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问答题nder the law of competition, the employer of thousands is forced into the strictest economies, among which the rates paid to labor figure prominently. The price which society pays for t he law, like the price it pays for cheap comforts and luxuries, is great, but the advantages of this law are also greater than its cost—for it is to this law that we owe our wonderful material development, which brings improved conditions in its train. But, whether the law be benign or not, we cannot evade it；or the effect of any new substitutes for it proposed We can not be sure: and while the law may be sometimes hard for the individual, it is best for the race, because it insures the survival of the fittest in every department. We accept and welcome, therefore. as conditions to which we must accommodate ourselves, great inequality of environment；the concentration of business, industrial and commercial, in the hands of a few；and the law of competition between these, as being not only beneficial, but essential to the future progress of the race.正确答案：在竞争的法则下,上万人的雇主不得不实行一些最严厉的节约措施,其中节约给工人报酬的那部分占很大一部分。社会为这个法则付出的代价如同为低廉的舒适条件和奢侈品付出的代价一样是巨大的。但带来的好处超过了代价,因为正是这个法则,我们才有了了不起的物质进步,其结果是生活水平的提高。但是,不管这个法则是好是坏,我们无法回避,对任何建议替代它的新东西,其作用我们是不敢肯定的. 虽然这个法则有时对个人来说可能很残酷,但对人类来说是好的,因为它确保每个领域里适者生存。我们接受并欢迎环境上的不平等,接受并欢迎让工商业经营集中在少数人的手里,接受和欢迎他们之间存在竞争的法则,我们把所有这一切看成是我们必须适应的条件,看成对人类未来的进步不仅有益,而且是很有必要的。解析：【翻译要点】本题需注意词性和词形，英语中一个词往往可以身兼几类词性。由于对原文分析不透，对某一词的词性的判断失误，就会造成误译。第一句中paid为过去分词形式，而非谓语动词，paid to labor其实为过去分词形式的后置定语修饰the rates，而figure是动词，作“占重要位置”解，在从句中作rates的谓语动词：…节约给工人报酬的那部分占很大一部分。
考题
All around the world,lawyers generate more hostility than the members of any other profession—with the possible exception of journalism.But there are few places where clients have more grounds for complaint than America.During the decade before the economic crisis,spending on legal services in America grew twice as fast as inflation.The best lawyers made skyscrapers-full of money,tempting ever more students to pile into law schools.But most law graduates never get a big-firm job.Many of them instead become the kind of nuisance-lawsuit filer that makes the tort system a costly nightmare.There are many reasons for this.One is the excessive costs of a legal education.There is just one path for a lawyer in most American states:a four-year undergraduate degree in some unrelated subject,then a three-year law degree at one of 200 law schools authorized by the American Bar Association and an expensive preparation for the bar exam.This leaves today’s average law-school graduate with$100,000 of debt on top of undergraduate debts.Law-school debt means that many cannot afford to go into government or non-profit work,and that they have to work fearsomely hard.Reforming the system would help both lawyers and their customers.Sensible ideas have been around for a long time,but the state-level bodies that govern the profession have been too conservative to implement them.One idea is to allow people to study law as an undergraduate degree.Another is to let students sit for the bar after only two years of law school.If the bar exam is truly a stern enough test for a would-be lawyer,those who can sit it earlier should be allowed to do so.Students who do not need the extra training could cut their debt mountain by a third.The other reason why costs are so high is the restrictive guild-like ownership structure of the business.Except in the District of Columbia,non-lawyers may not own any share of a law firm.This keeps fees high and innovation slow.There is pressure for change from within the profession,but opponents of change among the regulators insist that keeping outsiders out of a law firm isolates lawyers from the pressure to make money rather than serve clients ethically.In fact,allowing non-lawyers to own shares in law firms would reduce costs and improve services to customers,by encouraging law firms to use technology and to employ professional managers to focus on improving firms’efficiency.After all,other countries,such as Australia and Britain,have started liberalizing their legal professions.America should follow.
Which of the following adds to the costs of legal education in most American states?A.Higher tuition fees for undergraduate studies.
B.Admissions approval from the bar association.
C.Pursuing a bachelor’s degree in another major.
D.Receiving training by professional associations.答案：B解析：推理判断根据题干问题及关键词the costs of legal education，我们可以回文定位到第三段。原文“a four-year undergraduate degree in some unrelated subject,then a three-year law degree at one of 200 law schools authorized by the American Bar Association and an expensive preparation for the bar exam.”即首先进行一些不相干学科的四年本科学位学习，然后在美国律师协会认可的200所法学院之一进行三年的法律学位学习，同时还要准备巨额的律师资格考试。选项B“Pursuing a bachelor’s degree in another major”正是对原文中“a four-year undergraduate degree in some unrelated subject”的同义替换，故为正确答案。而选项A“本科阶段学习高额的学费”，原文并未提及本科阶段学习费用的相关信息，故排除。选项C“律师协会的入学许可”，对应原文“then a three-year law degree at one of 200 law schools authorized by the American Bar Association and an expensive preparation for the bar exam”，原文表述的是律师协会认可的法律学校和准备考试的费用高，而不是入学许可，这属于典型的混淆概念。选项D“接受职业协会的培训”同样是文中未提及的信息，故排除。
考题
______ with the law is expected in the state.Any violation will put you into great trouble.
A.Compliance
B.Agreement
C.Balance
D.Obedience答案：A解析：本题考查近义词辨析。题目意为“该州要求人人守法。违法行为将带来巨大麻烦。”A选项“遵守，依从”，B选项“协议，同意”，C选项“平衡，相称”，D选项“服从，顺从”。 固定搭配In compliance with 顺从, 遵守, 依从。 compliance with the law遵纪守法。
考题
First name is used almost immediately by people from the United States and Great Britain.()此题为判断题(对，错)。正确答案：True解析：本句参考译文：英美人士几乎初次见面后很快就用名字称呼别人。【知识点来源：Unit
5】陈述与事实相符。英美国家人士普遍喜欢以名字称呼别人以示友好，这也是西方国家重视个体主义价值观的体现。与之不同的是，中国人往往以
“官衔、职称等+姓氏”称呼别人，认为这样才礼貌。
考题
All around the world,lawyers generate more hostility than the members of any other profession—with the possible exception of journalism.But there are few places where clients have more grounds for complaint than America.During the decade before the economic crisis,spending on legal services in America grew twice as fast as inflation.The best lawyers made skyscrapers-full of money,tempting ever more students to pile into law schools.But most law graduates never get a big-firm job.Many of them instead become the kind of nuisance-lawsuit filer that makes the tort system a costly nightmare.There are many reasons for this.One is the excessive costs of a legal education.There is just one path for a lawyer in most American states:a four-year undergraduate degree in some unrelated subject,then a three-year law degree at one of 200 law schools authorized by the American Bar Association and an expensive preparation for the bar exam.This leaves today’s average law-school graduate with$100,000 of debt on top of undergraduate debts.Law-school debt means that many cannot afford to go into government or non-profit work,and that they have to work fearsomely hard.Reforming the system would help both lawyers and their customers.Sensible ideas have been around for a long time,but the state-level bodies that govern the profession have been too conservative to implement them.One idea is to allow people to study law as an undergraduate degree.Another is to let students sit for the bar after only two years of law school.If the bar exam is truly a stern enough test for a would-be lawyer,those who can sit it earlier should be allowed to do so.Students who do not need the extra training could cut their debt mountain by a third.The other reason why costs are so high is the restrictive guild-like ownership structure of the business.Except in the District of Columbia,non-lawyers may not own any share of a law firm.This keeps fees high and innovation slow.There is pressure for change from within the profession,but opponents of change among the regulators insist that keeping outsiders out of a law firm isolates lawyers from the pressure to make money rather than serve clients ethically.In fact,allowing non-lawyers to own shares in law firms would reduce costs and improve services to customers,by encouraging law firms to use technology and to employ professional managers to focus on improving firms’efficiency.After all,other countries,such as Australia and Britain,have started liberalizing their legal professions.America should follow.
a lot of students take up law as their profession due toA.the growing demand from clients.
B.the increasing pressure of inflation.
C.the prospect of working in big firms.
D.the attraction of financial rewards.答案：D解析：事实细节根据题干关键词“students”和“take up law as their profession”，我们可以迅速定位到原文第二段第二句“The best lawyers made skyscrapers-full of money,tempting ever more students to pile into law schools.”即律师界的精英们收入丰厚，从而吸引更多的学生进入法学院。很明显吸引学生学法律的是money，即可直接得出正确答案为D。选项A“客户不断增长的需求”，文中并未提及相关信息，属于无中生有。选项B“通货膨胀不断增长的压力”，定位到原文中出现inflation的句子“During the decade before the economic crisis,spending on legal services in America grew twice as fast as inflation.”即经济危机前十年间，美国法律服务方面开销的增长速度是通货膨胀时期的两倍。这里的inflation（通货膨胀）只是作为一个对比时期，与选项表述的毫无关联。而选项C“在大公司就职的愿景”，回文定位“But most law graduates never get a big-firm job.”即“然而，大多数法律专业的毕业生并未能获得在大公司工作的机会。”选项表述的意思与原文正好相反，故排除。
考题
Text 2 All around the world,lawyers generate more hostility than the members of any other profession—with the possible exception of journalism.But there are few places where clients have more grounds for complaint than America.During the decade before the economic crisis,spending on legal services in America grew twice as fast as inflation.The best lawyers made skyscrapers-full of money,tempting ever more students to pile into law schools.But most law graduates never get a big-firm job.Many of them instead become the kind of nuisance-lawsuit filer that makes the tort system a costly nightmare.There are many reasons for this.One is the excessive costs of a legal education.There is just one path for a lawyer in most American states:a four-year undergraduate degree in some unrelated subject,then a three-year law degree at one of 200 law schools authorized by the American Bar Association and an expensive preparation for the bar exam.This leaves today’s average law-school graduate with$100,000 of debt on top of undergraduate debts.Law-school debt means that many cannot afford to go into government or non-profit work,and that they have to work fearsomely hard.Reforming the system would help both lawyers and their customers.Sensible ideas have been around for a long time,but the state-level bodies that govern the profession have been too conservative to implement them.One idea is to allow people to study law as an undergraduate degree.Another is to let students sit for the bar after only two years of law school.If the bar exam is truly a stern enough test for a would-be lawyer,those who can sit it earlier should be allowed to do so.Students who do not need the extra training could cut their debt mountain by a third.The other reason why costs are so high is the restrictive guild-like ownership structure of the business.Except in the District of Columbia,non-lawyers may not own any share of a law firm.This keeps fees high and innovation slow.There is pressure for change from within the profession,but opponents of change among the regulators insist that keeping outsiders out of a law firm isolates lawyers from the pressure to make money rather than serve clients ethically.In fact,allowing non-lawyers to own shares in law firms would reduce costs and improve services to customers,by encouraging law firms to use technology and to employ professional managers to focus on improving firms’efficiency.After all,other countries,such as Australia and Britain,have started liberalizing their legal professions.America should follow.30.In this text,the author mainly discussesA.flawed ownership of America’s law firms and its causes.
B.the factors that help make a successful lawyer in America.
C.a problem in America’s legal profession and solutions to it.
D.the role of undergraduate studies in America’s legal education.答案：C解析：主旨大意从文章整体结构来把握主旨大意。文章首先提出了美国法律行业的问题：巨额的法律服务费用。接着具体深入地分析了产生这种现象的原因，最后提出解决问题的方法策略。所以只要清楚把握文章结构，就可以很容易得出这道题的正确答案为选项C“美国律师行业的问题及应对策略”。而选项A和D只是文中提及的细节信息，选项B文中并未提及相关信息。
考题
单选题______ our great surprise, our company has made much more profit than we expected lastyear.A
ForB
InC
WithD
To正确答案：A解析：句意：让我们吃惊的是，我们公司的盈利大大超出了我们去年所预计的。本题考查固定搭配。to one’s surprise是固定用法，表示“让某人吃惊的是……”。因此D项正确。
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The United Kingdom ____ Great Britain and Northern Ireland.A、is consisted ofB、consists ofC、consist ofD、consisting of参考答案：B
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单选题The number of speakers of English in Shakespeare’s time is
estimated (估计) to have been about five million. Today it is estimated that some
260 million people speak it as a native language, mainly in the United States,
Canada, Great Britain, Ireland, South Africa, Australia and New Zealand. In
addition to the standard varieties of English found in these areas, there are a
great many regional and social varieties of the language as well as various
levels of usage that are employed both in its spoken and written
forms. In fact, it is impossible to estimate the number
of people in the world who have acquired an adequate (足够的) working knowledge of
English in addition to their own languages. The purpose for English learning and
the situations in which such learning takes place are so varied that it is
difficult to explain and still more difficult to judge what forms an adequate
working knowledge for each situation. The main reason
for the widespread demand for English is its present-day importance as a world
language. Besides serving the indefinite needs of its native speakers, English
is a language in which some of important works in science, technology, and other
fields are being produced, and not always by native speakers. It is widely used
for such purposes as meteorological and airport communications, international
conferences, and the spread of information over the radio and television
networks of many nations. It is a language of wider communication for a number
of developing countries, especially former British colonies. Many of these
countries have multilingual populations and need a language for internal
communication in such matters as government, commerce, industry, law and
education as well as for international communication and for entrance to the
scientific and technological developments in the West.What type of developing countries would be most likely to use EnglishA
Those geographically close to the United States.B
Those interested in the culture of the United States.C
Former colonies of Great Britain.D
Countries where international conferences are held.正确答案：A解析：[解析] 细节题。根据文章最后一段倒数第2句可推知此题答案为C。
考题
（）is composed of six Irish counties that elected to remain in the union with Great Britain.正确答案:Northern Ireland
