研究生入学
Directions:The following paragraphs are given in a wrong order.For Questions 41-45,you are required to reorganize these paragraphs into a coherent article by choosing from the list A-G to filling them into the numbered box.Paragraphs B and D have been cor
题目
【A】The first published sketch,"A Dinner at Poplar Walk"brought tears to Dickens's eyes when he discovered it in the pages of The Monthly Magazine.From then on his sketches,which appeared under the pen name"Boz"in The Evening Chronicle,earned him a modest reputation.
【B】The runaway success of The Pickwick Papers,as it is generally known today,secured Dickens's fame.There were Pickwick coats and Pickwick cigars,and the plump,spectacled hero,Samuel Pickwick,became a national figure.
【C】Soon after Sketches by Boz appeared,a publishing firm approached Dickens to write a story in monthly installments,as a backdrop for a series of woodcuts by the ten-famous artist Robert Seymour,who had originated the idea for the story.With characteristic confidence,Dickens successfully insisted that Seymour's pictures illustrate his own story instead.After the first installment,Dickens wrote to the artist and asked him to correct a drawing Dickens felt was not faithful enough to his prose.Seymour made the change,went into his backyard,and expressed his displeasure by committing suicide.Dickens and his publishers simply pressed on with a new artist.The comic novel,The Posthumous Papers of the Pickwick Club,appeared serially in 1836 and 1837,and was first published in book form in 1837.
【D】Charles Dickens is probably the best-known and,to many people,the greatest English novelist of the 19th century.A moralist,satirist,and social reformer.Dickens crafted complex plots and striking characters that capture the panorama of English society.
【E】Soon after his father's release from prison,Dickens got a better job as errand boy in law offices.He taught himself shorthand to get an even better job later as a court stenographer and as a reporter in Parliament.At the same time,Dickens,who had a reporter's eye for transcribing the life around him especially anything comic or odd,submitted short sketches to obscure magazines.
【F】Dickens was born in Portsmouth,on England's southern coast.His father was a clerk in the British navy pay office-a respectable position,but wish little social status.His paternal grandparents,a steward and a housekeeper possessed even less status,having been servants,and Dickens later concealed their background.Dicken's mother supposedly came from a more respectable family.Yet two years before Dicken's birth,his mother's father was caught stealing and fled to Europe,never to return.The family's increasing poverty forced Dickens out of school at age 12 to work in Warren's Blacking Warehouse,a shoe-polish factory,where the other working boys mocked him as"the young gentleman."His father was then imprisoned for debt.The humiliations of his father's imprisonment and his labor in the blacking factory formed Dicken's greatest wound and became his deepest secret.He could not confide them even to his wife,although they provide the unacknowledged foundation of his fiction.
【G】After Pickwick,Dickens plunged into a bleaker world.In Oliver Twist,e traces an orphan's progress from the workhouse to the criminal slums of London.Nicholas Nickleby,his next novel,combines the darkness of Oliver Twist with the sunlight of Pickwick.The popularity of these novels consolidated Dichens'as a nationally and internationally celebrated man of letters.
D→1.→2.→3.→4.→B→5.（4应选？）
B.C
C.E
D.F
E.G
相似问题和答案
第1题：
根据下列文章，回答41～45题。
Directions：In the following article, some sentences have been removed. For Questions 41-45, choose the most suitable one from the list A-G to fit into each of the numbered blanks. There are two extra choices, which do not fit in any of the blanks. Mark your answers on ANSWER SHEET 1. （10 points）The time for sharpening pencils, arranging your desk, and doing almost anything else instead of writing has ended. The first draft will appear on the page only if you stop avoiding the inevitable and sit, stand up, or lie down to write. ______（41）________
Be flexible. Your outline should smoothly conduct you from one point to the next, but do not permit it to railroad you. If a relevant and important idea occurs to you now, work it into the draft. ______（42）________Grammar, punctuation, and spelling can wait until you revise. Concentrate on what you are saying. Good writing most often occurs when you are in hot pursuit of an idea rather than in a nervous search for errors.
______（43）________Your pages will be easier to keep track of that way, and, if you have to clip a paragraph to place it elsewhere, you will nit lose any writing on the other side.
If you are working on a word processor, you can take advantage of its capacity to make additions and deletions as well as move entire paragraph by making just a few simple keyboard commands. Some software programs can also check spelling and certain grammatical elements in your writing.______（44）________These printouts are also easier to read than the screen when you work on revision.
Once you have a first draft on paper, you can delete material that in unrelated to your thesis and add material necessary to illustrate your points and make your paper convincing. The student who wrote： The A &P as a State of Mind wisely dropped a paragraph that questioned whether Sammy displays chauvinistic attitudes toward women.
______（45）________Remember that your initial draft is only that. You should go through the paper many times-and then again- working to substantiate and clarify your ideas. You may even end up with several entire versions of the paper. Rewrite. The sentences within each paragraph should be related to a single topic. Transitions should connect one paragraph to the next so that there are no abrupt or confusing shifts. Awkward or wordy phrasing or unclear sentences and paragraphs should be mercilessly poked and prodded into shape.
A．To make revising easier, leave wide margins and extra space between lines so that you can easily add words, sentences, and corrections. Write on only one side of the paper.
B．After you have clearly and adequately developed the body of your paper, pay particular attention to the introductory and concluding paragraphs. It''s probably best to write the introduction last, after you know precisely what you are introducing. Concluding paragraphs demand equal attention because they leave the reader with a final impression.
C．It's worth remembering, however, that though a clean copy fresh off a printer may look terrific, it will read only as well as the thinking and writing that have gone into it. Many writers prudently store their data on disks and print their pages each time they finish a draft to avoid losing any material because of power failures or other problems.
D．It makes no difference how you write, just so you do. Now that you have developed a topic into a tentative thesis, you can assemble your notes and begin to flesh out whatever outline you have made.
E．Although this is an interesting issue, it has nothing to do with the thesis, which explains how the setting influences Sammy's decision to quit his job. Instead of including that paragraph, she added one that described Lengel’s crabbed response to the girls so that she could lead up to the A&P policy he enforces.
F．In the final
D
空前面出现的内容告诉读者如果写文章时只要作者不再试图避免一些事情第一稿就会跃然纸上，在空后第一句里出现了outline这个词，因此41题中也会出现和outline相关的内容。D选项的内容就中提到用什么方式来写作不重要，重要的是定下一个题目，然后可以通过整理笔记来填充你的outline(提纲)。空前面所提到的坐着写、站着写、躺着写说的正是写作的方式。
第2题：
第3题：
Part B
Directions:
In the following article, some sentences have been removed. For Questions 41—45, choose the most suitable one from the list A-G to fit into each of the numbered blanks. There are two extra choices, which do not fit in any of the blanks. Mark your answers on ANSWER SHEET 1. (10 points)
The time for sharpening pencils, arranging your desk, and doing almost anything else instead of writing has ended. The first draft will appear on the page only if you stop avoiding the inevitable and sit, stand up, or lie down to write. (41) -------
Be flexible. Your outline should smoothly conduct you from one point to the next, but do not permit it to railroad you. If a relevant and important idea occurs to you now, work it into the draft. (42) ------- Grammar, punctuation, and spelling can wait until you revise. Concentrate on what you are saying. Good writing most often occurs when you are in hot pursuit of an idea rather than in a nervous search for errors.
(43) ------- Your pages will be easier to keep track of that way, and, if you have to clip a paragraph to place it elsewhere, you will not lose any writing on the other side.
If you are working on a word processor, you can take advantage of its capacity to make additions and deletions as well as move entire paragraphs by making just a few simple keyboard commands. Some software programs can also check spelling and certain grammatical elements in your writing. (44) ------- These printouts are also easier to read than the screen when you work on revisions.
Once you have a first draft on paper, you can delete material that is unrelated to your thesis and add material necessary to illustrate your points and make your paper convincing. The student who wrote “The A & P as a State of Mind” wisely dropped a paragraph that questioned whether Sammy displays chauvinistic attitudes toward women. (45) -------
Remember that your initial draft is only that. You should go through the paper many times – and then again – working to substantiate and clarify your ideas. You may even end up with several entire versions of the paper. Rewrite. The sentences within each paragraph should be related to a single topic. Transitions should connect one paragraph to the next so that there are no abrupt or confusing shifts. Awkward or wordy phrasing or unclear sentences and paragraphs should be mercilessly poked and prodded into shape.
41._________
[A] To make revising easier, leave wide margins and extra space between lines so that you can easily add words, sentences, and corrections. Write on only one side of the paper.
[B] After you have clearly and adequately developed the body of your paper, pay particular attention to the introductory and concluding paragraphs. It’s probably best to write the introduction last, after you know precisely what you are introducing. Concluding paragraphs demand equal attention because they leave the reader with a final impression.
[C] It’s worth remembering, however, that though a clean copy fresh off a printer may look terrific, it will read only as well as the thinking and writing that have gone into it. Many writers prudently store their data on disks and print their pages each time they finish a draft to avoid losing any material because of power failures or other problems.
[D] It makes no difference how you write, just so you do. Now that you have developed a topic into a tentative thesis, you can assemble your notes and begin to flesh out whatever outline you have made.
[E] Although this is an interesting issue, it has nothing to do with the thesis, which explains how the setting influences Sammy’s decision to quit his job. Instead of including that paragraph, she added one that described Lengel’s crabbed response to the girls so that she could lead up to the A & P “policy” he enforces.
[F] In the final paragraph about the significance of the setting in “A & P,” the student brings together the reasons Sammy quit his job by referring to his refusal to accept Lengel’s store policies.
[G] By using the first draft as a means of thinking about what you want to say, you will very likely discover more than your notes originally suggested. Plenty of good writers don’t use outlines at all but discover ordering principles as they write. Do not attempt to compose a perfectly correct draft the first time around.
空前面出现的内容告诉读者如果写文章时只要作者不再试图避免一些事情第一稿就会跃然纸上，在空后第一句里出现了outline这个词，因此41题中也会出现和outline相关的内容。D选项的内容就中提到用什么方式来写作不重要，重要的是定下一个题目，然后可以通过整理笔记来填充你的outline(提纲)。空前面所提到的坐着写、站着写、躺着写说的正是写作的方式。
第4题：
Part B
Directions: The following paragraphs are given in a wrong order. For Questions 41—45, you are required to reorganize these paragraphs into a coherent article by choosing from the list A - G to fill in each numbered box. The first and the last paragraphs have been placed for you in Boxes. Mark your answers on ANSWER SHEET 1. ( 10 points)
[A] These issues cut right across traditional religious dogma. Many people cling to the belief that the origin of life required a unique divine act. But ff life on Earth is not unique, the case for a miraculous origin would be undermined. The discovery of even a humble bacterium on Mars, if it could be shown to have arisen independently from Earth life would support the view that life emerges naturally.
[B] Contrary to popular belief, speculation that we are not alone in the universe is as old as philosophy itself. The essential steps in the reasoning were based on the atomic theory of the ancient Greek philosopher Democritus. First, the laws of nature are universal. Second, there is nothing special or privileged about Earth. Finally, if something is possible, nature tends to make it happen. Philosophy is one thing, filling in the physical details is another. Although astronomers increasingly suspect that bio-friendly planets may be abundant in the universe, the chemical steps leading to life remain largely mysterious.
[C] There is, however, a contrary view-one that is gaining strength and directly challenges orthodox biology. It is that complexity can emerge spontaneously through a process of self-organization, ff matter and energy have an inbuilt tendency to amplify and channel organized complexity, the odds against the formation of life and the subsequent evolution of intelligence could be drastically shortened. The relevance of self- organization to biology remains hotly debated. It suggests, however, that although the universe as a whole may be dying, an opposite, progressive trend may also exist as a fundamental property of nature. The emergence of extraterrestrial life, particularly-intelligent life, is a key test for these rival paradigms.
[D] Similar reasoning applies to evolution. According to the orthodox view, Darwinian selection is utterly blind. Any impression that the transition from microbes to man represents progress is pure chauvinism of our part. The path of evolution is merely a random walk through the realm of possibilities. If this is right, there can be no directionality, no innate drive forward; in particular, no push toward consciousness and intelligence. Should Earth be struck by an asteroid, destroying all higher life -forms, intelligent beings, still less humanoids, would almost certainly not arise next time around.
[E] Traditionally, biologists believed that life is a freak-the result of a zillion - to - on& accidental concatenation of molecules. It follows that the likelihood of its happening again elsewhere in the cosmos is infinitesimal. This viewpoint de- rives from the second law of thermodynamics, which predicts that the universe is dying - slowly and inexorably degenerating toward a state of total chaos. Life stumbles across this trend only because it is a pure statistical luck.
[F] Historically, the Roman Catholic church regarded any discussion of alien life as heresy. Speculating about other inhabited worlds was one reason philosopher Giordano Bruno was burned at the stake in 1600. Belief that mankind has-a special relationship with God is central to the monotheistic religions. The existence of alien beings, especially if they were further advanced than humans intellectually and spiritually, would disrupt this cozy view.
[G] The discovery of life beyond earth would transform. not only our science but also our religions, our belief systems and our entire world view. For in a sense, the search for extraterrestrial life is really a search for ourselves - who we are and what our place is in the grand sweep of the cosmos.
Order:
41___________________
答案：B
[详细解答]本题的选择可以至少从以下三个角度考虑。其一，本语段的话题为“哲学对于其他生命状态的探索”。其二，本语段的第1个句子中的"we are not alone"紧密地承接了第1自然段的内容。其三，本段与上一个段落构成了总分关系，即“改变观点”和“世界观”。
第5题：
Directions: For this part, you are allowed 30 minutes to write a composition titled Opportunity and Success. You should write at least 120 words following the outline given below in Chinese.
1. 机遇的偶然性;
2. 机遇和成功的关系;
3. 上帝只会帮助有准备的人。
参考答案：
In our life, opportunities don’t come often. They often come quietly and pass by without being noticed. Some people complain that opportunities are few. They always admire those people who make a hit or succeed by seizing some opportunities. Owing to the contingency of opportunities, we should value and treat them with care. Everyone desires for success, but when it comes to the way to success, different people have different opinions. Some people think that opportunity is the first factor leading to success. Almost all successful people have come across some valuable opportunities. It should be noticed that opportunity won’t wait for you all the time. If we can’t notice and seize it, others do. The ways for different people to treat opportunities lead to different results. We must take advantage of opportunities when they come. That means we should be well-prepared all the time, then we can seize opportunities and achieve success. In my opinion, there are plenty of opportunities for everyone in the society, but not only those who are prepared adequately can make use of them. As the saying goes “God helps those who help themselves.” No matter whether there’s opportunity or not, what we should do is to work hard. Only in this way can we find and seize opportunity when it occurs.
第6题：
A、the five/ the article
B、the five/ an article
C、five/ article
D、five/ an article
第7题：
Three short paragraphs are quite()when you write a cover letter.
A. sufficient
B. efficient
C. deficient
第8题：
(ii) The answers to any questions that the potential investors may raise in connection with the maximum
possible investment, borrowing to finance the subscription and the implications of selling the shares.
(7 marks)
Note: you should assume that Vostok Ltd and its trade qualify for the purposes of the enterprise investment
scheme and you are not required to list the conditions that need to be satisfied by the company, its
shares or its business activities.
(ii) Answers to questions from potential investors
Maximum investment
– For the relief to be available, a shareholder (together with spouse and children) cannot own more than 30% of the
company. Accordingly, the maximum investment by a single subscriber will be ￡315,000 (15,000 x ￡21).
Borrowing to finance the purchase
– There would normally be tax relief for the interest paid on a loan taken out to acquire shares in a close company
such as Vostok Ltd. However, this relief is not available when the shares qualify for relief under the enterprise
investment scheme.
Implications of a subscriber selling the shares in Vostok Ltd
– The income tax relief will be withdrawn if the shares in Vostok Ltd are sold within three years of subscription.
– Any profit arising on the sale of the shares in Vostok Ltd on which income tax relief has been given will be exempt
from capital gains tax provided the shares have been held for three years.
– Any capital loss arising on the sale of the shares will be allowable regardless of how long the shares have been
held. However, the loss will be reduced by the amount of income tax relief obtained in respect of the investment.
The loss may be used to reduce the investor’s taxable income, and hence his income tax liability, for the tax year
of loss and/or the preceding tax year.
– Any gain deferred at the time of subscription will become chargeable in the year in which the shares in Vostok Ltd
are sold.
第9题：
Questionnaires can be a simple way to get to know your audience's opinions. Though it is easy to write a questionnaire, you need a lot of skill and experience to write a good one. Luckily, good design skills can be learned in a short time.
Keep Your Questionnaire Simple and Visually Attractive
Keep your questionnaire short and simple. A short and simple questionnaire is more likely to be completed and returned. It is also important to make your questionnaire as attractive as possible. You should keep the following design elements in mind:
Text: Choose a font style. that is easy to read, and make sure the font size is large enough for your respondents to read.
Paragraphs: Long paragraphs can be daunting for readers, so try to keep your blocks of text to a handful of lines.
White space: Ensure that there is space between questions and sections and don't make margins too small.
Keep Questions Brief and Easy to Understand
Be brief and direct with your questions. Do not use any unnecessary words and phrases. Brief questions that use simple language are easy to read and understand, so the participants won't find it difficult to fill in the questionnaire.
Make Sure Questions Are In the Right Order
You should start your questionnaire with general questions and then move to specific ones. Try to avoid jumping back and forth between general and specific questions.
Use Open-Ended Questions Properly
Open-ended questions mean respondents can answer freely using their own words. They can provide more detailed information, but they take more time and effort to answer and can be more difficult to analyze. You should not use too many open-ended questions in one questionnaire.
In a word, taking the time to develop a well-designed and participant “friendly questionnaire will give you useful data that can help you make the right decisions.
21. The questionnaire contains following elements except()
A. test
B. paragraph
C. address
22. In order to keep your questionnaire visually attractive, you should().
A. choose different font styles in a questionnaire
B. write long paragraphs instead of short ones
C. leave enough space between questions and sections
23. You should start your questionnaire with()questions and then move to ones.
A. general, specific
B. specific, general
C. short, long
24. What could be the best title for this passage?
A. Designing an Effective Questionnaire.
B. Questionnaire is the best way to collect data from many people.
C. Questionnaire benefits our life.
25. Which of the following statements is NOT true?
A. Questionnaire design skills can be learned in a short time.
B. Open-ended questions cannot provide more detailed inform. better not use too many open-ended questions in one questionnaire.
C. It's worth taking the time to develop a well-designed and participant-friendly questionnaire.
参考答案：21-25：CCAAB
第10题：
B.Writing topic sentences for paragraphs.
C.Gathering information and ideas relevant to the topic.
D.Organizing the information and ideas into a logical sequence.