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试卷代号：5351 山西广播电视大学2019_2020学年度第二学期开放教育本科考试（开）英语专业语言与应用语言学试题答案 2020年6月一 单项选择题 （本题型共10题，每题2分，共20分。以下各题每题只有一个正确答案，将正确答案的代号填入题中的括号内） 1.C 2. D 3. A 4.C 5.C 6. C 7. B 8. D 9. C 10. A二、判断题 （本题型共10题，每题2分，共20分。以下各题的叙述，正确的在题后的括号内写T,错误的写F）1. F 2. F 3. F 4. F 5. T 6. T 7.T 8. F 9. T 10. F三、简答题 （本题型共5题，每题4分，共20分） 1. It is complex. There are direct hearers, and indirect hearers. Each of the two is itself complex. Take indirect hearers for example. There are eavesdroppers, overhearers and so on.2People believe that personal names are sacred. The name is the person himself or herself. The abuse of the name is equal to the abuse of the person. So measures are often taken to protect it. In Chinese culture children sometimes are given petty names or cheap names for superstitious purposes.3. Yes, someone may be attacked by a stroke. It may cause some damage to that part of the brain where language functions are located. Thus the person will not be able to speak or speak properly.4. (The answers for the first part of the task vary from one examinee to another. Right answers must include (a) things in the physical or material world; (b) things in the symbolic world; (c) things in the symbolic world. The answers for the second part must include (a) speech and writing belong to the material world; (b) the abstract form of language belong to the symbolic world. )5. There are 5 advantages, a. speech communication can be done in darkness; b. it can be separated by barriers; c. hands can be free to do other things; d. immediate feedback can be provided; e. body language can be used to support speech.四、论述题 （本题共2题，共40分）1. What are the different dimensions of relations between people in the society? What is the one dimension important to Chinese but absent in some other cultures? Choose one dimension to give an example: 答案：a. familiarity :whether the people interacting are strangers, acquaintances, family members or relatives. b. emotional distance: whether the people interacting are intimate or detached, whether they are close or hostile.c. formality: formal or informald. In Chinese culture we make the important distinction of in-group or out-group: Chineseinsiders, foreignersoutsides; Family circle: family memberinsiders; everybody else is an outsiders.e. Examples: （any one, one point）2. In unit 3, there is a paragraph as follows: “when we say that in Chinese chess there are five “soldiers”, we must realize that they are abstract soldiers which an be materialized in any soldier substance. The abstract “soldiers” are made “soldiers” because they are dictating the way they are used in game. You may argue that we cannot say that the materials of which Chinese chess is made are not significant. For instance, wood chess pieces can be less expensive than stone ones. Or magnetic chess pieces can be hung on the wall so that an audience can watch players play. Your reasoning is sound, but is irrelevant to the point we talk about. Our question is what makes a “soldier” a solider in Chinese chess. Your objection is about the differences in chess material.” Discuss the ways in which words are like the chess pieces.答案：1） words are also abstract;2). They can be materialized in a cluster of sounds, or strokes, or letters;3) words become words, not because they are made of materials, but because they are used together with other words in communication; the physical sounds or strokes can be important to some people, e.g. calligraphers, but calligraphy has little to do with linguistics.

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