外语
问答题The world economy has run into a brick wall. Despite countless warnings in recent years about the need to address a looming hunger crisis in poor countries and a looming energy crisis worldwide, world leaders failed to think ahead. The result is a glob
题目
问答题
The world economy has run into a brick wall. Despite countless warnings in recent years about the need to address a looming hunger crisis in poor countries and a looming energy crisis worldwide, world leaders failed to think ahead. The result is a global food crisis. Wheat, corn and rice prices have more than doubled in the past two years, and oil prices have more than tripled since the start of 2004. These food-price increases combined with soaring energy costs will slow if not stop economic growth in many parts of the world and will even undermine political stability, as evidenced by the protest riots that have erupted in places like Haiti, Bangladesh and Burkina Faso. Practical solutions to these growing woes do exist, but we'll have to start thinking ahead and acting globally.
The crisis has its roots in four interlinked trends. The first is the chronically slow productivity of farmers in the poorest countries, caused by their inability to pay for seeds, fertilizers and irrigation. The second is the misguided policy in the U.S. and Europe of subsidizing diversion of food crops to produce biofuels like corn-based ethanol. The third is climate change: take the recent droughts in Australia and Europe, which cut the global production of grain in 2005 and 2006. The fourth is the growing global demand for food and feed grains brought on by swelling populations and incomes. In short, rising demand has hit a limited supply, with the poor taking the hardest blow.
So, what should be done? Here are three steps to ease the current Crisis and avert the potential for a globa1 disaster. The first is to scale-up the dramatic success of Malawi, a famine-prone country in southern Africa, which three years ago established a special fund to help its farmers get fertilizer and high-yield seeds. Malawi’s harvest doubled after just one year. An international fund based on the Malawi model would cost a mere $10 per person annually in the rich world, or $10 billion in all. Such a fund could fight hunger as effectively as the Global Fund to fight AIDS, TB and Malaria is controlling those diseases.
Second, the U.S. and Europe should abandon their policies to subsidizing the conversion of food into biofules. The U.S. government gives farmers a taxpayer-financed subsidy of 51 cents per gal of ethanol divert corn from the food and feed-grain supply. There maybe a case for biofuels produced on lands that do not produce foods—tree crops (like palm oil) , grasses and wood products—but there’s no case for doling out subsidies to put the world’s dinner into the gas tank. Third, we urgently need to weatherproof the world’s crops as soon and as effectively as possible. For a poor farmer, sometimes something as simple as a farm pond—which collects rainwater to be used for emergency irrigation in a dry spell—can make the difference between a bountiful crop and a famine. The world has already committed to establishing a Climate Adaptation Fund to help poor regions climate-proof vital economic activities such as food production and health care but has not yet acted upon the promise.
The crisis has its roots in four interlinked trends. The first is the chronically slow productivity of farmers in the poorest countries, caused by their inability to pay for seeds, fertilizers and irrigation. The second is the misguided policy in the U.S. and Europe of subsidizing diversion of food crops to produce biofuels like corn-based ethanol. The third is climate change: take the recent droughts in Australia and Europe, which cut the global production of grain in 2005 and 2006. The fourth is the growing global demand for food and feed grains brought on by swelling populations and incomes. In short, rising demand has hit a limited supply, with the poor taking the hardest blow.
So, what should be done? Here are three steps to ease the current Crisis and avert the potential for a globa1 disaster. The first is to scale-up the dramatic success of Malawi, a famine-prone country in southern Africa, which three years ago established a special fund to help its farmers get fertilizer and high-yield seeds. Malawi’s harvest doubled after just one year. An international fund based on the Malawi model would cost a mere $10 per person annually in the rich world, or $10 billion in all. Such a fund could fight hunger as effectively as the Global Fund to fight AIDS, TB and Malaria is controlling those diseases.
Second, the U.S. and Europe should abandon their policies to subsidizing the conversion of food into biofules. The U.S. government gives farmers a taxpayer-financed subsidy of 51 cents per gal of ethanol divert corn from the food and feed-grain supply. There maybe a case for biofuels produced on lands that do not produce foods—tree crops (like palm oil) , grasses and wood products—but there’s no case for doling out subsidies to put the world’s dinner into the gas tank. Third, we urgently need to weatherproof the world’s crops as soon and as effectively as possible. For a poor farmer, sometimes something as simple as a farm pond—which collects rainwater to be used for emergency irrigation in a dry spell—can make the difference between a bountiful crop and a famine. The world has already committed to establishing a Climate Adaptation Fund to help poor regions climate-proof vital economic activities such as food production and health care but has not yet acted upon the promise.
参考答案和解析
正确答案：
1. F 根据题干中Anti-hunger campaigns和successful可定位到文章第三段第三句话中的the dramatic success of Malawi和第三段末句中的fight hunger,可知马拉维消除饥饿的运动很成功,因此本题选F项。
2. G 本题关键词为biofuels和subsidized,从而可定位到文章第二段第三句:The second is the misguided policy in the U.S. and Europe of subsidizing diversion of food crops to produce biofuels like corn-based ethanol,该句指出美国和欧洲对将粮食作物转化成生物燃料的生产过程进行资助的政策,因此正确答案是G项。
3. E 本题关键词为Protest riots,从而定位到首段倒数第二句,该句提到These food-price increases combined with soaring energy costs...will even undermine political stability, as evidenced by the protest riots that have erupted in places like Haiti,Bangladesh and Burkina Faso,可知抗议暴乱的发生地包括海地、孟加拉国和布基纳法索,因此本题的正确答案为E项。
4. C 题干中not so successful为重点词,本题相关信息来自末端最后一句,该句提到The world has already committed to establishing a Climate Adaptation Fund...but has not yet acted upon the promise,可知承诺建立一个气候适应基金组织(Climate Adaptation Fund)的诺言并未被履行,也就是这方面的努力还未成功,因此本题选C。
5. A 题干关键词为Food shortage,从而定位至首段第二句:Despite countless warnings in recent years about the need to address a looming hunger crisis in poor countries...world leaders failed to think ahead,本句中hunger crisis与题干中Food shortage相对应,可知食物短缺在贫穷国家变得更加严重,因此正确答案为A项。
1. F 根据题干中Anti-hunger campaigns和successful可定位到文章第三段第三句话中的the dramatic success of Malawi和第三段末句中的fight hunger,可知马拉维消除饥饿的运动很成功,因此本题选F项。
2. G 本题关键词为biofuels和subsidized,从而可定位到文章第二段第三句:The second is the misguided policy in the U.S. and Europe of subsidizing diversion of food crops to produce biofuels like corn-based ethanol,该句指出美国和欧洲对将粮食作物转化成生物燃料的生产过程进行资助的政策,因此正确答案是G项。
3. E 本题关键词为Protest riots,从而定位到首段倒数第二句,该句提到These food-price increases combined with soaring energy costs...will even undermine political stability, as evidenced by the protest riots that have erupted in places like Haiti,Bangladesh and Burkina Faso,可知抗议暴乱的发生地包括海地、孟加拉国和布基纳法索,因此本题的正确答案为E项。
4. C 题干中not so successful为重点词,本题相关信息来自末端最后一句,该句提到The world has already committed to establishing a Climate Adaptation Fund...but has not yet acted upon the promise,可知承诺建立一个气候适应基金组织(Climate Adaptation Fund)的诺言并未被履行,也就是这方面的努力还未成功,因此本题选C。
5. A 题干关键词为Food shortage,从而定位至首段第二句:Despite countless warnings in recent years about the need to address a looming hunger crisis in poor countries...world leaders failed to think ahead,本句中hunger crisis与题干中Food shortage相对应,可知食物短缺在贫穷国家变得更加严重,因此正确答案为A项。
解析：
暂无解析
如果没有搜索结果，请直接 联系老师 获取答案。
相似问题和答案
第1题：
The French proposal of handling the crisis implies that______.
A．poor countries are more likely to get funds
B．strict monetary policy will be applied to poor countries
C．loans will be readily available to rich countries
D．rich countries will basically control Eurobonds
正确答案：A
解析：推理题。题干的French定位在第五段，该段重复出现French和France，因此没有明确的定位，需要选项回原文一一对应。
解析：推理题。题干的French定位在第五段，该段重复出现French和France，因此没有明确的定位，需要选项回原文一一对应。
第2题：
Robert F.Kennedy once said that a country’s GDP measures“everything except that which makes life worthwhile.”With Britain voting to leave the European Union,and GDP already predicted to slow as a result,it is now a timely moment to assess what he was referring to.The question of GDP and its usefulness has annoyed policymakers for over half a century.Many argue that it is a flawed concept.It measures things that do not matter and miss things that do.By most recent measures,the UK’s GDP has been the envy of the Western World,with record low unemployment and high growth figures.If everything was going so so well,then why did over 17million people vote for Brexit,despite the warnings about what it could do to their country’s economic prospects?A recent annual study of countries and their ability to convert growth into well-being sheds some light on that question.Across the 163 countries measured,the UK is one of the poorest performers in ensuring that economic growth is translated into meaningful improvement for its citizens.Rather than just focusing on GDR over 40 different sets of criteria from health,education and civil society engagement have been measured to get a more rounded assessment of how countries are performing.While all of these countries face their own challenges,there are a number of consistent themes.Yes,there has been a budding economic recovery since the 2008 global crash,but in key indicators in areas such as health and education,major economies have continued to decline.Yet this isn't the case with all countries.Some relatively poor European countries have seen huge improvements across measures including civil society;income equality and the environment.This is a lesson that rich countries can learn:When GDP is no longer regarded as the sole measure of a country’s success,the world looks very different.So what Kennedy was referring to was that while GDP has been the most common method for measuring the economic activity of nations,as a measure,it is no longer enough.It does not include important factors such as environmental equality or education outcomes-all things that contribute to a person's sense of well-being.The sharp hit to growth predicted around the world and in the UK could lead to a decline in the everyday services we depend on for our well-being and for growth.But policymaker who refocus efforts on improving well-being rather than simply worrying about GDP figures could avoid the forecasted doom and may even see progress.
Which of the following is true about the recent annual study?
Which of the following is true about the recent annual study?
A.It excludes GDP as an indicator.
B.It is sponsored by 163 countries.
C.Its criteria are questionable.
D.Its results are enlightening.
B.It is sponsored by 163 countries.
C.Its criteria are questionable.
D.Its results are enlightening.
答案：D
解析：
事实细节题。根据题目定位到第三段第一句A recent annual study of countries and their ability to convert growth into well-being sheds some light on the question，该句表明，最近年度研究调查了各国家和他们将经济增长转换为幸福感的能力，这对这个问题有所启发。说明研究的结果有利于解决经济增长与幸福感的关系。shed some light on与D选项enlightening是同义替换，因此答案为D
第3题：
If thousands of people die of hunger, it’s a natural crisis and there’s nothing we can do about it.()
参考答案：错误
第4题：
The world economy develops rapidly. As a result, longevity and life ______ have increased worldwide.
A.expected
B.expectation
C.expecting
D.expectancy
B.expectation
C.expecting
D.expectancy
答案：D
解析：
本题考查形近词辨析。题目意为“世界经济发展迅速。结果是，全世界的寿命和预期寿命都增加了。”四个选项都是expect的不同形式：A选项过去分词，形容词；B选项“期望，期待”，名词；C选项现在分词；D选项“预期，期待”，名词。 固定搭配life expectancy 预期寿命，平均寿命。
第5题：
The author of this essay seems to suggest that （ ）.
A.the Asian Crisis is the result of ASEAN pandering to terrorist governments
B.there is not a serious economic problem in Southeast Asia at all
C.the devaluation of Malaysia's currency is due to the American plot
D.the economic problems in some Asian countries is partly the result of their overheating economy
B.there is not a serious economic problem in Southeast Asia at all
C.the devaluation of Malaysia's currency is due to the American plot
D.the economic problems in some Asian countries is partly the result of their overheating economy
答案：D
解析：
在一些亚洲国家，其经济问题主要是由于它们让经济变得过热。
第6题：
Passage 2 A great deal of attention is being paid today to the socalled digital divide — the division of the world into the info(information) rich and the info poor. And that divide does exist today. My wife and I lectured about this looming danger twenty years ago. What was less visible then, however, were the new, positive forces that work against the digital divide. There are reasons to be optimistic.
There are technological reasons to hope the digital divide will narrow. As the Internet becomes more and more commercialized, it is in the interest of business to universalize access — after all, the more people online, the more potential customers there are. More and more governments, afraid their countries will be left behind, want to spread Internet access. Within the next decade or two, one to two billion people on the planet will be netted together. As a result, I now believe the digital divide will narrow rather than widen in the years ahead. And that is very good news because the Internet may well be the most powerful tool for combating world poverty that we've ever had.
Of course, the ue of the Internet isn't the only way to defeat poverty. And the Internet is not the only tool we have. But it has enormous potential.To take advantage of this tool, some impoverished countries will have to getover their outdated anticolonial prejudices with respect to foreign investment. Countries that still think foreign investment is an invasion of their sovereignty might well study the history of infrastructure (the basic structural foundations of a society) in the United States. When the United States built its industrials infrastructure, it didn't have the capital to do so. And that is why America's Second Wave infrastructure — including roads, barbors, highways, prots and so on — were built with foreign investment. The English, the Germans, the Dutch and the French were investing in Britain's former colony. They financed them. Immigrant Americans built them. Guess who owns them now? The Americans. I believe the same thing would be true in places like Brazil or anywhere else for that matter. The more foreign capital you have helping you build your Third Wave infrastructure, which today is an electronic infrastructure, the better off you're going to be. That doesn't mean lying down and becoming fooled, or letting foreign corporations run uncontrolled. But it does means recognizing how important they can be in building the energy and telecom infrastructures needed to take full advantage of the Internet.
第55题：Digital divide is something _______ .
A getting worse because of the Internet
B the rich countries are responsible for
C the world must guard against
D considered positive today
正确答案：C
选［C］。本题不是要对digital divide 下定义，而是作出评价。文章第一段中的"Mywife and I lectured about this looming danger twenty years ago"对digital divide做了评价，关键词是looming danger(隐约出现的危险)，表明digital divide是有危险的，因此全世界需要防范。
第7题：
Robert F.Kennedy once said that a country’s GDP measures“everything except that which makes life worthwhile.”With Britain voting to leave the European Union,and GDP already predicted to slow as a result,it is now a timely moment to assess what he was referring to.The question of GDP and its usefulness has annoyed policymakers for over half a century.Many argue that it is a flawed concept.It measures things that do not matter and miss things that do.By most recent measures,the UK’s GDP has been the envy of the Western World,with record low unemployment and high growth figures.If everything was going so so well,then why did over 17million people vote for Brexit,despite the warnings about what it could do to their country’s economic prospects?
A recent annual study of countries and their ability to convert growth into well-being sheds some light on that question.Across the 163 countries measured,the UK is one of the poorest performers in ensuring that economic growth is translated into meaningful improvement for its citizens.Rather than just focusing on GDR over 40 different sets of criteria from health,education and civil society engagement have been measured to get a more rounded assessment of how countries are performing.
While all of these countries face their own challenges,there are a number of consistent themes.Yes,there has been a budding economic recovery since the 2008 global crash,but in key indicators in areas such as health and education,major economies have continued to decline.Yet this isn't the case with all countries.Some relatively poor European countries have seen huge improvements across measures including civil society;income equality and the environment.This is a lesson that rich countries can learn:When GDP is no longer regarded as the sole measure of a country’s success,the world looks very different.
So what Kennedy was referring to was that while GDP has been the most common method for measuring the economic activity of nations,as a measure,it is no longer enough.It does not include important factors such as environmental equality or education outcomes-all things that contribute to a person's sense of well-being.
The sharp hit to growth predicted around the world and in the UK could lead to a decline in the everyday services we depend on for our well-being and for growth.But policymaker who refocus efforts on improving well-being rather than simply worrying about GDP figures could avoid the forecasted doom and may even see progress.
It can be inferred from Paragraph 2 that____
A recent annual study of countries and their ability to convert growth into well-being sheds some light on that question.Across the 163 countries measured,the UK is one of the poorest performers in ensuring that economic growth is translated into meaningful improvement for its citizens.Rather than just focusing on GDR over 40 different sets of criteria from health,education and civil society engagement have been measured to get a more rounded assessment of how countries are performing.
While all of these countries face their own challenges,there are a number of consistent themes.Yes,there has been a budding economic recovery since the 2008 global crash,but in key indicators in areas such as health and education,major economies have continued to decline.Yet this isn't the case with all countries.Some relatively poor European countries have seen huge improvements across measures including civil society;income equality and the environment.This is a lesson that rich countries can learn:When GDP is no longer regarded as the sole measure of a country’s success,the world looks very different.
So what Kennedy was referring to was that while GDP has been the most common method for measuring the economic activity of nations,as a measure,it is no longer enough.It does not include important factors such as environmental equality or education outcomes-all things that contribute to a person's sense of well-being.
The sharp hit to growth predicted around the world and in the UK could lead to a decline in the everyday services we depend on for our well-being and for growth.But policymaker who refocus efforts on improving well-being rather than simply worrying about GDP figures could avoid the forecasted doom and may even see progress.
It can be inferred from Paragraph 2 that____
A.the UK is reluctant to remold its economic pattern.
B.the UK will contribute less to the world economy.
C.GDP as the measure of success is widely defied in the UK.
D.policymakers in the UK are paying less attention to GDP.
B.the UK will contribute less to the world economy.
C.GDP as the measure of success is widely defied in the UK.
D.policymakers in the UK are paying less attention to GDP.
答案：B
解析：
推理题。从第二段当中，第一句话：The question of GDP and its usefulness has annoyed policymakers...其中的annoyed的感情色彩是否定的，说明policymakers对GDP的作用是否定的;第二句当中many argue that it is a flawed concept.其中的it指代GDP，大家认为GDP是一个有缺陷的概念，表明人民大众对GDP的感情色彩也是否定的。最后一句更是明显的指出：如果一切顺利的话，为什么还有17 million的人不顾国家前途而投票脱欧呢?更是表明对GDP作用的否定，因此综上所述，B选项GDP作为测量成功的方式饱受争议，是正确选项。
第8题：
Bankers were __________ of a world banking crisis.
A.fearful
B.fear
C.tied
参考答案：A
第9题：
Recent decades have witnessed increased globalization of the world economy associated with economic and financial______among countries。
A.integration
B.corporation
C.harmony
D.conflict
B.corporation
C.harmony
D.conflict
答案：A
解析：
本题考查名词词义辨析。题目意为“近几十年来，随着各国经济和金融一体化，世界经济的全球化程度不断提高。”A选项“整合，一体化”，B选项“公司，企业”，C选项“和谐，调和”， D选项“冲突，矛盾”。固定搭配economic and financial integration，意为“经济和金融一体化”。
第10题：
共用题干
Genetically Modified Food
Ever since they were first put on the market in the early 1990s,genetically modified(GM，转基因）foods have been increasingly developed and marketed in many countries in the world, mainly on the basis of their promise to end the worldwide food crisis.______(46)Even if it would,is it the best solution?
Despite what it promises,GM technology actually has not increased the production potential （潜力）of any crop.______(47)For instance,a report that analyses nearly two decades of research on major GM food shows that GM engineering has failed to significantly increase US crop production.
______(48)While GM seeds are expensive,GM companies tell farmers that they will make good profits by saving money on pesticides（杀虫剂）.On the contrary, US government data show that GM crops in the US have produced an overall increase in pesticide use compared to traditional crops."The promise was that you could use less chemicals and boost production.But neither is true,"said Bill Christison,President of the US National Family Farm Coalition.
At the same time,the authors of the book World Hunger:Twelve Myths argue that there actually is more than enough food in the world and that the hunger crisis is not caused by production. ______(49)These indeed deserve our efforts and money. Meanwhile,the rise in food prices results from the increased use of crops for fuel rather than food shortage,according to a 2008 World Bank report.
______(50)Another World Bank report concluded that GM crops have little to offer to the challenges of worldwide poverty and hunger,because better ways out are available,among which "green"farming is supposed to be the first choice.
Genetically Modified Food
Ever since they were first put on the market in the early 1990s,genetically modified(GM，转基因）foods have been increasingly developed and marketed in many countries in the world, mainly on the basis of their promise to end the worldwide food crisis.______(46)Even if it would,is it the best solution?
Despite what it promises,GM technology actually has not increased the production potential （潜力）of any crop.______(47)For instance,a report that analyses nearly two decades of research on major GM food shows that GM engineering has failed to significantly increase US crop production.
______(48)While GM seeds are expensive,GM companies tell farmers that they will make good profits by saving money on pesticides（杀虫剂）.On the contrary, US government data show that GM crops in the US have produced an overall increase in pesticide use compared to traditional crops."The promise was that you could use less chemicals and boost production.But neither is true,"said Bill Christison,President of the US National Family Farm Coalition.
At the same time,the authors of the book World Hunger:Twelve Myths argue that there actually is more than enough food in the world and that the hunger crisis is not caused by production. ______(49)These indeed deserve our efforts and money. Meanwhile,the rise in food prices results from the increased use of crops for fuel rather than food shortage,according to a 2008 World Bank report.
______(50)Another World Bank report concluded that GM crops have little to offer to the challenges of worldwide poverty and hunger,because better ways out are available,among which "green"farming is supposed to be the first choice.
_______（49）
A:Problems come from food distribution and politics.
B:But can GM technology solve world hunger problems?
C:In fact,studies show that the most widely grown GM crop has suffered reduced productivity.
D:As a matter of fact,scientists see better ways to feed the world.
E:Something else,however,has been on the rise.
F: GM has many benefits when it was used at the beginning.
A:Problems come from food distribution and politics.
B:But can GM technology solve world hunger problems?
C:In fact,studies show that the most widely grown GM crop has suffered reduced productivity.
D:As a matter of fact,scientists see better ways to feed the world.
E:Something else,however,has been on the rise.
F: GM has many benefits when it was used at the beginning.
答案：A
解析：
文章开篇第1段对转基因科技提出质疑，为下文具体论述做铺垫。因此答案为B。
第2段第一句提到转基因技术并没有增加粮食产量，后面举的例子是美国的粮食产量并没有增加。据此推测，空白处应该是粮食减产的有关语句。因此选C。
根据后文对转基因技术缺点的论述，第3段第一句应该为关于转基因缺点的总括句，分析各个选项后，E最符合题意。
通过对书的作者观点的引述得知，造成饥荒的原因不在生产领域。因此空格处应该解释饥荒的原因。选项A最符合题意，即问题出在食物分配和政策上。
最后一段的最后一句提出了解决饥饿问题的方法，因此选项D符合题意。
第2段第一句提到转基因技术并没有增加粮食产量，后面举的例子是美国的粮食产量并没有增加。据此推测，空白处应该是粮食减产的有关语句。因此选C。
根据后文对转基因技术缺点的论述，第3段第一句应该为关于转基因缺点的总括句，分析各个选项后，E最符合题意。
通过对书的作者观点的引述得知，造成饥荒的原因不在生产领域。因此空格处应该解释饥荒的原因。选项A最符合题意，即问题出在食物分配和政策上。
最后一段的最后一句提出了解决饥饿问题的方法，因此选项D符合题意。