问答题Practice 2　　Until early in this century, the isolationist tendency prevailed in American foreign policy. Then two factors projected America into world affairs: its rapidly expanding power, and the gradual collapse of the international system centered o

Text 2 Economic refugees have traditionally lined up to get into America.lAtely,they have been lining up to leave.In the past few months,half a dozen biggish comparues have announced plans to merge with foreign partners and in the process move their corporate homes abroad.The motive is simple:corporate taxes are lower in Ireland,Britain and,for that matter,almost everywhere else than they are in America.In Washington,D.C.,policymakers have reacted wiLh indignation.Jack Lew,the treasury secretary,has quesLioned che companies'patriotism and called on Congress to outlaw such transactions.His fellow Democrats are eager to oblige,and some Republicans are willing to listen.The proposals are misguided.Tightening the rules on corporate"inversions",as these moves are called,does nothing to deal with the reason why so many firms want to leave:America has the rich world's most dysfunctional corporate-tax system.It needs fundamental reform,not new complications.America's corporate tax has two horrible flaws.The first is the tax rate,which at 35%is the lughest among the 34 mostly rich-country members of the OECD.Yet it raises less revenue than the OECD average ihanks to countless loopholes and tax breaks aimed at everything from machinery investment to NASCAR race tracks.Last year these breaks cost$150 billion in forgone revenue,more than half of what America collected in total corporate taxes.The second flaw is that America levies lax on a company's income no matter where in the world it is eamed.In contrast,every other large rich country taxes only income eamed within its borders.Here,too,America's system is absurdly ineffective at collecting money.Firms do not have to pay tax on foreign profits until Lhey bring them back home.Not surprisingly,many do not:American multinationals have some$2 trillion sittiry;on their foreign units'balance-sheets,and growing.All this imposes big costs on the economy.The high rate discourages investment and loopholes distort it,because decisions are driven by tax considerations rather than a project's economic merits.The tax rate companies actually pay varies wildly,depending on cheir type of business and the creativity of their lawyers:some pay close to zero,others the fuU 35%.But as other countries chopped their rates and America's stayed the same,the incentive to flee grew.A possible solution is to lower the corporate rate,eliminate tax breaks and move America from a worldwide system to a territonal one.
Which of the following would be the best tide for the text?

A.Corporate Tax in America:Time to Reform
B.The QuesLionable Tax Breaks in America
C.Corporations in America:Time to Leave
D.The Hopeless Corporate Tax in America

共用题干
The Beginning of American Literature America has always been a land of beginnings.After Europeans"discovered"America in the fifteenth century,the mysterious New World became for many people a genuine hope of a new life,an escape from poverty and persecution,a chance to start again.We can say that,as a nation,America begins with that hope.When,however,does American literature begin?
American literature begins with American experiences.Long before the first colonists arrived,before Christopher Columbus,before the Northmen who"found"America about the year 1000,native Americans lived here.Each tribe's literature was tightly woven into the fabric of daily life and reflected the unmistakably American experience of linking with the land.Another kind of experience,one filled with fear and excitement,found its expression in the reports that Columbus and other explorers sent home in Spain, French and English.In addition,the journals of the people who lived and died in the New England wilder- ness tell unforgettable tales of hard and sometimes heartbreaking experiences of those early years. Experience,then, is the key to early American literature.
The New World provided a great variety of experiences,and these experiences demanded a wide variety of expressions by an even wider variety of early American writers.These writers included John Smith,who spent only two-and-a-half year on the American continent.
They included Jonathan Edwards and William Byrd,who thought of themselves as British subjects,never suspecting a revolution that would create a United States of America with a literature of its own.American Indians,explorers,Puritan ministers,frontier wives,plantation owners-they are all the creators of the first American literature.

According to the last paragraph,which of the following statements is true about American literature?
A:Some British writers started American literature.
B:Early-day American literature is a reflection of the boring life then.
C:Some British writers had'doubts about the future of American literature.
D:Some British writers had great confidence in the future of American literature.

共用题干
The Beginning of American Literature America has always been a land of beginnings.After Europeans"discovered"America in the fifteenth century,the mysterious New World became for many people a genuine hope of a new life,an escape from poverty and persecution,a chance to start again.We can say that,as a nation,America begins with that hope.When,however,does American literature begin?
American literature begins with American experiences.Long before the first colonists arrived,before Christopher Columbus,before the Northmen who"found"America about the year 1000,native Americans lived here.Each tribe's literature was tightly woven into the fabric of daily life and reflected the unmistakably American experience of linking with the land.Another kind of experience,one filled with fear and excitement,found its expression in the reports that Columbus and other explorers sent home in Spain, French and English.In addition,the journals of the people who lived and died in the New England wilder- ness tell unforgettable tales of hard and sometimes heartbreaking experiences of those early years. Experience,then, is the key to early American literature.
The New World provided a great variety of experiences,and these experiences demanded a wide variety of expressions by an even wider variety of early American writers.These writers included John Smith,who spent only two-and-a-half year on the American continent.
They included Jonathan Edwards and William Byrd,who thought of themselves as British subjects,never suspecting a revolution that would create a United States of America with a literature of its own.American Indians,explorers,Puritan ministers,frontier wives,plantation owners-they are all the creators of the first American literature.

What does"that hope"in the first paragraph refer to?
A:The hope that America would be discovered.
B:The hope to start a new life.
C:The hope to see the mysteries of the New Worid.
D:The hope to find poverty here.

Text 2 Economic refugees have traditionally lined up to get into America.lAtely,they have been lining up to leave.In the past few months,half a dozen biggish comparues have announced plans to merge with foreign partners and in the process move their corporate homes abroad.The motive is simple:corporate taxes are lower in Ireland,Britain and,for that matter,almost everywhere else than they are in America.In Washington,D.C.,policymakers have reacted wiLh indignation.Jack Lew,the treasury secretary,has quesLioned che companies'patriotism and called on Congress to outlaw such transactions.His fellow Democrats are eager to oblige,and some Republicans are willing to listen.The proposals are misguided.Tightening the rules on corporate"inversions",as these moves are called,does nothing to deal with the reason why so many firms want to leave:America has the rich world's most dysfunctional corporate-tax system.It needs fundamental reform,not new complications.America's corporate tax has two horrible flaws.The first is the tax rate,which at 35%is the lughest among the 34 mostly rich-country members of the OECD.Yet it raises less revenue than the OECD average ihanks to countless loopholes and tax breaks aimed at everything from machinery investment to NASCAR race tracks.Last year these breaks cost$150 billion in forgone revenue,more than half of what America collected in total corporate taxes.The second flaw is that America levies lax on a company's income no matter where in the world it is eamed.In contrast,every other large rich country taxes only income eamed within its borders.Here,too,America's system is absurdly ineffective at collecting money.Firms do not have to pay tax on foreign profits until Lhey bring them back home.Not surprisingly,many do not:American multinationals have some$2 trillion sittiry;on their foreign units'balance-sheets,and growing.All this imposes big costs on the economy.The high rate discourages investment and loopholes distort it,because decisions are driven by tax considerations rather than a project's economic merits.The tax rate companies actually pay varies wildly,depending on cheir type of business and the creativity of their lawyers:some pay close to zero,others the fuU 35%.But as other countries chopped their rates and America's stayed the same,the incentive to flee grew.A possible solution is to lower the corporate rate,eliminate tax breaks and move America from a worldwide system to a territonal one.
We can infer from Paragraph 4 that______

A.some tax reduction in America might be irrational
B.most rich countries in OECD have sound tax systems
C.America's corporate tax rale is the highesL in the world
D.American firms raise less revenue than other countries

Text 2 Economic refugees have traditionally lined up to get into America.lAtely,they have been lining up to leave.In the past few months,half a dozen biggish comparues have announced plans to merge with foreign partners and in the process move their corporate homes abroad.The motive is simple:corporate taxes are lower in Ireland,Britain and,for that matter,almost everywhere else than they are in America.In Washington,D.C.,policymakers have reacted wiLh indignation.Jack Lew,the treasury secretary,has quesLioned che companies'patriotism and called on Congress to outlaw such transactions.His fellow Democrats are eager to oblige,and some Republicans are willing to listen.The proposals are misguided.Tightening the rules on corporate"inversions",as these moves are called,does nothing to deal with the reason why so many firms want to leave:America has the rich world's most dysfunctional corporate-tax system.It needs fundamental reform,not new complications.America's corporate tax has two horrible flaws.The first is the tax rate,which at 35%is the lughest among the 34 mostly rich-country members of the OECD.Yet it raises less revenue than the OECD average ihanks to countless loopholes and tax breaks aimed at everything from machinery investment to NASCAR race tracks.Last year these breaks cost$150 billion in forgone revenue,more than half of what America collected in total corporate taxes.The second flaw is that America levies lax on a company's income no matter where in the world it is eamed.In contrast,every other large rich country taxes only income eamed within its borders.Here,too,America's system is absurdly ineffective at collecting money.Firms do not have to pay tax on foreign profits until Lhey bring them back home.Not surprisingly,many do not:American multinationals have some$2 trillion sittiry;on their foreign units'balance-sheets,and growing.All this imposes big costs on the economy.The high rate discourages investment and loopholes distort it,because decisions are driven by tax considerations rather than a project's economic merits.The tax rate companies actually pay varies wildly,depending on cheir type of business and the creativity of their lawyers:some pay close to zero,others the fuU 35%.But as other countries chopped their rates and America's stayed the same,the incentive to flee grew.A possible solution is to lower the corporate rate,eliminate tax breaks and move America from a worldwide system to a territonal one.
The author suggests that the corporate-tax system in America is_____

A.misguided
B.complicated
C.incomplete
D.fundamental

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第一篇



The Beginning of American Literature



America has always been a land of beginnings.After Europeans"discovered"America in the fifteenth

century,the mysterious New World became for many people a genuine hope of a new life,an escape from

poverty and persecution,a chance to start again.We can say that,as a nation,America begins with that

hope.When,however,does American literature begin?

American literature begins with Amnerican experiences.Long before the first colonists arrived,before

Christopher Columbus，before the Northmen who"found"America about the year 1000,Native Americans

lived here. Each trilbe's literature was tightly woven into the fabric of daiiy life and reflected the unmistakably

American experience of lining with the land。Anoiher kind of experience,one filled with fear and excite-

ment,found its expression in the reports that Columbus and other explorers sent home in Spain,French and

English.In addition,the journals of the people who lived and died in the New England wilderness tell

unforgettable tales of hard and sometimes heartbreaking experiences of those early years.

Experience,then,is the key to early American literature.The New World provided a great variety of

experiences,and these experiences deniauded a wide variety of expressions by an even wider variety of early

American writers.These wnters included John Smith,who spent only two-and-a-half year on the American

continent.They included Jonathlan Edwards and William Byrd,who thought of themselves as British sub-

jects,never suspecting a revolution that would create a United States of America with a literature of its own.

American Indians,explorers,Puritan ministers,frontier wives,plantation owners一they are all the creators

of the first American literature.

The main purpose of the last paragraph is to tell the readers that_____________.
A:in the early days most American writers were from Great Britain
B:people with rich life experience became writers
C:there were many writers in the early days of American history
D:early-day experience provided the foundation for American literature

共用题干
第一篇



The Beginning of American Literature



America has always been a land of beginnings.After Europeans"discovered"America in the fifteenth

century,the mysterious New World became for many people a genuine hope of a new life,an escape from

poverty and persecution,a chance to start again.We can say that,as a nation,America begins with that

hope.When,however,does American literature begin?

American literature begins with Amnerican experiences.Long before the first colonists arrived,before

Christopher Columbus，before the Northmen who"found"America about the year 1000,Native Americans

lived here. Each trilbe's literature was tightly woven into the fabric of daiiy life and reflected the unmistakably

American experience of lining with the land。Anoiher kind of experience,one filled with fear and excite-

ment,found its expression in the reports that Columbus and other explorers sent home in Spain,French and

English.In addition,the journals of the people who lived and died in the New England wilderness tell

unforgettable tales of hard and sometimes heartbreaking experiences of those early years.

Experience,then,is the key to early American literature.The New World provided a great variety of

experiences,and these experiences deniauded a wide variety of expressions by an even wider variety of early

American writers.These wnters included John Smith,who spent only two-and-a-half year on the American

continent.They included Jonathlan Edwards and William Byrd,who thought of themselves as British sub-

jects,never suspecting a revolution that would create a United States of America with a literature of its own.

American Indians,explorers,Puritan ministers,frontier wives,plantation owners一they are all the creators

of the first American literature.

When did American literature begin?
A:Before the American natives lived there.
B:When Columbus and other explorers sent reports back home.
C:When the Northmen found America in about 1000.
D:Long before the year 1000.