职称英语(卫生)
共用题干 第二篇 Chronic Diseases: The World's Leading KillerChronic diseases are the leading cause of death in the world.Yet health experts say these conditions are often the most preventable.Chronic diseases include heart disease, stroke,cancer,diabetes（糖尿病）and
题目
共用题干
第二篇
Chronic Diseases: The World's Leading Killer
Chronic diseases are the leading cause of death in the world.Yet health experts say
these conditions are often the most preventable.Chronic diseases include heart disease,
stroke,cancer,diabetes（糖尿病）and lung disorders.
The World Health Organization says chronic diseases lead to about seventeen million
early deaths each year.This United Nations agency expects more than three hundred eighty
million people to die of chronic diseases by 2015.It says about eighty percent of the deaths
will happen in developing nations.
The WHO says chronic diseases now cause two-thirds of all deaths in the Asia-Pacific
area,ln ten years it could be almost three-fourths.People are getting sick in their most
economically productive years.In fact,experts say chronic diseases are killing more
middle-aged people in poorer countries than in wealthier ones.
The WHO estimates that chronic diseases will cost China alone more than five hundred
thousand million dollars in the next ten years.That estimate represents the costs of medical
treatment and lost productivity.Russia and lndia are also expected to face huge economic
losses.
Kim Hak-Su is the head of the United Nations Economic and Social Commission for
Asia and the Pacific.Last week in Bangkok he presented a WHO report on the problem.It
says deaths from chronic diseases have increased largely as the result of economic gains in
many countries.
The report details the latest findings from nine countries.They include Brazil,Britain,
Canada,China,India and Nigeria.The others are Pakistan,Russia and Tanzania.
Mister Kim says infectious and parasitic（寄生的）diseases have until recently been the
main killers in Asia and the Pacific.But he says they are no longer the major cause of death in
most countries.
Health officials say as many as eighty percent of deaths from chronic diseases could be
prevented.They say an important tool for governments is to restrict the marketing of alcohol
and tobacco to young people.Also,more programs are needed to urge healthy eating and
more physical activity.
UN officials aim through international action to reduce chronic-disease deaths by two
percent each year through 2015.They say meeting that target could save thirty-six million
lives.That includes twenty-five million in Asia and the Pacific.
第二篇
Chronic Diseases: The World's Leading Killer
Chronic diseases are the leading cause of death in the world.Yet health experts say
these conditions are often the most preventable.Chronic diseases include heart disease,
stroke,cancer,diabetes（糖尿病）and lung disorders.
The World Health Organization says chronic diseases lead to about seventeen million
early deaths each year.This United Nations agency expects more than three hundred eighty
million people to die of chronic diseases by 2015.It says about eighty percent of the deaths
will happen in developing nations.
The WHO says chronic diseases now cause two-thirds of all deaths in the Asia-Pacific
area,ln ten years it could be almost three-fourths.People are getting sick in their most
economically productive years.In fact,experts say chronic diseases are killing more
middle-aged people in poorer countries than in wealthier ones.
The WHO estimates that chronic diseases will cost China alone more than five hundred
thousand million dollars in the next ten years.That estimate represents the costs of medical
treatment and lost productivity.Russia and lndia are also expected to face huge economic
losses.
Kim Hak-Su is the head of the United Nations Economic and Social Commission for
Asia and the Pacific.Last week in Bangkok he presented a WHO report on the problem.It
says deaths from chronic diseases have increased largely as the result of economic gains in
many countries.
The report details the latest findings from nine countries.They include Brazil,Britain,
Canada,China,India and Nigeria.The others are Pakistan,Russia and Tanzania.
Mister Kim says infectious and parasitic（寄生的）diseases have until recently been the
main killers in Asia and the Pacific.But he says they are no longer the major cause of death in
most countries.
Health officials say as many as eighty percent of deaths from chronic diseases could be
prevented.They say an important tool for governments is to restrict the marketing of alcohol
and tobacco to young people.Also,more programs are needed to urge healthy eating and
more physical activity.
UN officials aim through international action to reduce chronic-disease deaths by two
percent each year through 2015.They say meeting that target could save thirty-six million
lives.That includes twenty-five million in Asia and the Pacific.
Due to chronic diseases China will have to face
A:great pressure from other countries.
B:a limited economic market.
C:a shortage of the labor force.
D:huge economic losses.
A:great pressure from other countries.
B:a limited economic market.
C:a shortage of the labor force.
D:huge economic losses.
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相似问题和答案
第1题：
共用题干
Life Expectancy in the Last Hundred Years
A hundred years ago,life expectancy in developed countries was about 47;in the early 21 st century,men in the United States and the United Kingdom can expect to live to about 74,women to about 80, and these______(51)are rising all the time .What has brought______(52) these changes?When we look at the life______(53)of people 100 years ago,we need to look at the greatest______(54)of the time .In the early 20th century,these were the acute and of-ten______(55)infectious diseases such as smallpox.Many children died very young from these diseases and others,and the weak and elderly were always at risk.
In the______(56)world these diseases are far______(57)today,and in some cases have almost disappcarcd.A number of______(58)have led to this:improvements in sanita- tion and hygiene,the discovery and use of antibiotics,which______(59)bacterial diseases much less dangerous,and vaccinations______(60)common diseases.______(61), people's general health has improved with improvements in our general environment:cleaner air,better means of preserving food,better and warmer housing,and better understanding of nutrition.
Genetically,we should all be able to live to about 85 but______(62)people do live longer today,there are still some big killers around that are preventing us from consistently reaching that age .The problems that affect people today are the more chronic illnesses,such as heart disease and strokes,and those______(63)by viruses,such as influenza and AIDS.Of course,cancer is a huge killer as well.In most cases these diseases affect______(64)people,but there are worrying trends in the developed world with problems such as obesity______(65)more heart disease and illnesses such as diabetes at younger ages.
The killers today can be classed as"lifestyle diseases",which means that it may be possiblem to halt their progress.
Life Expectancy in the Last Hundred Years
A hundred years ago,life expectancy in developed countries was about 47;in the early 21 st century,men in the United States and the United Kingdom can expect to live to about 74,women to about 80, and these______(51)are rising all the time .What has brought______(52) these changes?When we look at the life______(53)of people 100 years ago,we need to look at the greatest______(54)of the time .In the early 20th century,these were the acute and of-ten______(55)infectious diseases such as smallpox.Many children died very young from these diseases and others,and the weak and elderly were always at risk.
In the______(56)world these diseases are far______(57)today,and in some cases have almost disappcarcd.A number of______(58)have led to this:improvements in sanita- tion and hygiene,the discovery and use of antibiotics,which______(59)bacterial diseases much less dangerous,and vaccinations______(60)common diseases.______(61), people's general health has improved with improvements in our general environment:cleaner air,better means of preserving food,better and warmer housing,and better understanding of nutrition.
Genetically,we should all be able to live to about 85 but______(62)people do live longer today,there are still some big killers around that are preventing us from consistently reaching that age .The problems that affect people today are the more chronic illnesses,such as heart disease and strokes,and those______(63)by viruses,such as influenza and AIDS.Of course,cancer is a huge killer as well.In most cases these diseases affect______(64)people,but there are worrying trends in the developed world with problems such as obesity______(65)more heart disease and illnesses such as diabetes at younger ages.
The killers today can be classed as"lifestyle diseases",which means that it may be possiblem to halt their progress.
51._________
A: countries
B: lives
C: years
D: ages
A: countries
B: lives
C: years
D: ages
答案：D
解析：
通过上下文可知此处应为“年龄”。
bring ahout意为“带来”,bring in意为“赚取，实现”（一定利润），没有bring to这个短语，如果用with，此句话必须变成what has it hrought with these changes才符合语法，但意思就不符合文章了。
life span是一个固定搭配，意为“寿命”。
从下一句可以看出此处应指那些不治之症。
本句举了天花的例子，下一句指出很多孩子死于这些病，所以此处应为一个表严重的词。high是形容词，不能修饰后面的形容词。acute不是比较级，所以and后面也不应用比较级。
本句后部分说在一些国家这些病已经消失，通过常识得知应该是发达国家。
本句后部分说在一些国家这些病已经消失，整段都在说明情况好转，故选C。
冒号后面列举的内容不能统一用其他几个词概括，只能用factor。
注意这里的which不是非限制定语从句中指代前面一句话的作用，而是指代前面两项内容：卫生的改善和杭生素的发明使用，所以which后的动词不用单三形式。cause 没有这样的语法搭配。
该选项为固定搭配，意为对某种疾病的预防接种。
前面说的是对疾病的防范和控制加强，后面说的是整体环境的改善，两者为并列关系，但是And在书面语中不能这样使用，所以只能选in addition。
整句话的意思是：从基因角度看，人都能活到85岁，但是虽然现在人们寿命确实比以前长了，仍然有一些疾病使得我们不能都活到那个岁数。所以此处应该填一个转折副词。
those指代流感和艾滋病等靠病毒传播的疾病，those后面的动词是过去分词作定语。spread的过去分词与原形相同。
本句最后指出一些病越来越年轻化，所以此处应选择younger的反义词。
obesitv是心脏病和糖尿病年轻化的重要原因，它和心脏病、糖尿病不是并列关系，而是因果关系，所以选择leading to，现在分词作结果状语。
bring ahout意为“带来”,bring in意为“赚取，实现”（一定利润），没有bring to这个短语，如果用with，此句话必须变成what has it hrought with these changes才符合语法，但意思就不符合文章了。
life span是一个固定搭配，意为“寿命”。
从下一句可以看出此处应指那些不治之症。
本句举了天花的例子，下一句指出很多孩子死于这些病，所以此处应为一个表严重的词。high是形容词，不能修饰后面的形容词。acute不是比较级，所以and后面也不应用比较级。
本句后部分说在一些国家这些病已经消失，通过常识得知应该是发达国家。
本句后部分说在一些国家这些病已经消失，整段都在说明情况好转，故选C。
冒号后面列举的内容不能统一用其他几个词概括，只能用factor。
注意这里的which不是非限制定语从句中指代前面一句话的作用，而是指代前面两项内容：卫生的改善和杭生素的发明使用，所以which后的动词不用单三形式。cause 没有这样的语法搭配。
该选项为固定搭配，意为对某种疾病的预防接种。
前面说的是对疾病的防范和控制加强，后面说的是整体环境的改善，两者为并列关系，但是And在书面语中不能这样使用，所以只能选in addition。
整句话的意思是：从基因角度看，人都能活到85岁，但是虽然现在人们寿命确实比以前长了，仍然有一些疾病使得我们不能都活到那个岁数。所以此处应该填一个转折副词。
those指代流感和艾滋病等靠病毒传播的疾病，those后面的动词是过去分词作定语。spread的过去分词与原形相同。
本句最后指出一些病越来越年轻化，所以此处应选择younger的反义词。
obesitv是心脏病和糖尿病年轻化的重要原因，它和心脏病、糖尿病不是并列关系，而是因果关系，所以选择leading to，现在分词作结果状语。
第2题：
共用题干
第二篇
Chronic Diseases: The World's Leading Killer
Chronic diseases are the leading cause of death in the world.Yet health experts say
these conditions are often the most preventable.Chronic diseases include heart disease,
stroke,cancer,diabetes（糖尿病）and lung disorders.
The World Health Organization says chronic diseases lead to about seventeen million
early deaths each year.This United Nations agency expects more than three hundred eighty
million people to die of chronic diseases by 2015.It says about eighty percent of the deaths
will happen in developing nations.
The WHO says chronic diseases now cause two-thirds of all deaths in the Asia-Pacific
area,ln ten years it could be almost three-fourths.People are getting sick in their most
economically productive years.In fact,experts say chronic diseases are killing more
middle-aged people in poorer countries than in wealthier ones.
The WHO estimates that chronic diseases will cost China alone more than five hundred
thousand million dollars in the next ten years.That estimate represents the costs of medical
treatment and lost productivity.Russia and lndia are also expected to face huge economic
losses.
Kim Hak-Su is the head of the United Nations Economic and Social Commission for
Asia and the Pacific.Last week in Bangkok he presented a WHO report on the problem.It
says deaths from chronic diseases have increased largely as the result of economic gains in
many countries.
The report details the latest findings from nine countries.They include Brazil,Britain,
Canada,China,India and Nigeria.The others are Pakistan,Russia and Tanzania.
Mister Kim says infectious and parasitic（寄生的）diseases have until recently been the
main killers in Asia and the Pacific.But he says they are no longer the major cause of death in
most countries.
Health officials say as many as eighty percent of deaths from chronic diseases could be
prevented.They say an important tool for governments is to restrict the marketing of alcohol
and tobacco to young people.Also,more programs are needed to urge healthy eating and
more physical activity.
UN officials aim through international action to reduce chronic-disease deaths by two
percent each year through 2015.They say meeting that target could save thirty-six million
lives.That includes twenty-five million in Asia and the Pacific.
第二篇
Chronic Diseases: The World's Leading Killer
Chronic diseases are the leading cause of death in the world.Yet health experts say
these conditions are often the most preventable.Chronic diseases include heart disease,
stroke,cancer,diabetes（糖尿病）and lung disorders.
The World Health Organization says chronic diseases lead to about seventeen million
early deaths each year.This United Nations agency expects more than three hundred eighty
million people to die of chronic diseases by 2015.It says about eighty percent of the deaths
will happen in developing nations.
The WHO says chronic diseases now cause two-thirds of all deaths in the Asia-Pacific
area,ln ten years it could be almost three-fourths.People are getting sick in their most
economically productive years.In fact,experts say chronic diseases are killing more
middle-aged people in poorer countries than in wealthier ones.
The WHO estimates that chronic diseases will cost China alone more than five hundred
thousand million dollars in the next ten years.That estimate represents the costs of medical
treatment and lost productivity.Russia and lndia are also expected to face huge economic
losses.
Kim Hak-Su is the head of the United Nations Economic and Social Commission for
Asia and the Pacific.Last week in Bangkok he presented a WHO report on the problem.It
says deaths from chronic diseases have increased largely as the result of economic gains in
many countries.
The report details the latest findings from nine countries.They include Brazil,Britain,
Canada,China,India and Nigeria.The others are Pakistan,Russia and Tanzania.
Mister Kim says infectious and parasitic（寄生的）diseases have until recently been the
main killers in Asia and the Pacific.But he says they are no longer the major cause of death in
most countries.
Health officials say as many as eighty percent of deaths from chronic diseases could be
prevented.They say an important tool for governments is to restrict the marketing of alcohol
and tobacco to young people.Also,more programs are needed to urge healthy eating and
more physical activity.
UN officials aim through international action to reduce chronic-disease deaths by two
percent each year through 2015.They say meeting that target could save thirty-six million
lives.That includes twenty-five million in Asia and the Pacific.
Which can NOT be learned from the passage?
A: Many chronic-disease deaths are preventable.
B:Chronic diseases are the major cause of death in most countries.
C:Chronic diseases are killing more middle-aged people than elderly people.
D: Economic gains in many countries have contributed to chronic-disease deaths.
A: Many chronic-disease deaths are preventable.
B:Chronic diseases are the major cause of death in most countries.
C:Chronic diseases are killing more middle-aged people than elderly people.
D: Economic gains in many countries have contributed to chronic-disease deaths.
答案：C
解析：
第3题：
共用题干
第二篇
Chronic Diseases: The World's Leading Killer
Chronic diseases are the leading cause of death in the world.Yet health experts say
these conditions are often the most preventable.Chronic diseases include heart disease,
stroke,cancer,diabetes（糖尿病）and lung disorders.
The World Health Organization says chronic diseases lead to about seventeen million
early deaths each year.This United Nations agency expects more than three hundred eighty
million people to die of chronic diseases by 2015.It says about eighty percent of the deaths
will happen in developing nations.
The WHO says chronic diseases now cause two-thirds of all deaths in the Asia-Pacific
area,ln ten years it could be almost three-fourths.People are getting sick in their most
economically productive years.In fact,experts say chronic diseases are killing more
middle-aged people in poorer countries than in wealthier ones.
The WHO estimates that chronic diseases will cost China alone more than five hundred
thousand million dollars in the next ten years.That estimate represents the costs of medical
treatment and lost productivity.Russia and lndia are also expected to face huge economic
losses.
Kim Hak-Su is the head of the United Nations Economic and Social Commission for
Asia and the Pacific.Last week in Bangkok he presented a WHO report on the problem.It
says deaths from chronic diseases have increased largely as the result of economic gains in
many countries.
The report details the latest findings from nine countries.They include Brazil,Britain,
Canada,China,India and Nigeria.The others are Pakistan,Russia and Tanzania.
Mister Kim says infectious and parasitic（寄生的）diseases have until recently been the
main killers in Asia and the Pacific.But he says they are no longer the major cause of death in
most countries.
Health officials say as many as eighty percent of deaths from chronic diseases could be
prevented.They say an important tool for governments is to restrict the marketing of alcohol
and tobacco to young people.Also,more programs are needed to urge healthy eating and
more physical activity.
UN officials aim through international action to reduce chronic-disease deaths by two
percent each year through 2015.They say meeting that target could save thirty-six million
lives.That includes twenty-five million in Asia and the Pacific.
第二篇
Chronic Diseases: The World's Leading Killer
Chronic diseases are the leading cause of death in the world.Yet health experts say
these conditions are often the most preventable.Chronic diseases include heart disease,
stroke,cancer,diabetes（糖尿病）and lung disorders.
The World Health Organization says chronic diseases lead to about seventeen million
early deaths each year.This United Nations agency expects more than three hundred eighty
million people to die of chronic diseases by 2015.It says about eighty percent of the deaths
will happen in developing nations.
The WHO says chronic diseases now cause two-thirds of all deaths in the Asia-Pacific
area,ln ten years it could be almost three-fourths.People are getting sick in their most
economically productive years.In fact,experts say chronic diseases are killing more
middle-aged people in poorer countries than in wealthier ones.
The WHO estimates that chronic diseases will cost China alone more than five hundred
thousand million dollars in the next ten years.That estimate represents the costs of medical
treatment and lost productivity.Russia and lndia are also expected to face huge economic
losses.
Kim Hak-Su is the head of the United Nations Economic and Social Commission for
Asia and the Pacific.Last week in Bangkok he presented a WHO report on the problem.It
says deaths from chronic diseases have increased largely as the result of economic gains in
many countries.
The report details the latest findings from nine countries.They include Brazil,Britain,
Canada,China,India and Nigeria.The others are Pakistan,Russia and Tanzania.
Mister Kim says infectious and parasitic（寄生的）diseases have until recently been the
main killers in Asia and the Pacific.But he says they are no longer the major cause of death in
most countries.
Health officials say as many as eighty percent of deaths from chronic diseases could be
prevented.They say an important tool for governments is to restrict the marketing of alcohol
and tobacco to young people.Also,more programs are needed to urge healthy eating and
more physical activity.
UN officials aim through international action to reduce chronic-disease deaths by two
percent each year through 2015.They say meeting that target could save thirty-six million
lives.That includes twenty-five million in Asia and the Pacific.
Which is NOT mentioned as a way to prevent chronic-disease deaths?
A:Timely medical treatment.
B: Healthy eating.
C: More physical activity.
D:Reduction in drinking and smoking.
A:Timely medical treatment.
B: Healthy eating.
C: More physical activity.
D:Reduction in drinking and smoking.
答案：A
解析：
第4题：
共用题干
Facts about Stroke
1 Every 45 seconds,someone in America has a stroke.Every 3. 1 minutes,someone
dies of one.Stroke killed an estimated 167,661 people in 2000 and is the nation's third
leading cause of death,ranking behind diseases of the heart and all forms of cancer.
Stroke is a leading cause of serious,long-term disability in the United States.
2 Stroke is a type of cardiovascular（心血管的）disease. It affects the arteries（动脉）
leading to and within the brain.A stroke occurs when a blood vessel that carries oxygen
and nutrients（营养物）to the brain is either blocked by a clot（凝块）or bursts. When
that happens,part of the brain cannot get the blood(and oxygen)it needs,so it starts
to die.
3 The brain is an extremely complex organ that controls various body functions.If a stroke
occurs and blood flow can't reach the region that controls a particular body function,that
part of the body won't work as it should,If the stroke occurs toward the back of the brain,
for instance,It's likely to result in some disablity involving vision.The effects of a stroke
depend primarily on the location of the obstruction（阻塞）and the extent of brain tissue
affected.
4 The American Stroke Association has identified several factors that increase the risk of
stroke.The more risk factors a person has,the greater the chance that he or she will have
a stroke.Some of these you can't control,such as increasing age,family health history,
race,and prior stroke.But you can change or treat other risk factors to lower your risk.
Factors resulting from lifestyle or environment can be modified with a healthcare provider's
help.Some of these include:high blood pressure,current smoking,heart disease,and
high red blood cell count.
5 A stroke can happen to anyone at any moment.In fact about 600,000 people have
strokes every year. For many years,there was no hope for those suffering a stroke.
However,recent breakthroughs have led to new treatments.For the treatments to work,
the person must get to a hospital immediately.
Facts about Stroke
1 Every 45 seconds,someone in America has a stroke.Every 3. 1 minutes,someone
dies of one.Stroke killed an estimated 167,661 people in 2000 and is the nation's third
leading cause of death,ranking behind diseases of the heart and all forms of cancer.
Stroke is a leading cause of serious,long-term disability in the United States.
2 Stroke is a type of cardiovascular（心血管的）disease. It affects the arteries（动脉）
leading to and within the brain.A stroke occurs when a blood vessel that carries oxygen
and nutrients（营养物）to the brain is either blocked by a clot（凝块）or bursts. When
that happens,part of the brain cannot get the blood(and oxygen)it needs,so it starts
to die.
3 The brain is an extremely complex organ that controls various body functions.If a stroke
occurs and blood flow can't reach the region that controls a particular body function,that
part of the body won't work as it should,If the stroke occurs toward the back of the brain,
for instance,It's likely to result in some disablity involving vision.The effects of a stroke
depend primarily on the location of the obstruction（阻塞）and the extent of brain tissue
affected.
4 The American Stroke Association has identified several factors that increase the risk of
stroke.The more risk factors a person has,the greater the chance that he or she will have
a stroke.Some of these you can't control,such as increasing age,family health history,
race,and prior stroke.But you can change or treat other risk factors to lower your risk.
Factors resulting from lifestyle or environment can be modified with a healthcare provider's
help.Some of these include:high blood pressure,current smoking,heart disease,and
high red blood cell count.
5 A stroke can happen to anyone at any moment.In fact about 600,000 people have
strokes every year. For many years,there was no hope for those suffering a stroke.
However,recent breakthroughs have led to new treatments.For the treatments to work,
the person must get to a hospital immediately.
When a stroke occurs,the arteries leading to and within the brain______.
A:suffer from a stroke
B:will be affected
C:change their lifestyles
D:will take place
E:occurs at the back of his/her brain
F:controls various body functions
A:suffer from a stroke
B:will be affected
C:change their lifestyles
D:will take place
E:occurs at the back of his/her brain
F:controls various body functions
答案：B
解析：
第5题：
共用题干
第二篇
New U. S. Plan for Disease Prevention
Urging Americans to take responsibility for their health,Health and Human Services
Secretary Tommy Thompson on Tuesday launched a $15 million program to try to
encourage communities to do more to prevent chronic diseases like heart disease,cancer
and diabetes（糖尿病）.
The initiative highlights the costs of chronic diseases一the leading causes of death in
the United States一and outlines ways that people can prevent them,including better diet
and increased exercise.
"In the United States today,7 of 10 deaths and the vast majority of serious illness,
disability and health care costs are caused by chronic diseases,"the Health and Human
Services department said in a statement.
The causes are often behavioral一smoking,poor eating habits and a lack of exercise.
"I am convinced that preventing disease by promoting better health is a smart policy
choice for our future,"Thompson told a conference held to launch the initiative.
"Our current health care system is not structured to deal with the rising costs of treating
diseases that are largely preventable through changes in our lifestyle choices."
Thompson said heart disease and strokes will cost the country more than $351 billion in
2003.
"These leading causes of death for men and women are largely preventable,yet we as
a nation are not taking the steps necessary for us to lead healthier,longer lives,"he said.
The $15 million is designed to go to communities to promote prevention,pushing for
changes as simple as building sidewalks to encourage people to walk more.
Daily exercise such as walking can prevent and even reverse heart disease and
diabetes,and prevent cancer and strokes.
The money will also go to community organizations,clinics and nutritionists who are
being encouraged to work together to educate people at risk of diabetes about what they can
do to prevent it and encourage more cancer screening.
The American Cancer Society estimates that half of all cancers can be caught by
screening, including Pap tests（巴 氏实验）for cervical（子宫颈的）cancer,
mammograms（乳房X线照片）for breast cancer, colonoscopies（结肠镜检查）,and
prostate（前列腺的）checks.
If such cancers were all caught by early screening,the group estimates that the survival
rate for cancer would rise to 95 percent.
第二篇
New U. S. Plan for Disease Prevention
Urging Americans to take responsibility for their health,Health and Human Services
Secretary Tommy Thompson on Tuesday launched a $15 million program to try to
encourage communities to do more to prevent chronic diseases like heart disease,cancer
and diabetes（糖尿病）.
The initiative highlights the costs of chronic diseases一the leading causes of death in
the United States一and outlines ways that people can prevent them,including better diet
and increased exercise.
"In the United States today,7 of 10 deaths and the vast majority of serious illness,
disability and health care costs are caused by chronic diseases,"the Health and Human
Services department said in a statement.
The causes are often behavioral一smoking,poor eating habits and a lack of exercise.
"I am convinced that preventing disease by promoting better health is a smart policy
choice for our future,"Thompson told a conference held to launch the initiative.
"Our current health care system is not structured to deal with the rising costs of treating
diseases that are largely preventable through changes in our lifestyle choices."
Thompson said heart disease and strokes will cost the country more than $351 billion in
2003.
"These leading causes of death for men and women are largely preventable,yet we as
a nation are not taking the steps necessary for us to lead healthier,longer lives,"he said.
The $15 million is designed to go to communities to promote prevention,pushing for
changes as simple as building sidewalks to encourage people to walk more.
Daily exercise such as walking can prevent and even reverse heart disease and
diabetes,and prevent cancer and strokes.
The money will also go to community organizations,clinics and nutritionists who are
being encouraged to work together to educate people at risk of diabetes about what they can
do to prevent it and encourage more cancer screening.
The American Cancer Society estimates that half of all cancers can be caught by
screening, including Pap tests（巴 氏实验）for cervical（子宫颈的）cancer,
mammograms（乳房X线照片）for breast cancer, colonoscopies（结肠镜检查）,and
prostate（前列腺的）checks.
If such cancers were all caught by early screening,the group estimates that the survival
rate for cancer would rise to 95 percent.
Early cancer screening can help reduce significantly
A:the death rates for all chronic diseases.
B: the kinds of cancer attacking people.
C:the incidence rate for cancer.
D:the death rate for cancer.
A:the death rates for all chronic diseases.
B: the kinds of cancer attacking people.
C:the incidence rate for cancer.
D:the death rate for cancer.
答案：D
解析：
第6题：
共用题干
Life Expectancy in the Last Hundred Years
A hundred years ago,life expectancy in developed countries was about 47:in the early 21st century,men in the United States and the United Kingdom can expect to live to about 74. Women to about 80, and these___1___ are rising all the time. What has brought___2___ these changes?When we look at the life___3___of people 100 years ago,we need to look at the greatest___4___of the time. In the early 20th century,these were the acute and often ___5___ infectious diseases such as smallpox. Many children died very young from these diseases and others,and the weak and elderly were always at risk. In the ___6 ___world these diseases are far___ 7 ___today,and in some cases have almost disappeared. A number of ___8 ___have led to this:improvements in sanitation and hygiene,the discovery and use of antibiotics,which ___9___ bacterial diseases much less dangerous,and vaccinations___10___ common diseases. ___11___ ,people's general health has improved with improvements in our general environ-ment:cleaner air,better means of preserving food,better and warmer housing,and better understanding of nutrition. Genetically,we should all be able to live to about 85 but ___12___ people do live longer today,there are still some big killers around that are preventing US from consistently reaching that age. The problems that affect people today are the more chro-nic illnesses,such as heart disease and strokes,and those ___13___ by viruses,such as influen- za and AIDS. Of course,cancer is a huge killer as well. In most cases these diseases affect ___14___ people,but there are worrying trends in the developed world with problems such as obesity ___15___ more heart disease and illnesses such as diabetes at younger ages.
The killers today can be classed as“lifestyle diseases”,which means that it may be possi- ble to halt their progress.
Life Expectancy in the Last Hundred Years
A hundred years ago,life expectancy in developed countries was about 47:in the early 21st century,men in the United States and the United Kingdom can expect to live to about 74. Women to about 80, and these___1___ are rising all the time. What has brought___2___ these changes?When we look at the life___3___of people 100 years ago,we need to look at the greatest___4___of the time. In the early 20th century,these were the acute and often ___5___ infectious diseases such as smallpox. Many children died very young from these diseases and others,and the weak and elderly were always at risk. In the ___6 ___world these diseases are far___ 7 ___today,and in some cases have almost disappeared. A number of ___8 ___have led to this:improvements in sanitation and hygiene,the discovery and use of antibiotics,which ___9___ bacterial diseases much less dangerous,and vaccinations___10___ common diseases. ___11___ ,people's general health has improved with improvements in our general environ-ment:cleaner air,better means of preserving food,better and warmer housing,and better understanding of nutrition. Genetically,we should all be able to live to about 85 but ___12___ people do live longer today,there are still some big killers around that are preventing US from consistently reaching that age. The problems that affect people today are the more chro-nic illnesses,such as heart disease and strokes,and those ___13___ by viruses,such as influen- za and AIDS. Of course,cancer is a huge killer as well. In most cases these diseases affect ___14___ people,but there are worrying trends in the developed world with problems such as obesity ___15___ more heart disease and illnesses such as diabetes at younger ages.
The killers today can be classed as“lifestyle diseases”,which means that it may be possi- ble to halt their progress.
13._________
A: spread
B: affected
C: produced
D: created
A: spread
B: affected
C: produced
D: created
答案：A
解析：
通过上下文可知此处应为A项ages“年龄”。
bring about意思是“带来”,bring in意为“赚取，实现（一定利润）”，没有 bring to这个短语，如果用with，此句话必须变成what has it brought with these changes才符合语法，但意思就不符合文章了。所以答案为B。
life span是一个固定搭配，意为“寿命”。所以答案为D。
从下一句可以看出此处应指那些不治之症。所以答案为B。
本句举了天花的例子，下一句指出很多孩子死于这些病，所以此处应为一个表严重的词。high是形容词，不能修饰后面的形容词。acute不是比较级，所以and后面也不能用比较级。所以答案为D。
本句后部分说在一些国家这些病已经消失，通过常识得知应该是发达国家。所以答案为A。
本句后部分说在一些国家这些病已经消失，整段都在说明情况好转，故选C。
冒号后面列举的内容不能统一用其他几个词概括，只能用B项factors。
which指代前面两项内容：卫生的改善和杭生素的发明使用，所以which后的动词不能用单数形式。cause没有这样的语法搭配。所以答案为C。
vaccinations against…为固定搭配，意为对某种疾病的预防接种。所以答案为A。
前面说的是对疾病的防范和控制加强，后面说的是整体环境的改善，两者为并列关系，但是And在书面语中不能这样使用，所以只能选in addition，所以答案为C。
整句话意为：从基因角度看，人都能活到85岁，但是虽然现在人们寿命确实比以前长了，仍然有一些疾病使得我们不能都活到那个岁数。所以此处应该填一个转折副词。所以答案为D。
those指代流感和艾滋病等靠病毒传播的疾病，those后面的动词是过去分词作定语。spread的过去分词与原形相同。所以答案为A。
本句最后指出一些病越来越年轻化，所以此处应选择younger的反义词。所以答案为C。
obesity是心脏病和糖尿病年轻化的重要原因，它和心脏病、糖尿病不是并列关系，而是因果关系，所以选择B项leading to，现在分词作结果状语。
bring about意思是“带来”,bring in意为“赚取，实现（一定利润）”，没有 bring to这个短语，如果用with，此句话必须变成what has it brought with these changes才符合语法，但意思就不符合文章了。所以答案为B。
life span是一个固定搭配，意为“寿命”。所以答案为D。
从下一句可以看出此处应指那些不治之症。所以答案为B。
本句举了天花的例子，下一句指出很多孩子死于这些病，所以此处应为一个表严重的词。high是形容词，不能修饰后面的形容词。acute不是比较级，所以and后面也不能用比较级。所以答案为D。
本句后部分说在一些国家这些病已经消失，通过常识得知应该是发达国家。所以答案为A。
本句后部分说在一些国家这些病已经消失，整段都在说明情况好转，故选C。
冒号后面列举的内容不能统一用其他几个词概括，只能用B项factors。
which指代前面两项内容：卫生的改善和杭生素的发明使用，所以which后的动词不能用单数形式。cause没有这样的语法搭配。所以答案为C。
vaccinations against…为固定搭配，意为对某种疾病的预防接种。所以答案为A。
前面说的是对疾病的防范和控制加强，后面说的是整体环境的改善，两者为并列关系，但是And在书面语中不能这样使用，所以只能选in addition，所以答案为C。
整句话意为：从基因角度看，人都能活到85岁，但是虽然现在人们寿命确实比以前长了，仍然有一些疾病使得我们不能都活到那个岁数。所以此处应该填一个转折副词。所以答案为D。
those指代流感和艾滋病等靠病毒传播的疾病，those后面的动词是过去分词作定语。spread的过去分词与原形相同。所以答案为A。
本句最后指出一些病越来越年轻化，所以此处应选择younger的反义词。所以答案为C。
obesity是心脏病和糖尿病年轻化的重要原因，它和心脏病、糖尿病不是并列关系，而是因果关系，所以选择B项leading to，现在分词作结果状语。
第7题：
共用题干
Life Expectancy in the Last Hundred Years
A hundred years ago,life expectancy in developed countries was about 47;in the early 21 st century,men in the United States and the United Kingdom can expect to live to about 74,women to about 80, and these______(51)are rising all the time .What has brought______(52) these changes?When we look at the life______(53)of people 100 years ago,we need to look at the greatest______(54)of the time .In the early 20th century,these were the acute and of-ten______(55)infectious diseases such as smallpox.Many children died very young from these diseases and others,and the weak and elderly were always at risk.
In the______(56)world these diseases are far______(57)today,and in some cases have almost disappcarcd.A number of______(58)have led to this:improvements in sanita- tion and hygiene,the discovery and use of antibiotics,which______(59)bacterial diseases much less dangerous,and vaccinations______(60)common diseases.______(61), people's general health has improved with improvements in our general environment:cleaner air,better means of preserving food,better and warmer housing,and better understanding of nutrition.
Genetically,we should all be able to live to about 85 but______(62)people do live longer today,there are still some big killers around that are preventing us from consistently reaching that age .The problems that affect people today are the more chronic illnesses,such as heart disease and strokes,and those______(63)by viruses,such as influenza and AIDS.Of course,cancer is a huge killer as well.In most cases these diseases affect______(64)people,but there are worrying trends in the developed world with problems such as obesity______(65)more heart disease and illnesses such as diabetes at younger ages.
The killers today can be classed as"lifestyle diseases",which means that it may be possiblem to halt their progress.
Life Expectancy in the Last Hundred Years
A hundred years ago,life expectancy in developed countries was about 47;in the early 21 st century,men in the United States and the United Kingdom can expect to live to about 74,women to about 80, and these______(51)are rising all the time .What has brought______(52) these changes?When we look at the life______(53)of people 100 years ago,we need to look at the greatest______(54)of the time .In the early 20th century,these were the acute and of-ten______(55)infectious diseases such as smallpox.Many children died very young from these diseases and others,and the weak and elderly were always at risk.
In the______(56)world these diseases are far______(57)today,and in some cases have almost disappcarcd.A number of______(58)have led to this:improvements in sanita- tion and hygiene,the discovery and use of antibiotics,which______(59)bacterial diseases much less dangerous,and vaccinations______(60)common diseases.______(61), people's general health has improved with improvements in our general environment:cleaner air,better means of preserving food,better and warmer housing,and better understanding of nutrition.
Genetically,we should all be able to live to about 85 but______(62)people do live longer today,there are still some big killers around that are preventing us from consistently reaching that age .The problems that affect people today are the more chronic illnesses,such as heart disease and strokes,and those______(63)by viruses,such as influenza and AIDS.Of course,cancer is a huge killer as well.In most cases these diseases affect______(64)people,but there are worrying trends in the developed world with problems such as obesity______(65)more heart disease and illnesses such as diabetes at younger ages.
The killers today can be classed as"lifestyle diseases",which means that it may be possiblem to halt their progress.
65._________
A: and
B: leading to
C: from
D:with
A: and
B: leading to
C: from
D:with
答案：B
解析：
通过上下文可知此处应为“年龄”。
bring ahout意为“带来”,bring in意为“赚取，实现”（一定利润），没有bring to这个短语，如果用with，此句话必须变成what has it hrought with these changes才符合语法，但意思就不符合文章了。
life span是一个固定搭配，意为“寿命”。
从下一句可以看出此处应指那些不治之症。
本句举了天花的例子，下一句指出很多孩子死于这些病，所以此处应为一个表严重的词。high是形容词，不能修饰后面的形容词。acute不是比较级，所以and后面也不应用比较级。
本句后部分说在一些国家这些病已经消失，通过常识得知应该是发达国家。
本句后部分说在一些国家这些病已经消失，整段都在说明情况好转，故选C。
冒号后面列举的内容不能统一用其他几个词概括，只能用factor。
注意这里的which不是非限制定语从句中指代前面一句话的作用，而是指代前面两项内容：卫生的改善和杭生素的发明使用，所以which后的动词不用单三形式。cause 没有这样的语法搭配。
该选项为固定搭配，意为对某种疾病的预防接种。
前面说的是对疾病的防范和控制加强，后面说的是整体环境的改善，两者为并列关系，但是And在书面语中不能这样使用，所以只能选in addition。
整句话的意思是：从基因角度看，人都能活到85岁，但是虽然现在人们寿命确实比以前长了，仍然有一些疾病使得我们不能都活到那个岁数。所以此处应该填一个转折副词。
those指代流感和艾滋病等靠病毒传播的疾病，those后面的动词是过去分词作定语。spread的过去分词与原形相同。
本句最后指出一些病越来越年轻化，所以此处应选择younger的反义词。
obesitv是心脏病和糖尿病年轻化的重要原因，它和心脏病、糖尿病不是并列关系，而是因果关系，所以选择leading to，现在分词作结果状语。
bring ahout意为“带来”,bring in意为“赚取，实现”（一定利润），没有bring to这个短语，如果用with，此句话必须变成what has it hrought with these changes才符合语法，但意思就不符合文章了。
life span是一个固定搭配，意为“寿命”。
从下一句可以看出此处应指那些不治之症。
本句举了天花的例子，下一句指出很多孩子死于这些病，所以此处应为一个表严重的词。high是形容词，不能修饰后面的形容词。acute不是比较级，所以and后面也不应用比较级。
本句后部分说在一些国家这些病已经消失，通过常识得知应该是发达国家。
本句后部分说在一些国家这些病已经消失，整段都在说明情况好转，故选C。
冒号后面列举的内容不能统一用其他几个词概括，只能用factor。
注意这里的which不是非限制定语从句中指代前面一句话的作用，而是指代前面两项内容：卫生的改善和杭生素的发明使用，所以which后的动词不用单三形式。cause 没有这样的语法搭配。
该选项为固定搭配，意为对某种疾病的预防接种。
前面说的是对疾病的防范和控制加强，后面说的是整体环境的改善，两者为并列关系，但是And在书面语中不能这样使用，所以只能选in addition。
整句话的意思是：从基因角度看，人都能活到85岁，但是虽然现在人们寿命确实比以前长了，仍然有一些疾病使得我们不能都活到那个岁数。所以此处应该填一个转折副词。
those指代流感和艾滋病等靠病毒传播的疾病，those后面的动词是过去分词作定语。spread的过去分词与原形相同。
本句最后指出一些病越来越年轻化，所以此处应选择younger的反义词。
obesitv是心脏病和糖尿病年轻化的重要原因，它和心脏病、糖尿病不是并列关系，而是因果关系，所以选择leading to，现在分词作结果状语。
第8题：
共用题干
第二篇
Chronic Diseases: The World's Leading Killer
Chronic diseases are the leading cause of death in the world.Yet health experts say
these conditions are often the most preventable.Chronic diseases include heart disease,
stroke,cancer,diabetes（糖尿病）and lung disorders.
The World Health Organization says chronic diseases lead to about seventeen million
early deaths each year.This United Nations agency expects more than three hundred eighty
million people to die of chronic diseases by 2015.It says about eighty percent of the deaths
will happen in developing nations.
The WHO says chronic diseases now cause two-thirds of all deaths in the Asia-Pacific
area,ln ten years it could be almost three-fourths.People are getting sick in their most
economically productive years.In fact,experts say chronic diseases are killing more
middle-aged people in poorer countries than in wealthier ones.
The WHO estimates that chronic diseases will cost China alone more than five hundred
thousand million dollars in the next ten years.That estimate represents the costs of medical
treatment and lost productivity.Russia and lndia are also expected to face huge economic
losses.
Kim Hak-Su is the head of the United Nations Economic and Social Commission for
Asia and the Pacific.Last week in Bangkok he presented a WHO report on the problem.It
says deaths from chronic diseases have increased largely as the result of economic gains in
many countries.
The report details the latest findings from nine countries.They include Brazil,Britain,
Canada,China,India and Nigeria.The others are Pakistan,Russia and Tanzania.
Mister Kim says infectious and parasitic（寄生的）diseases have until recently been the
main killers in Asia and the Pacific.But he says they are no longer the major cause of death in
most countries.
Health officials say as many as eighty percent of deaths from chronic diseases could be
prevented.They say an important tool for governments is to restrict the marketing of alcohol
and tobacco to young people.Also,more programs are needed to urge healthy eating and
more physical activity.
UN officials aim through international action to reduce chronic-disease deaths by two
percent each year through 2015.They say meeting that target could save thirty-six million
lives.That includes twenty-five million in Asia and the Pacific.
第二篇
Chronic Diseases: The World's Leading Killer
Chronic diseases are the leading cause of death in the world.Yet health experts say
these conditions are often the most preventable.Chronic diseases include heart disease,
stroke,cancer,diabetes（糖尿病）and lung disorders.
The World Health Organization says chronic diseases lead to about seventeen million
early deaths each year.This United Nations agency expects more than three hundred eighty
million people to die of chronic diseases by 2015.It says about eighty percent of the deaths
will happen in developing nations.
The WHO says chronic diseases now cause two-thirds of all deaths in the Asia-Pacific
area,ln ten years it could be almost three-fourths.People are getting sick in their most
economically productive years.In fact,experts say chronic diseases are killing more
middle-aged people in poorer countries than in wealthier ones.
The WHO estimates that chronic diseases will cost China alone more than five hundred
thousand million dollars in the next ten years.That estimate represents the costs of medical
treatment and lost productivity.Russia and lndia are also expected to face huge economic
losses.
Kim Hak-Su is the head of the United Nations Economic and Social Commission for
Asia and the Pacific.Last week in Bangkok he presented a WHO report on the problem.It
says deaths from chronic diseases have increased largely as the result of economic gains in
many countries.
The report details the latest findings from nine countries.They include Brazil,Britain,
Canada,China,India and Nigeria.The others are Pakistan,Russia and Tanzania.
Mister Kim says infectious and parasitic（寄生的）diseases have until recently been the
main killers in Asia and the Pacific.But he says they are no longer the major cause of death in
most countries.
Health officials say as many as eighty percent of deaths from chronic diseases could be
prevented.They say an important tool for governments is to restrict the marketing of alcohol
and tobacco to young people.Also,more programs are needed to urge healthy eating and
more physical activity.
UN officials aim through international action to reduce chronic-disease deaths by two
percent each year through 2015.They say meeting that target could save thirty-six million
lives.That includes twenty-five million in Asia and the Pacific.
How many people in developing countries will probably die of chronic diseases by 2015?
A: More than 17 million.
B:More than 380 million.
C: More than 304 million.
D: More than 25 mullion.
A: More than 17 million.
B:More than 380 million.
C: More than 304 million.
D: More than 25 mullion.
答案：C
解析：
第9题：
共用题干
第二篇
New U. S. Plan for Disease Prevention
Urging Americans to take responsibility for their health,Health and Human Services
Secretary Tommy Thompson on Tuesday launched a $15 million program to try to
encourage communities to do more to prevent chronic diseases like heart disease,cancer
and diabetes（糖尿病）.
The initiative highlights the costs of chronic diseases一the leading causes of death in
the United States一and outlines ways that people can prevent them,including better diet
and increased exercise.
"In the United States today,7 of 10 deaths and the vast majority of serious illness,
disability and health care costs are caused by chronic diseases,"the Health and Human
Services department said in a statement.
The causes are often behavioral一smoking,poor eating habits and a lack of exercise.
"I am convinced that preventing disease by promoting better health is a smart policy
choice for our future,"Thompson told a conference held to launch the initiative.
"Our current health care system is not structured to deal with the rising costs of treating
diseases that are largely preventable through changes in our lifestyle choices."
Thompson said heart disease and strokes will cost the country more than $351 billion in
2003.
"These leading causes of death for men and women are largely preventable,yet we as
a nation are not taking the steps necessary for us to lead healthier,longer lives,"he said.
The $15 million is designed to go to communities to promote prevention,pushing for
changes as simple as building sidewalks to encourage people to walk more.
Daily exercise such as walking can prevent and even reverse heart disease and
diabetes,and prevent cancer and strokes.
The money will also go to community organizations,clinics and nutritionists who are
being encouraged to work together to educate people at risk of diabetes about what they can
do to prevent it and encourage more cancer screening.
The American Cancer Society estimates that half of all cancers can be caught by
screening, including Pap tests（巴 氏实验）for cervical（子宫颈的）cancer,
mammograms（乳房X线照片）for breast cancer, colonoscopies（结肠镜检查）,and
prostate（前列腺的）checks.
If such cancers were all caught by early screening,the group estimates that the survival
rate for cancer would rise to 95 percent.
第二篇
New U. S. Plan for Disease Prevention
Urging Americans to take responsibility for their health,Health and Human Services
Secretary Tommy Thompson on Tuesday launched a $15 million program to try to
encourage communities to do more to prevent chronic diseases like heart disease,cancer
and diabetes（糖尿病）.
The initiative highlights the costs of chronic diseases一the leading causes of death in
the United States一and outlines ways that people can prevent them,including better diet
and increased exercise.
"In the United States today,7 of 10 deaths and the vast majority of serious illness,
disability and health care costs are caused by chronic diseases,"the Health and Human
Services department said in a statement.
The causes are often behavioral一smoking,poor eating habits and a lack of exercise.
"I am convinced that preventing disease by promoting better health is a smart policy
choice for our future,"Thompson told a conference held to launch the initiative.
"Our current health care system is not structured to deal with the rising costs of treating
diseases that are largely preventable through changes in our lifestyle choices."
Thompson said heart disease and strokes will cost the country more than $351 billion in
2003.
"These leading causes of death for men and women are largely preventable,yet we as
a nation are not taking the steps necessary for us to lead healthier,longer lives,"he said.
The $15 million is designed to go to communities to promote prevention,pushing for
changes as simple as building sidewalks to encourage people to walk more.
Daily exercise such as walking can prevent and even reverse heart disease and
diabetes,and prevent cancer and strokes.
The money will also go to community organizations,clinics and nutritionists who are
being encouraged to work together to educate people at risk of diabetes about what they can
do to prevent it and encourage more cancer screening.
The American Cancer Society estimates that half of all cancers can be caught by
screening, including Pap tests（巴 氏实验）for cervical（子宫颈的）cancer,
mammograms（乳房X线照片）for breast cancer, colonoscopies（结肠镜检查）,and
prostate（前列腺的）checks.
If such cancers were all caught by early screening,the group estimates that the survival
rate for cancer would rise to 95 percent.
The passage indicates that spending more money on disease prevention will mean
A:greater responsibility of the government.
B: less need for input into treatment.
C:higher costs of health care.
D: more lifestyle choices for people.
A:greater responsibility of the government.
B: less need for input into treatment.
C:higher costs of health care.
D: more lifestyle choices for people.
答案：B
解析：
第10题：
共用题干
Life Expectancy in the Last Hundred Years
A hundred years ago,life expectancy in developed countries was about 47:in the early 21st century,men in the United States and the United Kingdom can expect to live to about 74. Women to about 80, and these___1___ are rising all the time. What has brought___2___ these changes?When we look at the life___3___of people 100 years ago,we need to look at the greatest___4___of the time. In the early 20th century,these were the acute and often ___5___ infectious diseases such as smallpox. Many children died very young from these diseases and others,and the weak and elderly were always at risk. In the ___6 ___world these diseases are far___ 7 ___today,and in some cases have almost disappeared. A number of ___8 ___have led to this:improvements in sanitation and hygiene,the discovery and use of antibiotics,which ___9___ bacterial diseases much less dangerous,and vaccinations___10___ common diseases. ___11___ ,people's general health has improved with improvements in our general environ-ment:cleaner air,better means of preserving food,better and warmer housing,and better understanding of nutrition. Genetically,we should all be able to live to about 85 but ___12___ people do live longer today,there are still some big killers around that are preventing US from consistently reaching that age. The problems that affect people today are the more chro-nic illnesses,such as heart disease and strokes,and those ___13___ by viruses,such as influen- za and AIDS. Of course,cancer is a huge killer as well. In most cases these diseases affect ___14___ people,but there are worrying trends in the developed world with problems such as obesity ___15___ more heart disease and illnesses such as diabetes at younger ages.
The killers today can be classed as“lifestyle diseases”,which means that it may be possi- ble to halt their progress.
Life Expectancy in the Last Hundred Years
A hundred years ago,life expectancy in developed countries was about 47:in the early 21st century,men in the United States and the United Kingdom can expect to live to about 74. Women to about 80, and these___1___ are rising all the time. What has brought___2___ these changes?When we look at the life___3___of people 100 years ago,we need to look at the greatest___4___of the time. In the early 20th century,these were the acute and often ___5___ infectious diseases such as smallpox. Many children died very young from these diseases and others,and the weak and elderly were always at risk. In the ___6 ___world these diseases are far___ 7 ___today,and in some cases have almost disappeared. A number of ___8 ___have led to this:improvements in sanitation and hygiene,the discovery and use of antibiotics,which ___9___ bacterial diseases much less dangerous,and vaccinations___10___ common diseases. ___11___ ,people's general health has improved with improvements in our general environ-ment:cleaner air,better means of preserving food,better and warmer housing,and better understanding of nutrition. Genetically,we should all be able to live to about 85 but ___12___ people do live longer today,there are still some big killers around that are preventing US from consistently reaching that age. The problems that affect people today are the more chro-nic illnesses,such as heart disease and strokes,and those ___13___ by viruses,such as influen- za and AIDS. Of course,cancer is a huge killer as well. In most cases these diseases affect ___14___ people,but there are worrying trends in the developed world with problems such as obesity ___15___ more heart disease and illnesses such as diabetes at younger ages.
The killers today can be classed as“lifestyle diseases”,which means that it may be possi- ble to halt their progress.
10._________
A: against
B: for
C: to
D: cause
A: against
B: for
C: to
D: cause
答案：A
解析：
通过上下文可知此处应为A项ages“年龄”。
bring about意思是“带来”,bring in意为“赚取，实现（一定利润）”，没有 bring to这个短语，如果用with，此句话必须变成what has it brought with these changes才符合语法，但意思就不符合文章了。所以答案为B。
life span是一个固定搭配，意为“寿命”。所以答案为D。
从下一句可以看出此处应指那些不治之症。所以答案为B。
本句举了天花的例子，下一句指出很多孩子死于这些病，所以此处应为一个表严重的词。high是形容词，不能修饰后面的形容词。acute不是比较级，所以and后面也不能用比较级。所以答案为D。
本句后部分说在一些国家这些病已经消失，通过常识得知应该是发达国家。所以答案为A。
本句后部分说在一些国家这些病已经消失，整段都在说明情况好转，故选C。
冒号后面列举的内容不能统一用其他几个词概括，只能用B项factors。
which指代前面两项内容：卫生的改善和杭生素的发明使用，所以which后的动词不能用单数形式。cause没有这样的语法搭配。所以答案为C。
vaccinations against…为固定搭配，意为对某种疾病的预防接种。所以答案为A。
前面说的是对疾病的防范和控制加强，后面说的是整体环境的改善，两者为并列关系，但是And在书面语中不能这样使用，所以只能选in addition，所以答案为C。
整句话意为：从基因角度看，人都能活到85岁，但是虽然现在人们寿命确实比以前长了，仍然有一些疾病使得我们不能都活到那个岁数。所以此处应该填一个转折副词。所以答案为D。
those指代流感和艾滋病等靠病毒传播的疾病，those后面的动词是过去分词作定语。spread的过去分词与原形相同。所以答案为A。
本句最后指出一些病越来越年轻化，所以此处应选择younger的反义词。所以答案为C。
obesity是心脏病和糖尿病年轻化的重要原因，它和心脏病、糖尿病不是并列关系，而是因果关系，所以选择B项leading to，现在分词作结果状语。
bring about意思是“带来”,bring in意为“赚取，实现（一定利润）”，没有 bring to这个短语，如果用with，此句话必须变成what has it brought with these changes才符合语法，但意思就不符合文章了。所以答案为B。
life span是一个固定搭配，意为“寿命”。所以答案为D。
从下一句可以看出此处应指那些不治之症。所以答案为B。
本句举了天花的例子，下一句指出很多孩子死于这些病，所以此处应为一个表严重的词。high是形容词，不能修饰后面的形容词。acute不是比较级，所以and后面也不能用比较级。所以答案为D。
本句后部分说在一些国家这些病已经消失，通过常识得知应该是发达国家。所以答案为A。
本句后部分说在一些国家这些病已经消失，整段都在说明情况好转，故选C。
冒号后面列举的内容不能统一用其他几个词概括，只能用B项factors。
which指代前面两项内容：卫生的改善和杭生素的发明使用，所以which后的动词不能用单数形式。cause没有这样的语法搭配。所以答案为C。
vaccinations against…为固定搭配，意为对某种疾病的预防接种。所以答案为A。
前面说的是对疾病的防范和控制加强，后面说的是整体环境的改善，两者为并列关系，但是And在书面语中不能这样使用，所以只能选in addition，所以答案为C。
整句话意为：从基因角度看，人都能活到85岁，但是虽然现在人们寿命确实比以前长了，仍然有一些疾病使得我们不能都活到那个岁数。所以此处应该填一个转折副词。所以答案为D。
those指代流感和艾滋病等靠病毒传播的疾病，those后面的动词是过去分词作定语。spread的过去分词与原形相同。所以答案为A。
本句最后指出一些病越来越年轻化，所以此处应选择younger的反义词。所以答案为C。
obesity是心脏病和糖尿病年轻化的重要原因，它和心脏病、糖尿病不是并列关系，而是因果关系，所以选择B项leading to，现在分词作结果状语。