GMAT

单选题One of the biggest threats to a company’s productivity is absenteeism. Studies have shown that companieswith in-house childcare programs see fewer absences among their employees who are parents than companies without such programs. Therefore, many comp

题目

单选题One of the biggest threats to a company’s productivity is absenteeism. Studies have shown that companieswith in-house childcare programs see fewer absences among their employees who are parents than companies without such programs. Therefore, many companies could boost their productivity by starting in-house childcare programs.　 Which of the following, if true, most weakens the above argument?A Companies that reimburse outside childcare programs actually see less absenteeism among working parents than companies within·house programs.B In-house childcare programs create distractions for nonparents that cart harm their productivity.C Absenteeism is not a serious problem for companies that impose harsh penalties on employees who miss work.D Studies have shown that employees with children are more likely than those without children to remain in the same job for more than five years.E Potential employees generally view companies with in-house childcare programs as more desirable places to work than companies without such programs.

参考答案和解析
正确答案： B
解析：
推断中提到，育儿项目帮助有孩子的家长解决了后顾之忧，提高了生产率，B项提出了育儿项目的缺点，这些缺点会使公司生产率降低，故本题选B项。
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相似问题和答案

第1题：

Children in the United States are exposed to many influences other than that of their families. Television is the most significant of these influences, because the habit of watching television usually begins before children start attending school.

Parents are concerned about the lack of quality in television programs for children. The degree of violence in many of these shows also worries them. Studies indicate that, when children are exposed to violence, they may become aggressive or insecure.

Parents are also concerned about the commercials (商业广告) that their children see on television. Many parents would like to see fewer commercials during programs for children. And some parents feel that these shows should not have any commercials at all because young minds are not mature enough to deal with the claims made by advertisers.

Educational television has no commercials and has programs for children that many parents approve of. The most famous of these is Sesame Street, which tries to give preschool children a head start in learning the alphabet (字母) and numbers. It also tries to teach children useful things about the world in which they live.

Even though most parents and educators give Sesame Street and shows like it high marks for quality, some critics argue that all television, whether educational or not, is harmful to children. These critics feel that the habit of watching hours of television every day turns children into bored and passive (被动的) consumers of their world rather than encouraging them to become active explorers of it

1). Which of the following statements is not based on the passage?

A. Parents are worried about the influence from television on their children.

B. Television has much influence on children.

C. Both parents and their children like watching educational television.

D. Some critics think that television is no good for children.

2). In what ways do children suffer from television?

A. They become the victims of social violence.

B. They spend hours watching television instead of doing school work.

C. The programs make the children lose interest in the world.

D. The programs make the children spend too much of their parents’ money.

3). Parents would not like their children to see commercials because ______

A. they think that their children are not old enough to handle advertising

B. commercials teach children alphabet and numbers

C. commercials help to sell products

D. they don’t like commercials

4). Educational television is widely appreciated because _____

A. it does have the same commercials as others

B. it offers programs for both children and their parents

C. many parents like the programs it offers for their children

D. children can learn some school subjects before they go to school

5). Which of the following can best serve as the title of the passage?

A. Watching Too Much Television Is Harmful to Young Minds.

B. Television Is More Harmful than Educational.

C. Television’s Influence on Children.

D. More Education Television.


正确答案：1.C2.A3.A4.D5.A

第2题：

Text 3 Employees are often said to be a company's biggest resource.It is equally true that they are its biggest liability.Scarcely a week goes by without a company falling victim to employees-turned-cnemies-or-embarrassments.The most familiar type of enemy within is the fraudster.The Economist Intelligence Unit conducts a regular poll of senior executives on the subject of fraud committed by insiders.Two year ago the poll discovered that about 70%of companies had suffered from at least one instance of fraud,up from 61%in the previous survey.Fraud is often petty.But fraud can also be more harmful:think of former employees setting up rivals using stolen technology and purloined client lists.Even more dangerous is the vandal.Thieves at least have a rational motive.Vandals are driven by a desire for revenge that can know no limit.A company that specialises in corporate investigation gives a detailed account of the story of a British manufacturing company that was under restructuring.A member of the infonnation technology department discovered that his name was on the list of people whose services would no longer be required.He built a"backdoor"into the company's IT system from his home computer and set about causing damage.What can companies do to reduce the threat from these wolves in sheep's clothing?A lot depends on which particular sorts ofwolves you are dealing with.Yet three principles are always worth bearing in mind.The first is that firms need to focus on the people who have the greatest capacity to do harm-those who control the money and information.The more complicated companies become,the harder it is to identify where power really lies.But one thing is clear.The more dependent on information firms get,the more IT specialists can compromise the whole business.The least companies can do is to keep a careful watch on the IT department.The second is that the human touch is still invaluable.Companies can certainly strengthen their hand by installing software that can identify unusual behaviour or monitor e-mail,or by employing professionals to double-check the accounts.The best way to avoid these problems is to treat our employees with respect.The biggest problem with trying to do more with less is that you can end up tuming your biggest resources into your biggest liabilities.
According to the case in Paragraph 3,we learn that____

A.thieves will revenge without limits
B.specialists are undergoing danger in restructuring
C.IT department might let out secrets to employees
D.some employees deliberately cause damage to companies

答案：D
解析：
事实细节题。根据定位词定位到第三段第三句Vandals are driven by a desire for revenge（破坏分子的动机是进行报复），故D项为正确选项。【干扰排除】A项“盗贼会无节制地报复”，这里的小偷指上一段提到的盗取信息者，他们一般不会无节制地报复，会无节制报复的是vandals（破坏分子），所以A项可排除；B项“专家们在重组的过程中正经历危险”，这段话中提到的案例是专家给出的例子，专家没有参与这个公司的重建，B项属于拼凑原文的信息，可排除；C项，文章中说的是IT部门的一名员工蓄意实施破坏行为，而非IT部门泄密给员工，所以C项可排除。

第3题：

Most companies expect IT (Information Technology) managers to head an IT staff of computer technicians. But IT managers can also specialize in other areas. Some managers may also be responsible for keeping their company’s Internet safety. They protect both their company and their online customers from thieves.

Other managers focus more on the business rather than the technical part of computing. They become project managers, helping companies reach as many online customers as possible.

Some companies also look for IT managers who can act as trainers. These trainers help a company’s computer technicians keep up-to-date on computer skills.

Most companies require their IT managers to have both a bachelor’s degree and some experience in the computer field. Often, companies hire IT managers out of their existing staff of computer technicians.

Since IT managers are extremely important to companies’ success, it’s no surprise that they receive such high salaries – around US $56,000 a year to start with. And, in such a fast-changing field,

managers’ salaries usually increase after only a couple of years.

The world will be watching to see just how quickly e-commerce replaces the old ways of doing business. And as computers change the way the world does business, IT managers will be in the middle of it all. Few companies can survive without them.

Besides being the leader of computer technicians, IT managers are also expected to be ________.

(A) experienced product designers

(B) skilled online technicians

(C) doctorate holders

(D) online safety specialists


正确答案：D

第4题：

Text 3 Employees are often said to be a company's biggest resource.It is equally true that they are its biggest liability.Scarcely a week goes by without a company falling victim to employees-turned-cnemies-or-embarrassments.The most familiar type of enemy within is the fraudster.The Economist Intelligence Unit conducts a regular poll of senior executives on the subject of fraud committed by insiders.Two year ago the poll discovered that about 70%of companies had suffered from at least one instance of fraud,up from 61%in the previous survey.Fraud is often petty.But fraud can also be more harmful:think of former employees setting up rivals using stolen technology and purloined client lists.Even more dangerous is the vandal.Thieves at least have a rational motive.Vandals are driven by a desire for revenge that can know no limit.A company that specialises in corporate investigation gives a detailed account of the story of a British manufacturing company that was under restructuring.A member of the infonnation technology department discovered that his name was on the list of people whose services would no longer be required.He built a"backdoor"into the company's IT system from his home computer and set about causing damage.What can companies do to reduce the threat from these wolves in sheep's clothing?A lot depends on which particular sorts ofwolves you are dealing with.Yet three principles are always worth bearing in mind.The first is that firms need to focus on the people who have the greatest capacity to do harm-those who control the money and information.The more complicated companies become,the harder it is to identify where power really lies.But one thing is clear.The more dependent on information firms get,the more IT specialists can compromise the whole business.The least companies can do is to keep a careful watch on the IT department.The second is that the human touch is still invaluable.Companies can certainly strengthen their hand by installing software that can identify unusual behaviour or monitor e-mail,or by employing professionals to double-check the accounts.The best way to avoid these problems is to treat our employees with respect.The biggest problem with trying to do more with less is that you can end up tuming your biggest resources into your biggest liabilities.
The word"liability"（Para.1）suggests_____

A.employees may cause problems to the company
B.employees are the fortune of the company
C.some employees are embarrassed by the company
D.the company can rely entirely on employees

答案：A
解析：
词汇理解题。根据定位词定位到第一段第二句。第一段说到员工是企业最重要的资源，但是随后提到员工倒戈或让企业蒙羞的事件发生，所以liability-词表明员工会给企业带来麻烦，故A项为正确选项。【干扰排除】B项“员工是公司的财富”，第一句说到员工是resources（资源），但It is equally true that...（同样也是……）以及后面提到的问题，表明这里应当是相反的含义；C项“公司让一些员工感到尴尬”，第三句所指的是有的员工使公司尴尬，而不是公司让员工尴尬；D项是一个混淆选项，原文中并没有提到公司依赖员工，而且entirely过于绝对。

第5题：

Text 3 Employees are often said to be a company's biggest resource.It is equally true that they are its biggest liability.Scarcely a week goes by without a company falling victim to employees-turned-cnemies-or-embarrassments.The most familiar type of enemy within is the fraudster.The Economist Intelligence Unit conducts a regular poll of senior executives on the subject of fraud committed by insiders.Two year ago the poll discovered that about 70%of companies had suffered from at least one instance of fraud,up from 61%in the previous survey.Fraud is often petty.But fraud can also be more harmful:think of former employees setting up rivals using stolen technology and purloined client lists.Even more dangerous is the vandal.Thieves at least have a rational motive.Vandals are driven by a desire for revenge that can know no limit.A company that specialises in corporate investigation gives a detailed account of the story of a British manufacturing company that was under restructuring.A member of the infonnation technology department discovered that his name was on the list of people whose services would no longer be required.He built a"backdoor"into the company's IT system from his home computer and set about causing damage.What can companies do to reduce the threat from these wolves in sheep's clothing?A lot depends on which particular sorts ofwolves you are dealing with.Yet three principles are always worth bearing in mind.The first is that firms need to focus on the people who have the greatest capacity to do harm-those who control the money and information.The more complicated companies become,the harder it is to identify where power really lies.But one thing is clear.The more dependent on information firms get,the more IT specialists can compromise the whole business.The least companies can do is to keep a careful watch on the IT department.The second is that the human touch is still invaluable.Companies can certainly strengthen their hand by installing software that can identify unusual behaviour or monitor e-mail,or by employing professionals to double-check the accounts.The best way to avoid these problems is to treat our employees with respect.The biggest problem with trying to do more with less is that you can end up tuming your biggest resources into your biggest liabilities.
The text mainly discusses_____

A.ways to avoid the enemy within
B.hidden thieves in IT department
C.control the power of specialists
D.the best way to manage company staff

答案：A
解析：
主旨大意题。本文从介绍公司员工的潜在危险，到危险员工的分类，再到对付危险员工的三大原则。所以A项最能概括全文。【干扰排除】B项“隐藏在IT部门的盗贼”，片面地概括了文章的内容；C项“控制专家们的权力”，这是防止内鬼的办法之一，但并不全面；D项“管理公司员工的最好方式”，不能全面概括文意。

第6题：

根据下列内容，回答181-185题。
For the first century or so of the Industrial Revolution, increased productivity led to decreasesin working hours. A generation ago social planners worried about what people would do with all thisnew-found free time. In the US, at least, it seems they need not have bothered.
Although the output per hour of work has more than doubled since 1945, leisure (freetime)seems reserved largely for the unemployed. Those who work full-time spend as much time on thejob as they did at the end of World War II. In fact, working hours have increased noticeably since1970.
There are several reasons for lost leisure. Since 1979,companies have responded toimprovements in the business climate by having employees work overtime rather than by hiringextra personnel. Most increased production doesn't relate to the employment. Some firms are evendownsizing as their profits climb. It's more profitable to ask 40 employees to labor an extra houreach than to hire one more worker to do the same 40-hour job.
Although employees complain about long hours, they, too, have reasons not to trade moneyfor leisure. People who work reduced hours pay a huge price in career terms. It's taken as anegative (负面的 ) signal about their commitment to the firm. Many managers find it difficult tomeasure the contribution of their staff to a firm's well-being, so they use the number of workinghours instead of the output to evaluate the employees. Well aware of this, employees adjust theirbehavior accordingly.
It may take some time before workers can successfully trade increased productivity and moneyfor leisure time. The reality is that the U.S. market for goods has focused on fulltime, two-careerhouseholds. Car makers no longer produce cheap models, and developers do not build the tinybungalows that served the first postwar generation of house seekers.
In a word, in U.S., goods are appropriate only for high incomes and long hours.
What was the result of the industrial revolution?__________

A.Less working time.
B.More unemployment.
C.Fewer factories.
D.More jobs.

答案：A
解析：
文章第一段开头直接说明工业革命导致了工作时间的减少。

第7题：

Text 3 Employees are often said to be a company's biggest resource.It is equally true that they are its biggest liability.Scarcely a week goes by without a company falling victim to employees-turned-cnemies-or-embarrassments.The most familiar type of enemy within is the fraudster.The Economist Intelligence Unit conducts a regular poll of senior executives on the subject of fraud committed by insiders.Two year ago the poll discovered that about 70%of companies had suffered from at least one instance of fraud,up from 61%in the previous survey.Fraud is often petty.But fraud can also be more harmful:think of former employees setting up rivals using stolen technology and purloined client lists.Even more dangerous is the vandal.Thieves at least have a rational motive.Vandals are driven by a desire for revenge that can know no limit.A company that specialises in corporate investigation gives a detailed account of the story of a British manufacturing company that was under restructuring.A member of the infonnation technology department discovered that his name was on the list of people whose services would no longer be required.He built a"backdoor"into the company's IT system from his home computer and set about causing damage.What can companies do to reduce the threat from these wolves in sheep's clothing?A lot depends on which particular sorts ofwolves you are dealing with.Yet three principles are always worth bearing in mind.The first is that firms need to focus on the people who have the greatest capacity to do harm-those who control the money and information.The more complicated companies become,the harder it is to identify where power really lies.But one thing is clear.The more dependent on information firms get,the more IT specialists can compromise the whole business.The least companies can do is to keep a careful watch on the IT department.The second is that the human touch is still invaluable.Companies can certainly strengthen their hand by installing software that can identify unusual behaviour or monitor e-mail,or by employing professionals to double-check the accounts.The best way to avoid these problems is to treat our employees with respect.The biggest problem with trying to do more with less is that you can end up tuming your biggest resources into your biggest liabilities.
Companies should bear in mind that_____

A.people with the greatest capacity should control the money
B.it's better to compromise with IT department
C.IT specialists should be carefully watched
D.power should be identified to different departments

答案：C
解析：
事实细节题。根据定位词定位到第五段最后一句。该句提到keep a careful watch on the IT department（仔细留意IT部门）．故C项“应当小心防范IT专家”为正确选项。【干扰排除】A项，根据原文第五段第二句the peopleWho have the greatest capacity to do harm-those who control the money and informaiion（那些最有能力损害企业利益的员工，也就是那些掌握财务和信息的人），而并非让他们掌控财政．A项可排除；B项“最好与IT部门妥协”，原文第五段第五句提到the more IT specialists can compromise the whole business（IT专家对整个企业造成的危害就越大），此处compromise是“危害”的意思；D项，原文第五段第三句说The more complicated companies become，the harder it is to identify where power really lies（企业架构越复杂，查明权力掌握在谁手中就越困难）．并不是说权力应当分到不同的部门。

第8题：

Part B

Directions: Read the following text carefully and then translate the underlined segments into Chinese. Your translation should be written clearly on ANSWER SHEET 2.

As part of more comprehensive compliance and ethics programs, many companies have formulated internal policies pertaining to the ethical conduct of employees. These policies can be simple exhortations in broad, highly-generalized language (typically called a corporate ethics statement) , or they can be more detailed policies, containing specific behavioral requirements (typically called corporate ethics codes). 61) They are generally meant to identify the company' s expectations of workers and to offer guidance on handling some of the more common ethical problems that might a-rise in the course of doing business. 62) It is hoped that having such a policy will lead to greater ethical awareness, consistency in application, and the avoidance of ethical disasters.

63) An increasing number of companies also requires employees to attend seminars regarding business conduct, which often include discussion of the company's policies, specific case studies, and legal requirements. Some companies even require their employees to sign agreements stating that they will abide by the company' s rules of conduct.

Many companies are assessing the environmental factors that can lead employees to engage in unethical conduct. A competitive business environment may call for unethical behavior. Lying has become expected in fields such as trading. An example of this are the issues surrounding the unethical actions of the Saloman Brothers.

Not everyone supports corporate policies that govern ethical conduct. Some claim that ethical problems are better dealt with by depending upon employees to use their own judgment.

Others believe that corporate ethics policies are primarily rooted in utilitarian concerns, and that they are mainly to limit the company' s legal liability, or to curry public favor by giving the appearance of being a good corporate citizen. Ideally, the company will avoid a lawsuit because its employees will follow the rules. 64) Should a lawsuit occur, the company can claim that the problem would not have arisen if the employee had only followed the code properly.

Sometimes there is disconnection between the company' s code of ethics and the company' s actual practices. 65) Thus, whether or not such conduct is explicitly sanctioned by management, at worst, this makes the policy duplicitous (搞两面派的), and, at best, it is merely a marketing tool.

(61)


正确答案：它们的目的是在处理一些在做业务过程中可能出现的更普遍的伦理问题时确定公司对员工的预期并提供指导。
它们的目的是，在处理一些在做业务过程中可能出现的更普遍的伦理问题时，确定公司对员工的预期并提供指导。 解析：该句是带有定语从句的动词不定式作状语句子，ethical problems后是修饰其的定语从句。be meant to意为目的，打算。

第9题：

Text 3 Employees are often said to be a company's biggest resource.It is equally true that they are its biggest liability.Scarcely a week goes by without a company falling victim to employees-turned-cnemies-or-embarrassments.The most familiar type of enemy within is the fraudster.The Economist Intelligence Unit conducts a regular poll of senior executives on the subject of fraud committed by insiders.Two year ago the poll discovered that about 70%of companies had suffered from at least one instance of fraud,up from 61%in the previous survey.Fraud is often petty.But fraud can also be more harmful:think of former employees setting up rivals using stolen technology and purloined client lists.Even more dangerous is the vandal.Thieves at least have a rational motive.Vandals are driven by a desire for revenge that can know no limit.A company that specialises in corporate investigation gives a detailed account of the story of a British manufacturing company that was under restructuring.A member of the infonnation technology department discovered that his name was on the list of people whose services would no longer be required.He built a"backdoor"into the company's IT system from his home computer and set about causing damage.What can companies do to reduce the threat from these wolves in sheep's clothing?A lot depends on which particular sorts ofwolves you are dealing with.Yet three principles are always worth bearing in mind.The first is that firms need to focus on the people who have the greatest capacity to do harm-those who control the money and information.The more complicated companies become,the harder it is to identify where power really lies.But one thing is clear.The more dependent on information firms get,the more IT specialists can compromise the whole business.The least companies can do is to keep a careful watch on the IT department.The second is that the human touch is still invaluable.Companies can certainly strengthen their hand by installing software that can identify unusual behaviour or monitor e-mail,or by employing professionals to double-check the accounts.The best way to avoid these problems is to treat our employees with respect.The biggest problem with trying to do more with less is that you can end up tuming your biggest resources into your biggest liabilities.
The study conducted by the Economist Intelligence Unit informs us that_____

A.many companies are stolen by thieves
B.a large number of companies suffer from liars
C.senior executives are more likely to commit fraud
D.rivals will steal technology and client lists

答案：B
解析：
事实细节题。根据定位词定位到第二段第二句和第三句。题目问的是经济学人智库的调查表明了什么，第二段第三句指出约有70%的企业至少遭受一例诈骗事件，故B项为正确选项。【干扰排除】A项“很多公司被小偷给盗取了”，原文中提到thieves（小偷），是指有的员工做了内鬼，盗取公司的资料等，并非公司真的被小偷盗窃；C项“企业高层更有可能进行诈骗”，此处企业高层是受调查的对象，而不是施行诈骗的人；D项“竞争对手会偷走技术和客户名单”，实际上偷走技术和客户信息的是本企业前员工，所以D项排除。

第10题：

资料：Workforce planning helps an organization to estimate its future workforce requirements and calculate the numbers, nature and sources of potential employees who might meet that demand.
Effective workforce planning helps companies identify and plan how to tackle their current and future workforce challenges and priorities. It provides a sound basis for developing an effective workforce strategy.
An easy way of thinking about workforce planning it to get the right number of people, with the right skills, in the right place, at the right time. For our company, the right people will be those with relevant skills and capabilities to drive the company forward this year, next year and future years. Our company then provides training and development opportunities that enable people to enhance their skill sets and build their careers. This gives the company the continued benefit of experienced,committed and well-trained employees.
Like other established companies,we may have a large number of long-standing employees with vast skills and experience. However, as people retire, it needs to replace those skills. Careful monitoring is essential to examine the age and skills profile of the workforce when compared with present and future company needs. This ensures the business can meet its objective.

Who may be the potential employees of the company?

A.those who have many work experiences.
B.those who are likely to quit in a year.
C.those who are friendly to colleagues.
D.those who are skilled as well as committed.

答案：D
解析：
本题考查的是细节理解。
【关键词】who potential employees
【主题句】第3自然段For our company, the right people will be those with relevant skills and capabilities to drive the company forward this year, next year and future years. 对于我们公司来说，合适的人选将是那些具有相关技能和能力的人，以推动公司在今年、明年和未来几年前进。
【解析】本题的问题是“谁可能成为公司的潜在员工？”。选项A意为“有许多工作经验的人”；选项B意为“一年中可能退出的人”；选项C意为“对同事们友善的人”；选项D意为“那些技术熟练而又坚定的人”。根据主题句可知，有技能和尽心尽力的人是潜在员工的标准，故选D。

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