高中教师专业知识
单选题According to the affective-filter hypothesis, _________is NOT an affective factor influencing language learning.A attitudeB motivationC interestD intelligence
题目
单选题
According to the affective-filter hypothesis, _________is NOT an affective factor influencing language learning.
A
attitude
B
motivation
C
interest
D
intelligence
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相似问题和答案
第1题：
Observation is______________ qualitative research with no hypothesis.
A.description-oriented
B.experimental research
C.action research
D.deductive
正确答案：A
第2题：
Which of the following activities actually does not involve writing?
A.Completion according to outlines.
B.Completion with multiple choices.
C.Completion according to topic sentences.
D.Completion according to the brainstorming.
B.Completion with multiple choices.
C.Completion according to topic sentences.
D.Completion according to the brainstorming.
答案：B
解析：
考查写作技能教学。写作是一个从输入到输出的过程，因此要特别注意写前的输入。写作前进行的思路整理、素材组织、结构规划、大纲提炼、头脑风暴，写作中进行的遣词造句，以及写作后涉及的修改润色、检查校对都是写作活动中必不可少的环节。因此A、C、D三项都涉及写作，B项不涉及。
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第3题：
(b) Explain the meaning of the term ‘Efficient Market Hypothesis’ and discuss the implications for a company if
the stock market on which it is listed has been found to be semi-strong form. efficient. (9 marks)
正确答案：
(b) The term ‘Efficient Market Hypothesis’ (EMH) refers to the view that share prices fully and fairly reflect all relevant available
information1. There are other kinds of capital market efficiency, such as operational efficiency (meaning that transaction costs
are low enough not to discourage investors from buying and selling shares), but it is pricing efficiency that is especially
important in financial management.
Research has been carried out to discover whether capital markets are weak form. efficient (share prices reflect all past or
historic information), semi-strong form. efficient (share prices reflect all publicly available information, including past
information), or strong form. efficient (share prices reflect all information, whether publicly available or not). This research has
shown that well-developed capital markets are weak form. efficient, so that it is not possible to generate abnormal profits by
studying and analysing past information, such as historic share price movements. This research has also shown that
well-developed capital markets are semi-strong form. efficient, so that it is not possible to generate abnormal profits by studying
publicly available information such as company financial statements or press releases. Capital markets are not strong form
efficient, since it is possible to use insider information to buy and sell shares for profit.
If a stock market has been found to be semi-strong form. efficient, it means that research has shown that share prices on the
market respond quickly and accurately to new information as it arrives on the market. The share price of a company quickly
responds if new information relating to that company is released. The share prices quoted on a stock exchange are therefore
always fair prices, reflecting all information about a company that is relevant to buying and selling. The share price will factor
in past company performance, expected company performance, the quality of the management team, the way the company
might respond to changes in the economic environment such as a rise in interest rate, and so on.
There are a number of implications for a company of its stock market being semi-strong form. efficient. If it is thinking about
acquiring another company, the market value of the potential target company will be a fair one, since there are no bargains
to be found in an efficient market as a result of shares being undervalued. The managers of the company should focus on
making decisions that increase shareholder wealth, since the market will recognise the good decisions they are making and
the share price will increase accordingly. Manipulating accounting information, such as ‘window dressing’ annual financial
statements, will not be effective, as the share price will reflect the underlying ‘fundamentals’ of the company’s business
operations and will be unresponsive to cosmetic changes. It has also been argued that, if a stock market is efficient, the timing
of new issues of equity will be immaterial, as the price paid for the new equity will always be a fair one.
(b) The term ‘Efficient Market Hypothesis’ (EMH) refers to the view that share prices fully and fairly reflect all relevant available
information1. There are other kinds of capital market efficiency, such as operational efficiency (meaning that transaction costs
are low enough not to discourage investors from buying and selling shares), but it is pricing efficiency that is especially
important in financial management.
Research has been carried out to discover whether capital markets are weak form. efficient (share prices reflect all past or
historic information), semi-strong form. efficient (share prices reflect all publicly available information, including past
information), or strong form. efficient (share prices reflect all information, whether publicly available or not). This research has
shown that well-developed capital markets are weak form. efficient, so that it is not possible to generate abnormal profits by
studying and analysing past information, such as historic share price movements. This research has also shown that
well-developed capital markets are semi-strong form. efficient, so that it is not possible to generate abnormal profits by studying
publicly available information such as company financial statements or press releases. Capital markets are not strong form
efficient, since it is possible to use insider information to buy and sell shares for profit.
If a stock market has been found to be semi-strong form. efficient, it means that research has shown that share prices on the
market respond quickly and accurately to new information as it arrives on the market. The share price of a company quickly
responds if new information relating to that company is released. The share prices quoted on a stock exchange are therefore
always fair prices, reflecting all information about a company that is relevant to buying and selling. The share price will factor
in past company performance, expected company performance, the quality of the management team, the way the company
might respond to changes in the economic environment such as a rise in interest rate, and so on.
There are a number of implications for a company of its stock market being semi-strong form. efficient. If it is thinking about
acquiring another company, the market value of the potential target company will be a fair one, since there are no bargains
to be found in an efficient market as a result of shares being undervalued. The managers of the company should focus on
making decisions that increase shareholder wealth, since the market will recognise the good decisions they are making and
the share price will increase accordingly. Manipulating accounting information, such as ‘window dressing’ annual financial
statements, will not be effective, as the share price will reflect the underlying ‘fundamentals’ of the company’s business
operations and will be unresponsive to cosmetic changes. It has also been argued that, if a stock market is efficient, the timing
of new issues of equity will be immaterial, as the price paid for the new equity will always be a fair one.
第4题：
请解释何谓“消费函数之谜(Consumption Puzzle)”？请问莫迪利安尼(Franco Modigliani)如何用生命周期假说( Life Cycle Hypothesis)来解释短期消费函数和长期消费函数的不同？
答案：
解析：
用生命周期假说或永久收入假说解释消费函数之谜是宏观经济学的重要考点，建议考生平时多进行比较分析，熟练掌握基础知识，并多做相关题目。作答时，应首先回答消费函数之谜的内容，然后用生命周期理论来解释消费函数之谜。
(1)一战后的经验数据表明，凯恩斯的绝对收入假说与现实经济运行情况并不吻合，实际中的消费函数如图1—5
所示。短期消费函数平均消费倾向下降，而长期消费函数平均消费倾向不变，这称为消费函数之谜。 (2)生命周期的消费理论由莫迪利安尼提出，该理论认为，人的理性消费是为了一生的效用最大化，强调人们会在更长时间范围内平稳他们的生活消费开支，以达到他们在整个生命周期内消费的最佳配置。按照该理论，消费不取决于现期收入，而主要取决于一生的收入。生命周期消费函数可用公式表示为
式中，W为实际财富;α为财富的边际消费倾向;Y为工作收入；β为工作收入的边际消费倾向。平均消费倾向为
从短期来看，人们的财富相对稳定，收入的增加不会带来财富的变化，因此随着收入的增加，平均消费倾向有下降的趋势；而从长期来看，人们的财富会随着收入的增加而同比例增加，因此随着收入的增加，W/Y 不变，平均消费倾向保持不变。这样，从长期来看，无数条具有正截距的短期消费曲线就构成了一条具有零截距的长期消费函数。
(1)一战后的经验数据表明，凯恩斯的绝对收入假说与现实经济运行情况并不吻合，实际中的消费函数如图1—5
所示。短期消费函数平均消费倾向下降，而长期消费函数平均消费倾向不变，这称为消费函数之谜。 (2)生命周期的消费理论由莫迪利安尼提出，该理论认为，人的理性消费是为了一生的效用最大化，强调人们会在更长时间范围内平稳他们的生活消费开支，以达到他们在整个生命周期内消费的最佳配置。按照该理论，消费不取决于现期收入，而主要取决于一生的收入。生命周期消费函数可用公式表示为
式中，W为实际财富;α为财富的边际消费倾向;Y为工作收入；β为工作收入的边际消费倾向。平均消费倾向为
从短期来看，人们的财富相对稳定，收入的增加不会带来财富的变化，因此随着收入的增加，平均消费倾向有下降的趋势；而从长期来看，人们的财富会随着收入的增加而同比例增加，因此随着收入的增加，W/Y 不变，平均消费倾向保持不变。这样，从长期来看，无数条具有正截距的短期消费曲线就构成了一条具有零截距的长期消费函数。
第5题：
The results of the study _____ the hypothesis that had been proposed by researchers at the National Medical Institute.
A. confirmed
B. submitted
C. certified
D. depended
B. submitted
C. certified
D. depended
答案：A
解析：
第6题：
The work was done()her instructions.
A. according to
B. according with
C. accordance with
参考答案：A
第7题：
共用题干
第二篇
Night of the Living Ants
When an ant dies,other ants move the dead insect out of the nest.This behavior is interesting to scien-
tists,who wonder how ants know for sure一and so soon一that another ant is dead.
Dong-Hwan Choe,a scientist at the University of California,found that Argentine ants have a chemical
on the outside of their bodies that signals to other ants,"I'm dead一take me away."
But there's a twist to Choe's discovery. These ants behave a little bit like zombies（僵尸）.Choe says
that the living ants一not just the dead ones一have this death chemicals. In other words,while an ant crawls
around,perhaps in a picnic or home,it's telling other ants that it's dead.
What keeps ants from hauling away the living dead? Choe found that Argentine ants have two additional
chemicals on their bodies,and these tell nearby ants something like,"Wait一I'm not dead yet."So Choe's
research turned up two sets of chemical signals in ants:one says,"I'm dead,"the other set says,"I'm not
dead yet."
Other scientists have tried to figure out how ants know when another ant is dead.If an ant is knocked
unconscious,other ants leave it alone until it wakes up.That means ants know that unmoving ants can still be
alive.
Choe suspects that when an Argentine ant dies,the chemical that says"Wait一I'm not dead yet"quickly
goes away. Once that chemical is gone,only the one that says"I'm dead"is left."It's because the dead ant
no longer smells like a living ant that it gets carried to the graveyard（墓地）,not because its body releases
new,unique chemicals after death,"said Choe.When other ants detect the"dead"chemical without the"not
dead yet" chemical,they haul away the body. This was Choe's hypothesis（假设）.
To test his hypothesis,Choe and his team put different chemicals on Argentine ant pupae（蛹）.When
the scientists used the"I'm dead"chemical,other ants quickly hauled the treated pupae away.When the sci-
entists used the"Wait一I'm not dead yet"chemical,other ants left the treated pupae alone.Choe believes
this behavior shows that the" not dead yet" chemical overrides（优先于）the" dead" chemical when picked up
by adult ants.And that when an ant dies,the"not dead yet"chemical fades away.Other nearby ants then de-
tect the remaining"dead"chemical and remove the body from the nest.
第二篇
Night of the Living Ants
When an ant dies,other ants move the dead insect out of the nest.This behavior is interesting to scien-
tists,who wonder how ants know for sure一and so soon一that another ant is dead.
Dong-Hwan Choe,a scientist at the University of California,found that Argentine ants have a chemical
on the outside of their bodies that signals to other ants,"I'm dead一take me away."
But there's a twist to Choe's discovery. These ants behave a little bit like zombies（僵尸）.Choe says
that the living ants一not just the dead ones一have this death chemicals. In other words,while an ant crawls
around,perhaps in a picnic or home,it's telling other ants that it's dead.
What keeps ants from hauling away the living dead? Choe found that Argentine ants have two additional
chemicals on their bodies,and these tell nearby ants something like,"Wait一I'm not dead yet."So Choe's
research turned up two sets of chemical signals in ants:one says,"I'm dead,"the other set says,"I'm not
dead yet."
Other scientists have tried to figure out how ants know when another ant is dead.If an ant is knocked
unconscious,other ants leave it alone until it wakes up.That means ants know that unmoving ants can still be
alive.
Choe suspects that when an Argentine ant dies,the chemical that says"Wait一I'm not dead yet"quickly
goes away. Once that chemical is gone,only the one that says"I'm dead"is left."It's because the dead ant
no longer smells like a living ant that it gets carried to the graveyard（墓地）,not because its body releases
new,unique chemicals after death,"said Choe.When other ants detect the"dead"chemical without the"not
dead yet" chemical,they haul away the body. This was Choe's hypothesis（假设）.
To test his hypothesis,Choe and his team put different chemicals on Argentine ant pupae（蛹）.When
the scientists used the"I'm dead"chemical,other ants quickly hauled the treated pupae away.When the sci-
entists used the"Wait一I'm not dead yet"chemical,other ants left the treated pupae alone.Choe believes
this behavior shows that the" not dead yet" chemical overrides（优先于）the" dead" chemical when picked up
by adult ants.And that when an ant dies,the"not dead yet"chemical fades away.Other nearby ants then de-
tect the remaining"dead"chemical and remove the body from the nest.
According to Paragraph 7,what is the result. of the test on Choe's hypothesis?
A:It shows that his hypothesis is wrong.
B:It proves that his hypothesis is convincing.
C:It suggests that his hypothesis needs revising.
D:Not enough evidence has been found to support his hypothesis.
A:It shows that his hypothesis is wrong.
B:It proves that his hypothesis is convincing.
C:It suggests that his hypothesis needs revising.
D:Not enough evidence has been found to support his hypothesis.
答案：B
解析：
第二段提到：加州大学的科学家周东环发现阿根廷蚂蚁的身体能向外释放一种化学物 质来告诉同伴：“我死了，把我挪走吧。”
根据第五段第二句可推断出C项错误。
倒数第二段提到：一只阿根廷蚂蚁死后，发出“等等，我还没死呢”这一信号的化学物质 立刻消失，因此选D。
周的假设是表明“我死了”的化学物质是蚂蚁本身就有的，而非死后释放的。它和表明 “我没死”的化学物质同时存在于活着的蚂蚁身上，只不过其优先权不如表明“我没死”的化学 物质。实验结果是：当科学家用“我已死”化学物质时，蚂蚁们立刻将处理过的蛹拉走。当科 学家使用“等等，我还没死”化学物质时，其他蚂蚁并不碰这个蛹。所以，周的假设是正确的。
本文主要讲述了蚂蚁们如何迅速准确地得知同伴死了，所以选D。 第三篇 本文介绍了在山口发现的一具躺在冰上的尸体，以及由此引发的研究和种种猜测。
根据第五段第二句可推断出C项错误。
倒数第二段提到：一只阿根廷蚂蚁死后，发出“等等，我还没死呢”这一信号的化学物质 立刻消失，因此选D。
周的假设是表明“我死了”的化学物质是蚂蚁本身就有的，而非死后释放的。它和表明 “我没死”的化学物质同时存在于活着的蚂蚁身上，只不过其优先权不如表明“我没死”的化学 物质。实验结果是：当科学家用“我已死”化学物质时，蚂蚁们立刻将处理过的蛹拉走。当科 学家使用“等等，我还没死”化学物质时，其他蚂蚁并不碰这个蛹。所以，周的假设是正确的。
本文主要讲述了蚂蚁们如何迅速准确地得知同伴死了，所以选D。 第三篇 本文介绍了在山口发现的一具躺在冰上的尸体，以及由此引发的研究和种种猜测。
第8题：
有效市场假说（Efficient markets hypothesis）
参考答案：
根据这一假设，投资者在买卖股票时会迅速有效地利用可能的信息.所有已知的影响一种股票价格的因素都已经反映在股票的价格中，因此根据这一理论，股票的技术分析是无效的。（这个假设有三种形式。）
第9题：
This hypothesis states that environments that are too clean may actually make the __ system develop oversensitive responses.
A. mental
B. nervous
C. immune
D. physical
B. nervous
C. immune
D. physical
答案：C
解析：
第10题：
______ATA-100, each page is identified by a three element number and a page number.
A.According with
B.In accordance with
C.To
D.In according to
B.In accordance with
C.To
D.In according to
答案：B
解析：
本题考察according/accordance的用法，常见用法是according to和in accordance with，两者都有“根据、依据”的意思，区别在于according to比较随意, in accordance with则多用于比较正式的问题,比如法律文件。题目意为“根据ATA-100,每一页由一个三元数和一个页码数来界定。”