职称英语(综合)

共用题干 How Lawyers Are TrainedThe lawyer is a person with a very special knowledge of the law一both the civil and criminal. Because of this knowledge the lawyer can help people plan their affairs in accordance with law. In other words,_______(46).He prepared

题目
共用题干
How Lawyers Are Trained

The lawyer is a person with a very special knowledge of the law一both the civil and criminal. Because of this knowledge the lawyer can help people plan their affairs in accordance with law. In other words,_______(46).He prepared agreements and contracts by which one person makes sure that another person will carry out his promises.He gives advice to people on domestic and family relationships and business problems.
_______(47),although the cases the public usually hears or reads about are those that come to court.The lawyer presents or defends in court claimed violations of rights,or disputes arising out of differences as to what has happened or what is legal and just.The lawyer is not only an advocate of the rights of his client but also an legal practioner sworn to uphold the Constitution and the law.
Most lawyers today are generally college-trained men who have completed a course in a law school.Each state has its own rules about training and admission.In law school,students learn how to analyze and present problems for decision.They study the constitution,treaties,court decision,as well as prior ruling and precedents._______(48).
In some states,instead of going to a law school,a person may experience a long period of training in a law office_______(49).This method was more popular many years ago when educational facilities were few and the body of law was small.
After a person has completed formal law一school training,he must take an examination,which is known as the bar examination,to enable the state to check whether he has learnt the fundamentals of the law. Besides,the applicant must show he is of good character._______(50).The applicant is interviewed,and after his character is approved,he is then licensed to practice law.

________（47）
A:Most of a lawyer's work is carried out outside the courtroom
B:A committee appointed by the court checks home training,college training and past behavior
C:where he learns the various techniques and the basic knowledge that others get in a law school
D:They take tests to prove their qualifications and willingness to become a lawyer
E:he helps people keep out of troubles as well as helping those who are already in trouble
F:The reliance on precedents permits us to plan our affairs with certainty because we can be reasonably sure of the results of our acts
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相似问题和答案

第1题：

根据短文内容判断给出的语句是否正确.正确的写“T”，错误的写“F”。

A lawyer friend of mine has devoted herself to the service of humanity. Her special area is called “public interest law”(公共利益法).

Many other lawyers serve only clients who can pay high fees. All lawyers have had expensive and highly specialized training, and they work long, difficult hours for the money they get. But what happens to people who need legal(法律上的) help and cannot pay these lawyers' fees?

Public interest lawyers fill this need. Patricia, like other public interest lawyers, gets less money than some lawyers, because she is willing to take less money. Her clients have the help they need, even if they can pay nothing at all.

Some clients need legal help because stores have cheated them with bad goods. Others are in unsafe houses. Their cases are called “civil”cases. Still others are criminals (刑事犯罪), and they go to those public interest lawyers who are in charge of “criminal”cases.

These are just a few of the many situations in which the men and women who are public interest lawyers serve to extend justice(正义) throughout our society.

( )21. A person who needs and uses legal help is called a client.

( )22. Public interest lawyers serve people who can pay high fees only.

( )23. If only the rich could be helped by lawyers, the justice system would be nothing but cheating.

( )24. Public interest law includes criminal cases only.

( )25. A landlord refuses to fix a dangerous house which is NOT a matter for a civil case.


参考答案：21、T 22、F 23、T 24、F 25、F


第2题：

The banker was extremely excited because __.

A. he was too rich to care for the money

B. he was sure of his winning the bet

C. the lawyer would give up in 15 years

D. the lawyer would give up before 5 years


正确答案：B

第3题：

Jeanne has decided on law as her _______. She wants to become a civil rights lawyer and help the poor.

A. employment

B. business

C. profession

D. occupation


参考答案：C

第4题：

He is the only person who can（ ）in this case,because the other witnesses were killed mysteriously.

A.testify
B.charge
C.accuse
D.rectify

答案：A
解析：
句意：他是这个案子中唯一可以作证的人，因为其他的目击证人都被神秘杀害了。testify意为“作证，证明”，符合题意。B.charge指“指控”，C.accuse意为“控告，指探”。D.rectify意为“纠正，改正”。

第5题：

The process of perceiving others is rarely translated(to ourselves or others) into cold,objective terms．"She was 5 feet 8 inches tall, had fair hair, and wore a colored skirt．" More often, we try to get inside the other person to pinpoint his or her attitudes, emotions, motivations,abilities, ideas, and characters． Furthermore, we sometimes behave as if we can accomplish this difficult job very quickly--perhaps with a two-second glance．
We try to obtain information about others in many ways． Berger suggests several methods for reducing uncertainties about others; who are known to you so you can compare the observed person's behavior with the known others' behavior, observing a person in a situation where social behavior is relatively unrestrained or where a wide variety of behavioral responses are called for,deliberately structuring the physical or social environment so as to observe the person's responses to specific stimuli, asking people who have had or have frequent contact with the person about himor her, and using various strategies in face-to-face interaction to uncover information about another person--question, self-disclosures, and so on．
Getting to know someone is a never-ending task, largely because people are constantly
changing and the methods we use to obtain information are often imprecise． You may have known someone for ten years and still know very little about him． If we accept the idea that we won't ever fully know another person, it enables us to deal more easily with those things that get in the way of accurate knowledge such as secrets and deceptions． It will also keep us from being too surprised or shocked by seemingly inconsistent behavior． Ironically, those things that keep us from knowing another person too well (e． g． secrets and deceptions) may be just as important to the development of a satisfying relationship as those things that enable us to obtain accurate knowledge about a person (e． g． disclosures and truthful statement)．
Some people are often surprised by what other people do． According to Berger, that is mainly because__________．

A.some people are more emotional than others
B.some people are not aware of the fact that we will never completely know another person
C.some people are sensitive enough to sense the change of other people's attitudes
D.some people choose to keep to themselves

答案：B
解析：
结合第二段和第三段内容可知，有一些人总是为他人的所作所为吃惊，这是因为他们没有意识到我们永远不可能完全了解一个人。

第6题：

The other banks will be very eager to help, ()they see that he has a specific plan.

A、provided that

B、unless

C、for fear that

D、even if


答案：A

解析：句意：其他银行会非常愿意帮忙，只要他们看见了他有一个具体的计划。本题考查的是固定短语的意思。provided that意为只要，假如；unless意为除非；for fear that意为生怕，唯恐；even if意为尽管，即使。根据句意，本题应该选择A。

第7题：

The process of perceiving others is rarely translated(to ourselves or others) into cold,objective terms．"She was 5 feet 8 inches tall, had fair hair, and wore a colored skirt．" More often, we try to get inside the other person to pinpoint his or her attitudes, emotions, motivations,abilities, ideas, and characters． Furthermore, we sometimes behave as if we can accomplish this difficult job very quickly--perhaps with a two-second glance．
We try to obtain information about others in many ways． Berger suggests several methods for reducing uncertainties about others; who are known to you so you can compare the observed person's behavior with the known others' behavior, observing a person in a situation where social behavior is relatively unrestrained or where a wide variety of behavioral responses are called for,deliberately structuring the physical or social environment so as to observe the person's responses to specific stimuli, asking people who have had or have frequent contact with the person about himor her, and using various strategies in face-to-face interaction to uncover information about another person--question, self-disclosures, and so on．
Getting to know someone is a never-ending task, largely because people are constantly
changing and the methods we use to obtain information are often imprecise． You may have known someone for ten years and still know very little about him． If we accept the idea that we won't ever fully know another person, it enables us to deal more easily with those things that get in the way of accurate knowledge such as secrets and deceptions． It will also keep us from being too surprised or shocked by seemingly inconsistent behavior． Ironically, those things that keep us from knowing another person too well (e． g． secrets and deceptions) may be just as important to the development of a satisfying relationship as those things that enable us to obtain accurate knowledge about a person (e． g． disclosures and truthful statement)．
According to the passage, if we perceive a person, we are likely to be interested in__________．

A.what he wears
B.how tall he is
C.how happy he is
D.what color he dyes his hair

答案：C
解析：
根据第一段可知，我们很少根据多高、染什么颜色的头发、穿什么衣服去认识一个人，而更多的是通过他的内在去判断，“More often，we try to get inside the other person to pinpoint his or her attitudes．emotions，motivations，abilities，ideas，and characters．”因此，答案为C。

第8题：

A certain lawyer lived in a city in the north of India.One day he had his photograph taken.In the photograph he appeared wearing English clothes, coat, waistcoat, trousers.boots collar and tie.And over them was his lawyer's gown.And his two hands were in his trouser pockets.

He was pleased with the photograph, and used to show it to his friends.All of them praised it, and said it was very good and very life-like.

One day he was showing the photograph to some of his friends in his office.As they were looking at it, a Pathan (帕坦人), who had just appeared in a case, came in.

He also looked at the photograph, and they asked him how he liked it.

“Not at all,” replied the Pathan.“It is not at all life-like.”

“Why? What is the matter?” they all cried.“We think it a very good likeness.What fault do you find with it?”

“Well, just look at it,” he replied.“Where are the man's hands?”

“They are in his pockets,” said they.

“In whose pockets?” asked the Pathan.

“In his own, of course,” replied they.

“Well, that is just where the picture is wrong.I know it to my cost.His hands should be in someone else's pockets.”

1.From the passage we may infer that().

A.the lawyer was good-looking but he didn't come out well in that photo

B.the lawyer was a good-natured gentleman who knew how to take a joke

C.the lawyer's greed led him to charge his client far too much

D.the lawyer was found to have stolen from people's pockets

C

2.The Pathan().

A.played a joke on the lawyer

B.found out what the lawyer was realy like

C.tried to turn the lawyer's friends against him

D.was always finding fault with lawyers

B

3.The Pathan learned where the picture was wrong from().

A.the lawyer's friends

B.his own experience

C.the lawyer's clients

D.the lawyer himself

B

4.The word "life-like" in the second paragraph means().

A.alike

B.living

C.like a good-looking person

D.very much like the person presented


参考答案：CBBD

第9题：

All around the world,lawyers generate more hostility than the members of any other profession—with the possible exception of journalism.But there are few places where clients have more grounds for complaint than America.During the decade before the economic crisis,spending on legal services in America grew twice as fast as inflation.The best lawyers made skyscrapers-full of money,tempting ever more students to pile into law schools.But most law graduates never get a big-firm job.Many of them instead become the kind of nuisance-lawsuit filer that makes the tort system a costly nightmare.There are many reasons for this.One is the excessive costs of a legal education.There is just one path for a lawyer in most American states:a four-year undergraduate degree in some unrelated subject,then a three-year law degree at one of 200 law schools authorized by the American Bar Association and an expensive preparation for the bar exam.This leaves today’s average law-school graduate with$100,000 of debt on top of undergraduate debts.Law-school debt means that many cannot afford to go into government or non-profit work,and that they have to work fearsomely hard.Reforming the system would help both lawyers and their customers.Sensible ideas have been around for a long time,but the state-level bodies that govern the profession have been too conservative to implement them.One idea is to allow people to study law as an undergraduate degree.Another is to let students sit for the bar after only two years of law school.If the bar exam is truly a stern enough test for a would-be lawyer,those who can sit it earlier should be allowed to do so.Students who do not need the extra training could cut their debt mountain by a third.The other reason why costs are so high is the restrictive guild-like ownership structure of the business.Except in the District of Columbia,non-lawyers may not own any share of a law firm.This keeps fees high and innovation slow.There is pressure for change from within the profession,but opponents of change among the regulators insist that keeping outsiders out of a law firm isolates lawyers from the pressure to make money rather than serve clients ethically.In fact,allowing non-lawyers to own shares in law firms would reduce costs and improve services to customers,by encouraging law firms to use technology and to employ professional managers to focus on improving firms’efficiency.After all,other countries,such as Australia and Britain,have started liberalizing their legal professions.America should follow.
a lot of students take up law as their profession due to

A.the growing demand from clients.
B.the increasing pressure of inflation.
C.the prospect of working in big firms.
D.the attraction of financial rewards.

答案：D
解析：
事实细节根据题干关键词“students”和“take up law as their profession”，我们可以迅速定位到原文第二段第二句“The best lawyers made skyscrapers-full of money,tempting ever more students to pile into law schools.”即律师界的精英们收入丰厚，从而吸引更多的学生进入法学院。很明显吸引学生学法律的是money，即可直接得出正确答案为D。选项A“客户不断增长的需求”，文中并未提及相关信息，属于无中生有。选项B“通货膨胀不断增长的压力”，定位到原文中出现inflation的句子“During the decade before the economic crisis,spending on legal services in America grew twice as fast as inflation.”即经济危机前十年间，美国法律服务方面开销的增长速度是通货膨胀时期的两倍。这里的inflation（通货膨胀）只是作为一个对比时期，与选项表述的毫无关联。而选项C“在大公司就职的愿景”，回文定位“But most law graduates never get a big-firm job.”即“然而，大多数法律专业的毕业生并未能获得在大公司工作的机会。”选项表述的意思与原文正好相反，故排除。

第10题：

All around the world,lawyers generate more hostility than the members of any other profession—with the possible exception of journalism.But there are few places where clients have more grounds for complaint than America.During the decade before the economic crisis,spending on legal services in America grew twice as fast as inflation.The best lawyers made skyscrapers-full of money,tempting ever more students to pile into law schools.But most law graduates never get a big-firm job.Many of them instead become the kind of nuisance-lawsuit filer that makes the tort system a costly nightmare.There are many reasons for this.One is the excessive costs of a legal education.There is just one path for a lawyer in most American states:a four-year undergraduate degree in some unrelated subject,then a three-year law degree at one of 200 law schools authorized by the American Bar Association and an expensive preparation for the bar exam.This leaves today’s average law-school graduate with$100,000 of debt on top of undergraduate debts.Law-school debt means that many cannot afford to go into government or non-profit work,and that they have to work fearsomely hard.Reforming the system would help both lawyers and their customers.Sensible ideas have been around for a long time,but the state-level bodies that govern the profession have been too conservative to implement them.One idea is to allow people to study law as an undergraduate degree.Another is to let students sit for the bar after only two years of law school.If the bar exam is truly a stern enough test for a would-be lawyer,those who can sit it earlier should be allowed to do so.Students who do not need the extra training could cut their debt mountain by a third.The other reason why costs are so high is the restrictive guild-like ownership structure of the business.Except in the District of Columbia,non-lawyers may not own any share of a law firm.This keeps fees high and innovation slow.There is pressure for change from within the profession,but opponents of change among the regulators insist that keeping outsiders out of a law firm isolates lawyers from the pressure to make money rather than serve clients ethically.In fact,allowing non-lawyers to own shares in law firms would reduce costs and improve services to customers,by encouraging law firms to use technology and to employ professional managers to focus on improving firms’efficiency.After all,other countries,such as Australia and Britain,have started liberalizing their legal professions.America should follow.
The guild-like ownership structure is considered“restrictive”partly because it

A.bans outsiders’involvement in the profession.
B.keeps lawyers from holding law-firm shares.
C.aggravates the ethical situation in the trade.
D.prevents lawyers from gaining due profits.

答案：D
解析：
事实细节根据题干的关键词“restrictive”（限制性的）及专有名词the guild-like ownership structure（同业公会所有权结构），我们可以定位到原文第五段。选项A“防止律师获得应有的收益”是原文未提及的信息，故排除；选项B“防止律师在律师事务所参股”对应原文“Except in the District of Columbia,non-lawyers may not own any share of a law firm.”也就是说除哥伦比亚特区外，非职业律师不得在律师事务所参股。可明显看出选项与原文意思相反，故排除；选项C“使该行业的职业道德状况恶化”对应原文“but opponents of change among the regulators insist that keeping outsiders out of a law firm isolates lawyers from the pressure to make money rather than serve clients ethically.”原文意思是“但监管部门中反对革新的人员坚持认为，不让外行参股律师事务所可以免除律师为了赚钱而不能以良好的职业道德服务客户的压力。”很明显选项与原文意思相反，故排除。而选项D正好与原文“Except in the District of Columbia,non-lawyers may not own any share of a law firm.（除哥伦比亚特区外，非职业律师不得在律师事务所参股。）”表达的含义一致，故为正确答案。

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