研究生入学
Text 3 The concept of man versus machine is at least as old as the industrial revolution,but this phenomenon tends to be most acutely felt during economic downturns and fragile recoveries.And yet,it would be a mistake to think we are right now simply expe
题目
Text 3 The concept of man versus machine is at least as old as the industrial revolution,but this phenomenon tends to be most acutely felt during economic downturns and fragile recoveries.And yet,it would be a mistake to think we are right now simply experiencing the painful side of a boom and bust cycle.Certain jobs have gone away for good,outmoded by machines.Since technology has such an insatiable appetite for eating up human jobs,this phenomenon will continue to restructure our economy in ways we can't immediately foresee.When there is rapid improvement in the price and performance of technology,jobs that were once thought to be immune from automation suddenly become threatened.This argument has attracted a lot of attention,via the success of the book Race Against the Machine,by Erik Brynjolfsson and Andrew McAfee,who both hail from MIT's Center for Digital Business.This is a powerful argument,and a scary one.And yet,John Hagel,author of The Power of Pull and other books,says Brynjolfsson and McAfee miss the reason why these jobs are so vulnerable to technology in the first place.Hagel says we have designed jobs in the U.S.that tend to be“tightly scripted”and“highly standardized”ones that leave no room for“individual initiative or creativity.”In short,these are the types of jobs that machines can perform much better at than human beings.That is how we have put a giant target sign on the backs of American workers,Hagel says.It's time to reinvent the formula for how work is conducted,since we are still relying ona very 20th century notion of work,Hagel says.In our rapidly changing economy,we more than ever need people in the workplace who can take initiative and exercise their imagination“to respond to unexpected events.”That's not something machines are good at.They are designed to perform very predictable activities.As Hagel notes,Brynjolfsson and McAfee indeed touched on this point in their book.We need to reframe race against the machine as race with the machine.In other words,we need to look at the ways in which machines can augment human labor rather than replace it.So then the problem is not really about technology,but rather,“how do we innovate our institutions and our work practices?”
Which of the following could be the most appropriate title for the text?
Which of the following could be the most appropriate title for the text?
A.How to Innovate Our Work Practices?
B.Machines will Replace Human Labor
C.Can We Win the Race Against Machines?
D.Economic Downturns Stimulate Innovations
B.Machines will Replace Human Labor
C.Can We Win the Race Against Machines?
D.Economic Downturns Stimulate Innovations
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相似问题和答案
第1题：
What kind of man is doing most housework according to the text?
A．An unmarried man.
B．An older married man.
C．A younger married man.
D．A married man with children.
正确答案：A
第2题：
A high cube container would most likely be used to stow ______.
A.dense bulk cargoes
B.household appliances
C.fragile cargoes
D.heavy industrial machinery
正确答案：B
第3题：
During the Industrial Revolution things changed .Farmers left their fields and went to work in factories, mines and mills. ()
此题为判断题(对，错)。
标准答案:对
第4题：
共用题干
Old Man Myths and Realities
1 When does a middle-aged man become an old man?Officially,of course,it's when we
reach retirement age. But, as we all know, this is a fairly blunt（生硬的）method of
decision making. As life expectancy（预期寿命）increases, retirement planning needs to
be changed .This is because being an old man today is very different from what it was a
generation or so ago.
2 Sixty-five is the new middle-aged man. These days people are talking about the young-
old,that is ages 70-75,and those over 75 as the old-old. The young-old frequently
continue in good health and maintain strong links with friends and family.The old-old have a
much higher chance of poor health and social isolation.
3 Although men are living longer,there are still more old women than old men.This fact
alone should arouse interest as to why.Relatively little is actually known about why this is
the case or about the experiences of the old man .Sure,we are aware that the old man
experiences anxiety,financial problems,loneliness,etc.,but that's really about all we
know.
4 It is usually believed that the old man often complains about their health.In fact,most
rate their health as good even though most are diagnosed with at least one chronic illness.
The physical health of the old man is strongly affected by their health behavior when they
were younger.
Old Man Myths and Realities
1 When does a middle-aged man become an old man?Officially,of course,it's when we
reach retirement age. But, as we all know, this is a fairly blunt（生硬的）method of
decision making. As life expectancy（预期寿命）increases, retirement planning needs to
be changed .This is because being an old man today is very different from what it was a
generation or so ago.
2 Sixty-five is the new middle-aged man. These days people are talking about the young-
old,that is ages 70-75,and those over 75 as the old-old. The young-old frequently
continue in good health and maintain strong links with friends and family.The old-old have a
much higher chance of poor health and social isolation.
3 Although men are living longer,there are still more old women than old men.This fact
alone should arouse interest as to why.Relatively little is actually known about why this is
the case or about the experiences of the old man .Sure,we are aware that the old man
experiences anxiety,financial problems,loneliness,etc.,but that's really about all we
know.
4 It is usually believed that the old man often complains about their health.In fact,most
rate their health as good even though most are diagnosed with at least one chronic illness.
The physical health of the old man is strongly affected by their health behavior when they
were younger.
Most old men consider themselves to be__________.
A: in good health
B: in the past
C: in the wrong
D: the old man
E: a middle-aged man
F: a young man
A: in good health
B: in the past
C: in the wrong
D: the old man
E: a middle-aged man
F: a young man
答案：A
解析：
第5题：
共用题干
Old Man Myths and Realities
1 When does a middle-aged man become an old man?Officially,of course,it's when we
reach retirement age. But, as we all know, this is a fairly blunt（生硬的）method of
decision making. As life expectancy（预期寿命）increases, retirement planning needs to
be changed .This is because being an old man today is very different from what it was a
generation or so ago.
2 Sixty-five is the new middle-aged man. These days people are talking about the young-
old,that is ages 70-75,and those over 75 as the old-old. The young-old frequently
continue in good health and maintain strong links with friends and family.The old-old have a
much higher chance of poor health and social isolation.
3 Although men are living longer,there are still more old women than old men.This fact
alone should arouse interest as to why.Relatively little is actually known about why this is
the case or about the experiences of the old man .Sure,we are aware that the old man
experiences anxiety,financial problems,loneliness,etc.,but that's really about all we
know.
4 It is usually believed that the old man often complains about their health.In fact,most
rate their health as good even though most are diagnosed with at least one chronic illness.
The physical health of the old man is strongly affected by their health behavior when they
were younger.
Old Man Myths and Realities
1 When does a middle-aged man become an old man?Officially,of course,it's when we
reach retirement age. But, as we all know, this is a fairly blunt（生硬的）method of
decision making. As life expectancy（预期寿命）increases, retirement planning needs to
be changed .This is because being an old man today is very different from what it was a
generation or so ago.
2 Sixty-five is the new middle-aged man. These days people are talking about the young-
old,that is ages 70-75,and those over 75 as the old-old. The young-old frequently
continue in good health and maintain strong links with friends and family.The old-old have a
much higher chance of poor health and social isolation.
3 Although men are living longer,there are still more old women than old men.This fact
alone should arouse interest as to why.Relatively little is actually known about why this is
the case or about the experiences of the old man .Sure,we are aware that the old man
experiences anxiety,financial problems,loneliness,etc.,but that's really about all we
know.
4 It is usually believed that the old man often complains about their health.In fact,most
rate their health as good even though most are diagnosed with at least one chronic illness.
The physical health of the old man is strongly affected by their health behavior when they
were younger.
Paragraph 2__________
A:New definitions of the old man
B:Changing concept of the old man
C:Health of the old man
D:Happy old man and sad old man
E:Limited knowledge of the old man's experiences
F:Contempt for the old man
A:New definitions of the old man
B:Changing concept of the old man
C:Health of the old man
D:Happy old man and sad old man
E:Limited knowledge of the old man's experiences
F:Contempt for the old man
答案：A
解析：
第6题：
The Industrial () started during the last part of the 18th century, in the same period as the American and the French Revolutions.
A.Movement
B.Drive
C.Process
D.Revolution
正确答案: D
第7题：
共用题干
Old Man Myths and Realities
1 When does a middle-aged man become an old man?Officially,of course,it's when we
reach retirement age. But, as we all know, this is a fairly blunt（生硬的）method of
decision making. As life expectancy（预期寿命）increases, retirement planning needs to
be changed .This is because being an old man today is very different from what it was a
generation or so ago.
2 Sixty-five is the new middle-aged man. These days people are talking about the young-
old,that is ages 70-75,and those over 75 as the old-old. The young-old frequently
continue in good health and maintain strong links with friends and family.The old-old have a
much higher chance of poor health and social isolation.
3 Although men are living longer,there are still more old women than old men.This fact
alone should arouse interest as to why.Relatively little is actually known about why this is
the case or about the experiences of the old man .Sure,we are aware that the old man
experiences anxiety,financial problems,loneliness,etc.,but that's really about all we
know.
4 It is usually believed that the old man often complains about their health.In fact,most
rate their health as good even though most are diagnosed with at least one chronic illness.
The physical health of the old man is strongly affected by their health behavior when they
were younger.
Old Man Myths and Realities
1 When does a middle-aged man become an old man?Officially,of course,it's when we
reach retirement age. But, as we all know, this is a fairly blunt（生硬的）method of
decision making. As life expectancy（预期寿命）increases, retirement planning needs to
be changed .This is because being an old man today is very different from what it was a
generation or so ago.
2 Sixty-five is the new middle-aged man. These days people are talking about the young-
old,that is ages 70-75,and those over 75 as the old-old. The young-old frequently
continue in good health and maintain strong links with friends and family.The old-old have a
much higher chance of poor health and social isolation.
3 Although men are living longer,there are still more old women than old men.This fact
alone should arouse interest as to why.Relatively little is actually known about why this is
the case or about the experiences of the old man .Sure,we are aware that the old man
experiences anxiety,financial problems,loneliness,etc.,but that's really about all we
know.
4 It is usually believed that the old man often complains about their health.In fact,most
rate their health as good even though most are diagnosed with at least one chronic illness.
The physical health of the old man is strongly affected by their health behavior when they
were younger.
Nowadays men generally live longer than_________.
A: in good health
B: in the past
C: in the wrong
D: the old man
E: a middle-aged man
F: a young man
A: in good health
B: in the past
C: in the wrong
D: the old man
E: a middle-aged man
F: a young man
答案：B
解析：
第8题：
What kind of man is doing most housework according to the text?
A. An unmarried man. B. An older married man.
C. A younger married man. D. A married man with children.
正确答案：A
第9题：
共用题干
Old Man Myths and Realities
1 When does a middle-aged man become an old man?Officially,of course,it's when we
reach retirement age. But, as we all know, this is a fairly blunt（生硬的）method of
decision making. As life expectancy（预期寿命）increases, retirement planning needs to
be changed .This is because being an old man today is very different from what it was a
generation or so ago.
2 Sixty-five is the new middle-aged man. These days people are talking about the young-
old,that is ages 70-75,and those over 75 as the old-old. The young-old frequently
continue in good health and maintain strong links with friends and family.The old-old have a
much higher chance of poor health and social isolation.
3 Although men are living longer,there are still more old women than old men.This fact
alone should arouse interest as to why.Relatively little is actually known about why this is
the case or about the experiences of the old man .Sure,we are aware that the old man
experiences anxiety,financial problems,loneliness,etc.,but that's really about all we
know.
4 It is usually believed that the old man often complains about their health.In fact,most
rate their health as good even though most are diagnosed with at least one chronic illness.
The physical health of the old man is strongly affected by their health behavior when they
were younger.
Old Man Myths and Realities
1 When does a middle-aged man become an old man?Officially,of course,it's when we
reach retirement age. But, as we all know, this is a fairly blunt（生硬的）method of
decision making. As life expectancy（预期寿命）increases, retirement planning needs to
be changed .This is because being an old man today is very different from what it was a
generation or so ago.
2 Sixty-five is the new middle-aged man. These days people are talking about the young-
old,that is ages 70-75,and those over 75 as the old-old. The young-old frequently
continue in good health and maintain strong links with friends and family.The old-old have a
much higher chance of poor health and social isolation.
3 Although men are living longer,there are still more old women than old men.This fact
alone should arouse interest as to why.Relatively little is actually known about why this is
the case or about the experiences of the old man .Sure,we are aware that the old man
experiences anxiety,financial problems,loneliness,etc.,but that's really about all we
know.
4 It is usually believed that the old man often complains about their health.In fact,most
rate their health as good even though most are diagnosed with at least one chronic illness.
The physical health of the old man is strongly affected by their health behavior when they
were younger.
Paragraph 3___________
A:New definitions of the old man
B:Changing concept of the old man
C:Health of the old man
D:Happy old man and sad old man
E:Limited knowledge of the old man's experiences
F:Contempt for the old man
A:New definitions of the old man
B:Changing concept of the old man
C:Health of the old man
D:Happy old man and sad old man
E:Limited knowledge of the old man's experiences
F:Contempt for the old man
答案：E
解析：
第10题：
共用题干
Old Man Myths and Realities
1 When does a middle-aged man become an old man?Officially,of course,it's when we
reach retirement age. But, as we all know, this is a fairly blunt（生硬的）method of
decision making. As life expectancy（预期寿命）increases, retirement planning needs to
be changed .This is because being an old man today is very different from what it was a
generation or so ago.
2 Sixty-five is the new middle-aged man. These days people are talking about the young-
old,that is ages 70-75,and those over 75 as the old-old. The young-old frequently
continue in good health and maintain strong links with friends and family.The old-old have a
much higher chance of poor health and social isolation.
3 Although men are living longer,there are still more old women than old men.This fact
alone should arouse interest as to why.Relatively little is actually known about why this is
the case or about the experiences of the old man .Sure,we are aware that the old man
experiences anxiety,financial problems,loneliness,etc.,but that's really about all we
know.
4 It is usually believed that the old man often complains about their health.In fact,most
rate their health as good even though most are diagnosed with at least one chronic illness.
The physical health of the old man is strongly affected by their health behavior when they
were younger.
Old Man Myths and Realities
1 When does a middle-aged man become an old man?Officially,of course,it's when we
reach retirement age. But, as we all know, this is a fairly blunt（生硬的）method of
decision making. As life expectancy（预期寿命）increases, retirement planning needs to
be changed .This is because being an old man today is very different from what it was a
generation or so ago.
2 Sixty-five is the new middle-aged man. These days people are talking about the young-
old,that is ages 70-75,and those over 75 as the old-old. The young-old frequently
continue in good health and maintain strong links with friends and family.The old-old have a
much higher chance of poor health and social isolation.
3 Although men are living longer,there are still more old women than old men.This fact
alone should arouse interest as to why.Relatively little is actually known about why this is
the case or about the experiences of the old man .Sure,we are aware that the old man
experiences anxiety,financial problems,loneliness,etc.,but that's really about all we
know.
4 It is usually believed that the old man often complains about their health.In fact,most
rate their health as good even though most are diagnosed with at least one chronic illness.
The physical health of the old man is strongly affected by their health behavior when they
were younger.
A man in his mid-60s is now regarded as________.
A: in good health
B: in the past
C: in the wrong
D: the old man
E: a middle-aged man
F: a young man
A: in good health
B: in the past
C: in the wrong
D: the old man
E: a middle-aged man
F: a young man
答案：E
解析：