选项中包含的内容超越文章的范围。读者应抓住情节用排除法将与文章不相干的A(1986's工会鼎盛)，C(不关心工人福利)，D(未达成一致奋斗目标)选项排除掉。只有B项“工会经过多年(1869-1930)努力奋斗才改善了工人的工作条件”与文章内容一致。

第9题：

The non-compete clause has been causing trouble for over 600 years.In 1414 an English court heard the case of John Dyer,an apprentice whose master had stopped him from plying his trade for six months.The judge was having none of it."The contract is contrary to common law,"he ruled.Individuals should be free to pursue the livelihood of their choice.That principle has been diluted in the intervening centuries-most countries give businesses some leeway to use non-compete clauses,whereby workers promise not to start or join firms that go head-to-head with their ex-employer.But their prevalence in America is striking Defenders of these agreements put forward several arguments.One is that non-competes encourage innovation by stopping rivals waltzing off with trade secrets;there is some evidence that levels of investnent are higher at firms where they are used.Another argument is that firms are less likely to train workers if newly skilled employees are able to up sticks and take what they have learned with them to arival.Again,research backs up this claim.a third argument is that firms and employees should be free to contract as they wish he counter-arguments are stronger.The prevalence of non-compete agreements is clear evidence that they are being used indiscriminately.roughly 15 of american employees without a college degree,and a similar share of those earning less than$40,000 a year,are bound by them.Burger-flippers and care-home workers do not have trade secrets to hawk.unp pigr The gains in investment and training must be set against the wider costs.In one study,in Michi-gan,researchers found that workers'job mobility fell by 8%when non-competes were allowed.When people cannot work for another employer who would value their skills,wage growth suffers,too,because people typically achieve the biggest bumps in their salary when they move firm.Non-competes are also associated with a decline in enterprise.One study found that the rate of entry of new firms into knowledge-intensive industries fell by 18 when non-compete clauses could more easily be enforced The costs spill over to all workers-even those who are not subject to non-competes.Young firms are disproportionately important for job growth,for example;if fewer firms are formed,it will affect everyone in the labour market.And non-competes can have a chilling effect even in places that do not Recognise them The drawbacks of non-compete clauses are all the more worrying because of today's business climate.The incentive to invest and train counts for less when,as now,the American economy suffers from a lack of competition.Non-competes are also more worrying when the balance of power between companies and employees are already skewed.The spread of mandatory-arbitration clauses in employment contracts and the decline of trade unions are both signs of that imbalance
The expression"spill over to"（Line 1,Para.6）is closest in meaning to

A.relate to
B.belong to
C.are owned b
D.are paid by

答案：A
解析：
词汇题。根据题干提示可定位到第六段。可以利用句间关系两步到位。同时也可以用代入法解题。这种成本所有的劳动者,甚至那些不受竞争限制的工人。’even就是重要的提示点!

第10题：

Text 4 If the trade unionist Jimmy Hoffa were alive today,he would probably represent civil servant.When Hoffa’s Teamsters were in their prime in 1960,only one in ten American government workers belonged to a union;now 36%do.In 2009 the number of unionists in America’s public sector passed that of their fellow members in the private sector.In Britain,more than half of public-sector workers but only about 15%of private-sector ones are unionized.There are three reasons for the public-sector unions’thriving.First,they can shut things down without suffering much in the way of consequences.Second,they are mostly bright and well-educated.A quarter of America’s public-sector workers have a university degree.Third,they now dominate left-of-centre politics.Some of their ties go back a long way.Britain’s Labor Party,as its name implies,has long been associated with trade unionism.Its current leader,Ed Miliband,owes his position to votes from public-sector unions.At the state level their influence can be even more fearsome.Mark Baldassare of the Public Policy Institute of California points out that much of the state’s budget is patrolled by unions.The teachers’unions keep an eye on schools,the CCPOA on prisons and a variety of labor groups on health care.In many rich countries average wages in the state sector are higher than in the private one.But the real gains come in benefits and work practices.Politicians have repeatedly“backloaded”public-sector pay deals,keeping the pay increases modest but adding to holidays and especially pensions that are already generous.Reform has been vigorously opposed,perhaps most egregiously in education,where charter schools,academies and merit pay all faced drawn-out battles.Even though there is plenty of evidence that the quality of the teachers is the most important variable,teachers’unions have fought against getting rid of bad ones and promoting good ones.As the cost to everyone else has become clearer,politicians have begun to clamp down.In Wisconsin the unions have rallied thousands of supporters against Scott Walker,the hardline Republican governor.But many within the public sector suffer under the current system,too.John Donahue at Harvard’s Kennedy School points out that the norms of culture in Western civil services suit those who want to stay put but is bad for high achievers.The only American public-sector workers who earn well above$250,000 a year are university sports coaches and the president of the United States.Bankers’fat pay packets have attracted much criticism,but a public-sector system that does not reward high achievers may be a much bigger problem for America.39.The example of the unions in Wisconsin shows that unions

A.often run against the current political system.
B.can change people’s political attitudes.
C.may be a barrier to public-sector reforms.
D.are dominant in the government.

答案：C
解析：
该题根据题干中的专有名词Wisconsin定位于倒数第二段。由题干可知这是一个例证题，所以需要看文章的第五段。第五段首句Reform has been vigorously opposed。从第六段Wisconsin的例子可以看出，工会集合众人反对共和党领导人Scott Walker，正是为了反对改革。所以可以知道工会可能是公共部门改革的一个障碍，C为正确答案。A项“经常与当前政治体系对抗”，文中并未反映出often这个程度。B项中“能够改变人们的政治态度”，文中并未提及。D项中“在政府中占统治地位”文

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