单选题With “another Napster-like standoff over piracy and music rights”, the author is using a metaphorical device that can be termed in any of the following EXCEPT.A allusionB citationC quotationD reference

A(71)is used to communicate with another computer over telephone lines.

A．Keyboard

B．Modem

C．Mouse

D．Printer

A.how

B.what

C.whether

D.that

A、apologize

B、confess

C、shout

D、explain

Text 4Material culture refers to the touchable, material “things”—physical objects that can be seen, held, felt, used—that a culture produces. Examining a culture’s tools and technology can tell us about the group’s history and way of life. Similarly, research into the material culture of music can help us to understand the music-culture. The most vivid body of “things” in it, of course, are musical instruments. We cannot hear for ourselves the actual sound of any musical performance before the 1870s when the phonograph was invented, so we rely on instruments for important information about music-cultures in the remote past and their development. Here we have two kinds of evidence: instruments well preserved and instruments pictured in art. Through the study of instruments, as well as paintings, written documents, and so on, we can explore the movement of music from the Near East to China over a thousand years ago, or we can outline the spread of Near Eastern influence to Europe that resulted in the development of most of the instruments on the symphony orchestra.

Sheet music or printed music, too, is material culture. Scholars once defined folk music-cultures as those in which people learn and sing music by ear rather than from print, but research shows mutual influence among oral and written sources during the past few centuries in Europe, Britain and America. Printed versions limit variety because they tend to standardize any song, yet they stimulate people to create new and different songs. Besides, the ability to read music notation has a far-reaching effect on musicians and, when it becomes widespread, on the music-culture as a whole.

Music is deep-rooted in the cultural background that fosters it. We now pay more and more attention to traditional or ethnic features in folk music and are willing to preserve the folk music as we do with many traditional cultural heritage. Musicians all over the world are busy with recording classic music in their country for the sake of their unique culture. As always, people’s aspiration will always focus on their individuality rather than universal features that are shared by all cultures alike.

One more important part of music’s material culture should be singled out: the influence of the electronic media—radio, record player, tape recorder, and television, with the future promising talking and singing computers and other developments. This is all part of the “information-revolution”, a twentieth century phenomenon as important as the industrial revolution in the nineteenth. These electronic media are not just limited to modern nations; they have affected music-cultures all over the globe.

第36题：Which of the following does not belong to material culture?

［A］ Instruments.

［B］ Music.

［C］ Paintings.

［D］ Sheet music.

完形填空Music is part of every culture on Earth. Many people feel that music makes life worth___1___. We can make music ourselves if we play an instrument or sing. We can hear music on CDs and on radio or television. Music gives us pleasure. It can cheer us up, excite us, or___2__us. Music can be happy, sad, romantic, sleepy-all kinds of things. But what is it? Some people define it___3___an artful arrangement of sounds across time. Our ears___4___these sounds as loud or soft, high or low, rapid and short. The sounds need to continue for a time in some sort of pattern to become music. Music,___5___language, is a uniquely human form. of communication. As with language, there are many different kinds. In North America, people listen to jazz, rock, classical, folk, country, and many other kinds of music. Each kind of music has its own rules and "speaks" to us___6___its own way. What we think of music depends on___7___we live. What Americans are used to listening to might sound___8___to someone from another culture, and vice versa. It might not even sound like music. In Indonesia, gamelan orchestras play music on gongs, drums, and xylophones. These aren't the instruments you'd find in a___9___orchestra in North America. Today, modern communications make it___10___for us to listen to music from all over the world. Music from one part of the world influences music from another part. For example, gamelan music from Indonesia influenced 20th-century American composers such as John Cage.

1)

A、to live

B、live

C、living

D、lived

2)

A、soothe

B、plump

C、plunge

D、send

3)

A、to

B、as

C、with

D、at

4)

A、interfere

B、intervene

C、interface

D、interpret

5)

A、like

B、dislike

C、love

D、unlike

6)

A、at

B、to

C、in

D、on

7)

A、when

B、where

C、what

D、which

8)

A、strange

B、familiar

C、good

D、comfortable

9)

A、physical

B、chemical

C、economical

D、typical

10)

A、unlikely

B、like

C、possible

D、impossible

A、some

B、the other

C、other

D、another

The music that Americans are used to ______ to might sound strange to someone from another culture.

A、listen

B、be listened

C、listening

D、listened

Over the past 20 years, the Internet has helped change our world in way or another for the better.

A. anyB. one C. everyD. either

Over the past 20 years, the Internet helped change our world in _____way or another for the better. A. any B. one C. every D. either

● A （71） is used to communicate with another computer over telephone lines.

（71）

A．keyboard

B．modem

C．mouse

D．printer