00522英语国家概况

In face of the rising cost for higher education,fields of graduate study that are favored by students are those that（）A、offer greater professional satisfactionB、make graduates more easily employedC、offer easy enrollmentD、offer more rewarding jobs in terms

题目

In face of the rising cost for higher education,fields of graduate study that are favored by students are those that（）

  • A、offer greater professional satisfaction
  • B、make graduates more easily employed
  • C、offer easy enrollment
  • D、offer more rewarding jobs in terms of payment
参考答案和解析
正确答案:D
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相似问题和答案

第1题：

What is not the disadvantage of the Western system of education?

A、Students learn more math and science.

B、Students study more hours each day and more days each year.

C、Students cannot think themselves.

D、Students haven’t studied as many basic rules and facts as students in other countries on high school graduation.


参考答案：ABC

第2题：

A fair comparison of your offer with()of other suppliers shows that their figures are more favorable.

A、what

B、which

C、this

D、that


参考答案：D

第3题：

D

The Cost of Higher Education

Individuals (个人) should pay for their higher education.

A university education is of huge and direct benefit to the individual. Graduates earn more than non-graduates. Meanwhile, social mobility is ever more dependent on having a degree. However, only some people have it. So the individual, not the taxpayers, should pay for it. There are pressing calls on the resources (资源) of the government. Using taxpayers' money to help a small number of people to earn high incomes in the future is not one of them.

Full government funding (资助) is not very good for universities. Adam Smith worked in a Scottish university whose teachers lived off student fees. He knew and looked down upon 18th-century Oxford, where the academics lived comfortably off the income received from the government. Guaranteed salaries, Smith argued, were the enemy of hard work; and when the academics were lazy and incompetent, the students were similarly lazy.

If students have to pay for their education, they not only work harder, but also demand more from their teachers. And their teachers have to keep them satisfied. If that means taking teaching seriously, and giving less time to their own research interests, that is surely something to celebrate.

Many people believe that higher education should be free because it is good for the economy (经济). Many graduates clearly do contribute to national wealth, but so do all the businesses that invest (投资) and create jobs. If you believe that the government should pay for higher education because graduates are economically productive, you should also believe that the government should pay part of business costs. Anyone promising to create jobs should receive a gift of capital from the government to invest. Therefore, it is the individual, not the government, who should pay for their university education.

68. The underlined word "them" in Paragraph 2 refers to

A. taxpayers

B. pressing calls

C. college graduates

D. government resources


正确答案：B

第4题：

Governments are keen on higher eclucation,seeing it as a means to boost social mobility and economic growth.Almost all subsidise tuition-in America,to the tune of$200bn a year.But they tend to overestimate the benefits and ignore the costs of expanding university education.Often,public money just feeds the arms race for qualifications.As more young people seek degrees,the returns both to them and to governments are lower.Employers demand degrees for jobs that never required them in the past and have not become more demanding since.Spending on universities is usually justified by the"graduate premium"-the increase in earnings that graduates enjoy over non-graduates.These individual gains,the thinking goes,add up to an economic boost for society as a whole.But the graduate premium is a flawed unit of reckoning.Part of the usefulness of a degree is that it gives a graduate jobseeker an advantage at the expense of non-graduates.It is also a signal to employers of general qualities that someone already has in order to get into a university.Some professions require qualifications.But a degree is not always the best measure of the skills and knowledge needed for a job.With degrees so common,recruiters are using them as a crude way to screen applicants.Non-graduates are thus increasingly locked out of decent work.In any case,the premium counts only the winners and not the losers.Across the rich world,a third of university entrants never graduate.It is the weakest students who are drawn in as higher education expands ancl who are most likely LO drop out.They pay fees and sacrifice earnings to study,but see little boost iii thcir future incomes.When dropouts are includecl,the expected financial return to starting a degree for the weakest studcnts dwindles to almost nothing.Governments need to offer the young a wider range of options after school.They should start by rethinking their own hiring practices.Most insist on degrees for public-sector jobs that used to be done by non-graduates.Instead they should seek other ways for non-graduates to prove they have the right skills and to get more on-the-job training.School-Ieavers should be given a wider variety o:[ways to gain vocational skills and to demonstrate their employability in the private sector.lf school qualifications were made more rigorous,recruiters would be more likely to trust them as signals of ability.and less insistent on degrees."Micro-credentials"-short,work-focused courses approved by big employers in fast-growing fields,such as IT-show promise.Such measures would be more efficient at developing the skills that boost productivity and should save public money.To promote social mobility,governments should direct funds to early-school education and to helping students who would benefit from university but cannot afford it.Young people,both rich and poor,are ill-served by the academic arms race,in which each must study longer because that is what all the rest are doing.It is time to disarm.
Which of the following can be inferred from Paragraph 4?

A.Universities should prove their value to the public.
B.Dropout raies will fall as higher education expands.
C.It's unwise to draw the weakest students into higher education.
D.It's time for universities to lower the graduation requirements.

答案：C
解析：
第四段③句指出“高等教育的扩张吸纳的是那些最弱的学生，也是最有可能辍学的学生”，④⑤句进一步指出“这些学生付出巨大，却几乎看不到未来收入的增长；如果考虑到其中的辍学者，则让这部分学生上大学所能获得的收益几乎为零”。可见C.是对这些信息的概括推理。[解题技巧]A.利用④⑤句干扰，但该内容意在强调“对最弱的学生来说，上大学的价值并不大”，并非在说明“大学本身的价值受到质疑”，更未提到“大学需要证明其价值”。B.与③句相悖：由“被高等教育扩张所拉入的是那些最弱的学生，而这部分学生最有可能辍学”可推知“高等教育的扩张更有可能造成辍学率的增加”。D.对②句过度推导，“三分之一的大学入学者无法毕业”并不能说明“大学应降低对毕业的要求”，且由下文可知，其根源是“高等教育的扩张”．而非“毕业要求过高”。

第5题：

Passage Two

Questions 26 to 30 are based on the following passage.

Online learning is also called distance education, which helps students who take classes by computer over the Internet to learn certain courses and earn a degree. And it has become more and more popular with both young people and educational institutions.

The School of Continuing and Professional Studies of New York University in Manhattan began online classes in 1992. Its Virtual School has taught more than 10,000 students from across the United States and other countries.

Last year，the school launched NYU Online. It offers NYU's first online Programs for a bachelor's degree. Programs are offered in three areas; leadership And management, information systems management and social sciences. The classes are highly interactive where students communicate with each other and their teachers. Some classes require students to log in at the same time so they can attend live lectures by a professor Students can also ask questions and work together on team projects.

The cost to attend NYU Online depends on how many classes a student is to take It costs as much as fifteen thousand dollars a year. NYU offers no financial aid for international students in this program. If you are interested in the program, you can gel more details at the website: www..nyu.edu. Many other schools, too, offer online education. Students should be especially careful of programs that offer a degree in return for little or no work. These are known as diploma mills, and are illegal in the United States.

Educational advisers also say that before you enter any program, make sure the work will be recognized in your country. You should also make sure the schools you are considering are officially approved.

26. The third paragraph is mainly about the __ of the programs of the School.

A. academic goal and system

B. courses and learning mode

C. learning methods and classes

D. courses and requirements


正确答案：B

第6题：

Unfortunately we cannot accept your offer. Your prices are ().

A、up-to-roof

B、countless

C、prohibitive

D、more high


参考答案：C

第7题：

make sb an offer(英译中)


参考答案：向某人报盘

第8题：

Computers and mobile phones, playgh they are indeed making our life__________ and more ________have reduced the need for face-to-face cotyr unication.

A.easily;effienenl

B.easy,efficient

C.easy;efficiently

D.easily;efficiently


正确答案：B

第9题：

Governments are keen on higher eclucation,seeing it as a means to boost social mobility and economic growth.Almost all subsidise tuition-in America,to the tune of$200bn a year.But they tend to overestimate the benefits and ignore the costs of expanding university education.Often,public money just feeds the arms race for qualifications.As more young people seek degrees,the returns both to them and to governments are lower.Employers demand degrees for jobs that never required them in the past and have not become more demanding since.Spending on universities is usually justified by the"graduate premium"-the increase in earnings that graduates enjoy over non-graduates.These individual gains,the thinking goes,add up to an economic boost for society as a whole.But the graduate premium is a flawed unit of reckoning.Part of the usefulness of a degree is that it gives a graduate jobseeker an advantage at the expense of non-graduates.It is also a signal to employers of general qualities that someone already has in order to get into a university.Some professions require qualifications.But a degree is not always the best measure of the skills and knowledge needed for a job.With degrees so common,recruiters are using them as a crude way to screen applicants.Non-graduates are thus increasingly locked out of decent work.In any case,the premium counts only the winners and not the losers.Across the rich world,a third of university entrants never graduate.It is the weakest students who are drawn in as higher education expands ancl who are most likely LO drop out.They pay fees and sacrifice earnings to study,but see little boost iii thcir future incomes.When dropouts are includecl,the expected financial return to starting a degree for the weakest studcnts dwindles to almost nothing.Governments need to offer the young a wider range of options after school.They should start by rethinking their own hiring practices.Most insist on degrees for public-sector jobs that used to be done by non-graduates.Instead they should seek other ways for non-graduates to prove they have the right skills and to get more on-the-job training.School-Ieavers should be given a wider variety o:[ways to gain vocational skills and to demonstrate their employability in the private sector.lf school qualifications were made more rigorous,recruiters would be more likely to trust them as signals of ability.and less insistent on degrees."Micro-credentials"-short,work-focused courses approved by big employers in fast-growing fields,such as IT-show promise.Such measures would be more efficient at developing the skills that boost productivity and should save public money.To promote social mobility,governments should direct funds to early-school education and to helping students who would benefit from university but cannot afford it.Young people,both rich and poor,are ill-served by the academic arms race,in which each must study longer because that is what all the rest are doing.It is time to disarm.
The underlined sentence（Para.3）most probably means that

A.the value of university education is not limited to income increases.
B.university education could barely improve students'general qualities,
C.a college degree is not always a guarantee of professional knowledge.
D.spending on universities does not necessarily boost economic growth.

答案：D
解析：
第三段①②句介绍一种观点：投资大学教育能获得毕业生溢价（大学学位可带来更高收入），其合力结果是促进整个社会的经济发展。划线句指出，但毕业生溢价这一计算单位是有缺陷的。下文则指出：学位不一定是衡量工作所需技能和知识的最好方式，而学位普及会使得雇主用其粗暴筛选求职者，非毕业生难以找到体面工作。可见划线句为作者观点的集中体现，批驳前文观点，引领后文论证．D.能实现这一功能，故正确。[解题技巧]A.将第三段①句结合相关认知“大学教育的价值不仅在于获得更高收入”设置干扰，但偏离随后论述。B.将⑤句“雇主观点：学位体现一个人的综合素质”篡改为“作者观点：大学教育不能提高学生的综合素质”。C.为⑦句信息，但该句是在用“学位不一定是专业知识的保证”论证“唯学位论的缺陷”，进而明确作者观点“扩张大学教育并不能促进整个社会的经济发展”（即：⑦句／选项只是用来论证划线句，并非与其同义）。

第10题：

Governments are keen on higher eclucation,seeing it as a means to boost social mobility and economic growth.Almost all subsidise tuition-in America,to the tune of$200bn a year.But they tend to overestimate the benefits and ignore the costs of expanding university education.Often,public money just feeds the arms race for qualifications.As more young people seek degrees,the returns both to them and to governments are lower.Employers demand degrees for jobs that never required them in the past and have not become more demanding since.Spending on universities is usually justified by the"graduate premium"-the increase in earnings that graduates enjoy over non-graduates.These individual gains,the thinking goes,add up to an economic boost for society as a whole.But the graduate premium is a flawed unit of reckoning.Part of the usefulness of a degree is that it gives a graduate jobseeker an advantage at the expense of non-graduates.It is also a signal to employers of general qualities that someone already has in order to get into a university.Some professions require qualifications.But a degree is not always the best measure of the skills and knowledge needed for a job.With degrees so common,recruiters are using them as a crude way to screen applicants.Non-graduates are thus increasingly locked out of decent work.In any case,the premium counts only the winners and not the losers.Across the rich world,a third of university entrants never graduate.It is the weakest students who are drawn in as higher education expands ancl who are most likely LO drop out.They pay fees and sacrifice earnings to study,but see little boost iii thcir future incomes.When dropouts are includecl,the expected financial return to starting a degree for the weakest studcnts dwindles to almost nothing.Governments need to offer the young a wider range of options after school.They should start by rethinking their own hiring practices.Most insist on degrees for public-sector jobs that used to be done by non-graduates.Instead they should seek other ways for non-graduates to prove they have the right skills and to get more on-the-job training.School-Ieavers should be given a wider variety o:[ways to gain vocational skills and to demonstrate their employability in the private sector.lf school qualifications were made more rigorous,recruiters would be more likely to trust them as signals of ability.and less insistent on degrees."Micro-credentials"-short,work-focused courses approved by big employers in fast-growing fields,such as IT-show promise.Such measures would be more efficient at developing the skills that boost productivity and should save public money.To promote social mobility,governments should direct funds to early-school education and to helping students who would benefit from university but cannot afford it.Young people,both rich and poor,are ill-served by the academic arms race,in which each must study longer because that is what all the rest are doing.It is time to disarm.
Which is the most efficient way to improve the society?

A.Setting up vocational training courses in universities.
B.Increasing investment in early-school education.
C.Financing higher education to include both the rich and the poor.
D.Subsidizing students to study longer to achieve academic success.

答案：B
解析：
第七段②句指出，为了促进社会流动，政府应将资金投入到早期学校教育，B.正确。[解题技巧]A.利用第六段①句干扰，但该内容意在强调“为中学毕业生（未上大学者）提供职业培训”，而非强调“在大学设置职业课程”。C.错误理解第七段②句helping students.cannot afford it以及③句both rich and poor.…，该内容强调“应资助那些能从大学中受益、但负担不起的人”以及“无论穷富，年轻人都受困于学历竞赛”，并非“应资助所有人上大学”。且根据本文核心观点“反对一味扩张大学教育”也可排除这一选项。D.与第七段③④句“年轻人被学历上的军备竞赛所困扰，每个人要花费更长时间求学，是时候停止这种竞争了”相悖。

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