全国英语等级考试（四级）
问答题Passage 1 Some people were just born to rebel; Charles Darwin was 1 of them. Likewise Nicholas Copernicus, Benjamin Franklin and Bill Gates. They were 2 “laterborns” —that is, they had at least one older sibling — brother or sister — when they w
题目
参考答案和解析
2. all 前文提到了四个人物,这里应该指“全,都”的肯定意思,故填入all。
3. likely be likely to do sth.为固定搭配,意思为“更有可能做某事”。这里使用了比较结构:be more likely than sb. to do sth.比某人更有可能做某事。因此该空填入likely。
4. break 分析句子结构resist authourity后面使用了and连接空格部分,也就是说空格部分与resist authority并列,因此应该填入意思相近的词语。break new ground为固定搭配,意思为“开辟新天地”,符合该处语境。因此本题填入break。
5. whether Sulloway claims that后面的宾语从句中,其主语为主语从句“…someone is an older or younger sibling”,whether...or...引导主语从句,表示“是……还是……”,符合此处语境,意思为“一个人是家里较年长的孩子还是较小的孩子”。因此此处填入whether。
6. factor 句意:索罗卫声称,一个人是家里较年长的孩子还是较小的孩子,是形成性格的最重要的因素。根据语境可知,这里指的是形成性格最重要的因素,因此填入factor。
7. than 此处为比较级结构,通过significant前面的more可知,此处需填入than。
8. spent spend...(in) doing sth. 表示花时间做某事。此处为发生在过去的事情,因此填入spent。
9. reach/draw reach a conclusion/ draw a conclusion得出结论。
10. affected/shaped/influenced 根据上下文语境可知,此句指出生顺序对性格的影响,因此填入affected、shaped或者influenced等词。
11. How 根据上文中提到的“how birth order...”,可知,这里应该填入how。注意首字母大写。
12. challenge/question 根据上下文语境和常识可知,达尔文的进化论挑战了上帝创造人类的想法,因此此处填入changllege、question等词。
13. that 空格后面为belief的同位语从句,因此空格处需填入that。
14. children/siblings 本文通篇在讨论出生顺序对个人的影响,根据语境,此处应该指达尔文是六个孩子中排行第五。因此此处填入children或者siblings。
15. true 该句表达的是索罗卫的理论用在哥白尼和比尔·盖茨身上都是正确的。hold true for/with...对/在……适用。因此填入true。
相似问题和答案
第1题：
According to the passage，most farmers' debts had to be paid______.
A. when the autumn harvest had just been completed
B. because wheat prices were high
C. as soon as the Winnipeg Grain Exchange demanded payment
D. when crop failure caused depression
[解析] 见第二段第四、五行，事情经常是农民在收获后卖掉小麦，农场债务也随之到期。
第2题：
Judging from this passage, people of the Middle Ages probably ______.
A. treated black cats with respect
B. treated black cats badly
C. were witches if they had black cats
D. thought black cats were beautiful
第3题：
A dream is one kind of experience.It seems as real as something that actually happens; in it the dreamer takes actions and reacts.During dreams the body is asleep but the thinking part of the brain is wide awake.In fact, it is more active than it sometimes is when the body is awake.
One group of researchers decided to see what would happen if they stopped people from dreaming.As soon as the electroencephalograph (脑电图仪) registered a dream pattern, researchers woke the dreamer.They did this all night for several nights, every time the person started to dream.
The experiment revealed that people who were unable to dream became nervous, easily upset, and hungrier.As soon as they were able to sleep without interruptions they lost their nervousness and became normal again; however, they then had more dreams than usual.It was as if they were catching up on their dreams.
To check these findings, the researchers carried on a control experiment.Again they woke people during the night, but during non-dreaming periods.These people did not change their daytime behavior.And when they were allowed to sleep without interruptions (打断), the number of their dreams did not increase.
Experiments like these have caused scientists to ask if dreams serve a purpose.Researchers know, for example, that some people who go for days without sleep will suffer from hallucinations (幻觉).Certain people even begin to show signs of mental illness.Some researchers believe that people become this way because they cannot have their usual numbers of dreams.According to this theory dreaming helps people to lead normal lives.
1).This passage is mainly about ________.
A.people’s need for dreams
B.the damage dreams do to people’s health
C.dreams and realities
D.the relationship between dreams and diseases
2).According to the passage, dreams ________ .
A.are considered to be people’s real experiences
B.help cure people of nervousness and mental illness
C.happen in the thinking part of the brain
D.cannot go on as before after the dreamer is woken
3).People who slept with interrupted dreams showed signs of the following sufferings EXCEPT________ .
A.nervousness
B.anxiety
C.hunger
D.sleepiness
4).When people were woken during non-dreaming periods, they ________.
A.suffered from hallucinations
B.felt upset and nervous
C.had more dreams than usual
D.remained normal in their daytime behavior
5).The sentence “It was as if they were catching up on their dreams” in Para.3 probably means ________.
A.they seemed to do as their dreams dad told them to
B.they seemed to make up for the losses of dreams
C.they seemed to dream less because of the interruptions
D.they seemed to sleep more after the interruptions
第4题：
When were you born?
第5题：
12 PEOPLE KILLED, 50 INJURED IN DENVER MOVIE THEATER SHOOTING LOS ANGELES, July 20 (Xinhua) -- A masked gunman released tear gas and opened fire into a crowded movie theater in a suburb of Denver early Friday, killing 12 people and injuring at least 50 others, police said. Aurora Police Chief Dan Oates told reporters that the shooter, aged 24, had been arrested in the parking lot behind the theater. The FBI said there was so far no indication of any links to terror groups. Some moviegoers said they thought the attack was part of the show when they saw a person appearing at the front of the theater during the movie, pointing a gun at the crowd. Police and firefighters rushed to the mall shortly after the shootings occurred at around 12:30 a.m. local time (0630 GMT). CNN reported at least 20 people were being treated for gunshot wounds in hospital, three of them in serious condition.
1. In the shooting, 50 people were killed and 12 people were injured.()
2. The shooter was arrested.()
3. The FBI said that the shooter was from the terror groups.()
4. The moviegoers didn’t realize the person would shoot at the crowd at first.()
5. Only the police went to the mall to help.()
第6题：
Passage Five
Many superstitious people are afraid of black cats. They believe that black cats have a strange power. If a black cat crosses their path, they think they will have bad luck.
Black cats haven't always had such a bad reputation. Long ago, the Egyptians thought that black cats were holy animals. They even worshipped them. Pasht was an Egyptian goddess who had a woman's body and a cat's head. Because the Egyptians had so much respect for black cats, they often buried the sacred creatures with great ceremony. Mummies of cats have often been found in ancient cemetery ruins. To keep the cats company after they died, mice were sometimes buried beside them.
Feelings about black cats have always been strong. People have thought they were either very good or very bad. The people of Europe, in the Middle Ages, believed black cats were the evil friends of witches and the Devil. Witches were said to have the power to change themselves into black cats. People believed that you could not tell whether a black cat was just a cat, or whether it was a witch disguising herself as she plotted some evil scheme. The brain of a black cat was thought to be a main ingredient in witch's brew.
Unlike their ancestors of the Middle Ages, Englishmen today consider black cats to be good luck charms. Fishermen's wives often keep a black cat around so that their husbands will be protected when they are out at sea.
52. The Egyptian goddess Pasht had a ______.
A. woman's head and a cat's body
B. woman's head and a lion's body
C. cat's head and a man's body
D. woman's body and a cat's head
第7题：
The Extended Family
Mrs Sharp, a large, red-faced woman in her late sixties, has lived in Greenleas, a 'new town' in the countryside outside London, since 1958. Before that she lived in Bethnal Green, an area of inner London. She was moved to Greenleas by the local authorities when her old house was demolished.
She came from a large family with six girls and two boys, and she grew up among brothers, sisters, uncles, aunts, grandparents and cousins. When she married her boyfriend from school at eighteen, they went on living with her parents, and her first child was brought up more by her mother than by herself, because she always worked.
As the family grew, they moved out of their parents' house to a flat. It was in the next street, and their life was still that of the extended family. "All my family used to live around Denby Street," said Mrs Sharp, "and we were always in and out of each other's houses." When she went to the shops, she used to call in on her mother to see if she wanted anything. Every day she would visit one sister or another and see a nephew or niece at the corner shop or in the market.
"You always knew 90% of the people you saw in the street everyday, either they were related to you or you were at school with them," she said.
When her babies were born (she had two sons and a daughter), she said, "All my sisters and neighbours would help – they used to come and make a cup of tea, or help in some other way." And every Saturday night there was a family party. It was at Mrs Sharp's mother's house. "Of course we all know each other very well. You have to learn to get on with each other. I had one neighbour who was always poking her nose into our business. She was forever asking questions and gossiping. But you had to put up with everyone, whatever they were like."
1.Why did Mrs. Sharp have to move to Greenleas? ()
A.Because she had to work there.
B.Because she didn’t like the old place at all.
C.Because her house in the downtown area was knocked down.
2.When she got married, she lived ______.
A.together with her parents all the time
B.together with her parents for some time
C.far away from her parents’ house
3.Why did she know so many people? ()
A.Because she was easy going.
B.Because they were either her relatives or schoolmates.
C.Because she was good at making friends with people.
4.The sentence “I had one neighbour who was always poking her nose into our business.” in the last Para. means ______.
A.I had one neighbour who was always warm-hearted.
B.I had one neighbour who was always ready to help us.
C.I had one neighbour who always showed her interests in our private affairs.
5.What does this passage mainly deal with? ()
A.What the extended family is like.
B.The relationship between Mrs Sharp and her neighbour.
C.How Mrs Sharp brings her children up.
第8题：
Passage Five
Roman soldiers in some places built long rows of signal towers. When they had a message to send, the soldiers shouted it from tower to tower. If there were enough towers and enough soldiers with loud voices, important news could be sent quickly over distance.
In Africa, people learned to send messages by beating on a series of large drums (鼓). Each drum was kept within hearing distance of the next one. The drum beats were sent out in a special way that all the drummers understood. Though the messages were simple, they could be sent at great speed for hundreds of miles.
In the eighteenth century, a French engineer found a new way to send short messages. In this way, a person held a flag in each hand and the arms were moved to various positions representing different letters of the alphabet (字母表). It was like spelling out words with flags and arms.
Over a long period of time, people sent messages by all these different ways. However, not until the telephone was invented in America in the nineteenth century could people send speech sounds over a great distance in just a few seconds.
51. According to this passage, the Roman way of communication depended very much on______.
A. fine weather
B. high tower
C. the spelling system
D. arm movements
51．答案为B 从第一段可知罗马士兵通过在高塔上叫喊传递消息，因此答案为B。
第9题：
At least 80 people were injured,()five policemen
A.included
B.to include
C.including
D.were included
第10题：
What are not the resulting effects on cities when those people moved out?
A. There were more crimes.
B. Cities were in a bad condition.
C. Only one mass transit system was completed.
D. Some small companies move in while larger ones moved out.
32．答案为D。根据全文，选项A、B、C在文中均提到是迁移的后果，而选项D没有提到。