An internet is a combination of networks connected by (71) .When a datagram goes from a source to a (72) ，it will probably pass many (73) until it reaches the router attached to the destination network．A router receives a (74) from a network and passes it

题目

An internet is a combination of networks connected by (71) .When a datagram goes from a source to a (72) ，it will probably pass many (73) until it reaches the router attached to the destination network．A router receives a (74) from a network and passes it to another network．A router is usually attached to several networks．When it receives a packet，to which network should it pass the packet? The decision is based on optimization： Which of the available (75) is the optimum pathway?

A．modems

B．routers

C．switches

D．computers

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相似问题和答案

第1题：

检索“投中3分球”小于等于5个的运动员中“得分”最高的运动员的“得分”，正确的SQL语句是（）。

A.SELECT MAX(得分)FROM运动员WHERE投中3分球<=5

B.SELECT MAX(得分)FROM运动员WHEN投中3分球<=5

C.SELECT得分MAX(得分)FROM运动员WHERE投中3分球<=5

D.SELECT得分MAX(得分)FROM运动员WHEN投中3分球<=5

正确答案：A
A。【解析】本题选项B中，应使用WHERE；选项C和D中，MAX函数的使用错误。

第2题：

Asystem's architecture is a representation of a system in which there is amapping of（71）onto hardware and softwarecomponents, a mapping of the（72）onto thehardware architecture. and a concern for the human interaction with thesecomponents. That is, system architecture is concerned with a total system, includinghardware. software, and humans.

Softwarearchitectural structures can be divided into three major categories, dependingon the broad nature of the elements they show.1）（73）embodydecisions as a set of code or data units that have to be constructed orprocured.2）（74）embody decisions as to how the systemis to be structured as set of elements that have runtime behavior. andinteractions.3）（75）embody decisions as to how thesystem will relate to nonsoftware structures in its

environment(suchas CPUs, file systems, networks, development teams, etc.).

71.( )

A.attributes

B.constraint

C.functionality

D.requirements

正确答案：C
系统架构是一个系统的一种表示，包含了功能到软硬件构件的映射、软件架构到硬件架构的映射以及对于这些组件人机交互的关注。也就是说，系统架构关注于整个系统，包括硬件、软件和使用者。软件架构结构根据其所展示元素的广义性质，可以被分为三个主要类别。1）模块结构将决策体现为一组需要被构建或采购的代码或数据单元。2）构件连接器结构将决策体现为系统如何被结构化为一组具有运行时行为和交互的元素。3）分配结构将决策体现为系统如何在其环境中关联到非软件结构，如CPU、文件系统、网络、开发团队等。

第3题：

检索“投中3，分球”小于等于5个的运动员中“得分”最高的运动员的“得分”，正确的SQL语句是( )。

A．SELECT MAX(得分)FROM 运动员 WHERE 投中3分球＜=5

B．SELECT MAX(得分) FROM 运动员 WHEN 投中3分球＜=5

C．SELECT 得分 MAX(得分) FROM 运动员 WHERE 投中3分球＜=5

D．SELECT 得分 MAX(得分) FROM 运动员 WHEN 投中3分球＜=5

正确答案：A
解析：考查的简单计算查询。求最大值的函数是MAX()，使用计算函数后，会改变原来的，用语计算的字段名，如果要指定新的字段名，可以在该计算函数后通过AS短语指定新的字段名，也可以省略AS短语直接输入新字段名作为输出显示的字段名称。
本题选项C)和D)中，使用计算函数的表达方式错误；而选项B)中，条件短语的关键字出错，应该是WHERE，而不是WHEN。

第4题：

Without proper safeguards,every part of a network is vulnerable to a security breach or unauthorized activity from（71）,competitors,or even employees.Many of the organizations that manage their own（72）network security and use the Internet for more than just sending/receiving e-mails experience a network（73）—and more than half of these companies do not even know they were attacked.Smaller（74）are often complacent,having gained a false sense of security.They usually react to the last virus or the most recent defacing of their website.But they are trapped in a situation where they do not have the necessary time and（75）to spend on security.

A.users
B.campuses
C.companies
D.networks

答案：C

解析：

略

第5题：

检索“投中3分球”小于等于5个的运动员中“得分”最高的运动员的“得分”，正确的SQL语句是（）。

A)SELECT MAX(得分)FROM运动员WHERE投中3分球<=5

B)SELECT MAX(得分)FROM运动员WHEN投中3分球<=5

C)SELECT得分MAX(得分)FROM运动员WHERE投中3分球<=5

D)SELECT得分MAX(得分)FROM运动员WHEN投中3分球<=5

正确答案：A
求最大值的函数是MAX，使用计算函数后，会改变原来的用于计算的字段名，如果要指定新的字段名，可以在该计算函数后通过AS短语指定新的字段名，也可以省略AS短语直接输入新字段名做为输出显示的字段名称。本题选项C)和D)中，使用计算函数的表达方式错误；而选项B)中，条件短语的关键字出错，应该是WHERE，而不是WHEN。

第6题：

A basic premise of OGSA is that everything is(71)by a service: a network enabled entity that(72)some capability through the exchange of messages. Computational resources, storage resources, networks, programs, databases, and so forth are all(73). This adoption of a uniform. service-oriented model means that all components of the environment are virtual. More specifically, OGSA represents everything as a Grid service: a Web service that conforms(74)a set of conventions and supports standard interfaces for such purposes as lifetime management. This core set of consistent interfaces, from which all Grid services are implemented,(75)the construction of hierarchical, higher-order services that can be treated in a uniform. way across layers of abstraction.

A．defined

B．represented

C．used

D．passed

正确答案：B
解析：OGSA的一个基本前提是任何事务都表示成一个服务：一个网络可达的、通过消息交换提供某些能力的实体。计算资源、存储资源、网络、程序、数据库等都是服务。采用一个统一的面向服务的模型意味着环境中的所有组件都是虚拟的。更明确地说，OGSA将所有事务都表示成一个Grid服务：遵循一套规范并支持为了实现生命周期管理等类似目的而制定的标准接口的Web服务。这些一致接口的核心集，是所有的Grid服务实现的基础，便于高级服务的构造，而高级服务能够跨多个抽象层以一种统一的方式进行处理。

第7题：

19．

A．forget

B．forgets

C．go

D．goes

正确答案：D
19．D[解析】go to work意为“上班”，由于主语是 “He”（第三人称单数形式），所以要用goes to work。

第8题：

-Tommy,doyouknowifFrank______tothetheatrewithusthisSundayifit______?

-Sorry,Ihavenoidea.

A.willgo,isfine

B.goes,isfine

C.willgo,isgoingtobefine

D.goes,willbefine

正确答案：A

第9题：

It ____ without saying that consumers would be happier if prices were lower

A. takes
B. appears
C. makes
D. goes

答案：D

解析：

很明显空格处填入的词语意思是“毫无疑问、不用说”，利用一点点语法知识，空格处填入的是一不及物动词，既然如此可排除A 与C，B 选项是“似乎”的意思，填入空格处后语义不通顺。答案是D。Go without saying 本身就是一固定搭配：理所当然，不言而喻。

第10题：

在应用层、运输层、网络层、数据链路层和物理层传输的数据单元分别为。

A．报文段(segment)、数据报(datagram)、报文(message)、帧(frame)、比特(bit)

B．数据报(datagram)、报文(message)、报文段(segment)、帧(frame)、比特(bit)

C．报文(message)、数据报(datagram)、报文段(segment)、帧(frame)、比特(bit)

D．报文段(segment)、数据报(datagram)、帧(frame)、比特(bit)

应用层：提供各种应用服务传输层：在端到端间提供透明的数据传输网络层：保证分组正确通过通信子网到达接收方数据链层：在点到点间提供透明的数据传输物理层：实现原始数据的传输

软考初级

An internet is a combination of networks connected by (71) .When a datagram goes from a source to a (72) ，it will probably pass many (73) until it reaches the router attached to the destination network．A router receives a (74) from a network and passes it

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