全国英语等级考试（三级）

问答题Practice 2　　You have been badly injured in a car accident. It is necessary to give you a blood transfusion because you lost a great deal of blood in the accident. However, special care must be taken in l new blood for you. If the blood is too differ

题目
问答题
Practice 2　　You have been badly injured in a car accident. It is necessary to give you a blood transfusion because you lost a great deal of blood in the accident. However, special care must be taken in  l new blood for you. If the blood is too different from your own, the transfusion could kill you.　　There are four basic types of blood：A, B, AB, and O. A simple test can 2 a person’s blood type, which, like hair color and height, is 3 from parents.　　Because of substances contained in each type, the four groups must be transfused 4 . Basically, A and B cannot be mixed. A and B cannot receive AB, but AB may receive A or B. O can give to any other group；hence, it is often called the universal 5 . For the opposite reason. AB is sometimes called the universal 6 . However, because so many reactions can occur in transfusions, patients usually receive only salt or plasma. until their blood can be 7 as exactly as possible in the blood bank of a hospital. In this way. it is possible to 8 any bad reactions to the transfusion.　　There is a relationship between your blood type and your 9 . Among Europeans and people of European ancestry, about 42 percent have type A while 45 percent have type O. The rarest is type AB. Other races have different 10 . For example, some American Indian groups have nearly 100 percent type O.[A] selecting 　　　[B] avoid　　　　　 [C] carefully[D] cover　　　　　 [E] inherited 　　　[F] percentages[G] recipient 　　　[H] matched 　　　　[I] indicate[J] nationality　　 [K] simulating 　　 [L] donor[M] pursuit 　　　　[N] liberated　　　 [O] meaningfully
参考答案和解析
正确答案： 1.A 该空格前为介词in, 空格后为名词短语new blood, 因此空格处应选及物动词的现在分词形式。原句意为“在给你______新的血液时必须格外小心”,再结合下文提到的输入不同的血液可能会夺去性命可知, 选择适当的血液输入很重要, 选项中只有A selecting(选择)最适合。
2.I 该空格前为情态动词can, 空格后为名词短语a person’s blood type, 因此空格处应选及物动词原形。原句意为“一个简单的测试就能______一个人的血型”, 因此所选单词应含有“确定”、“判断”等意思, 选项中只有I indicate(表明)最适合。
3.E 该空格前为系动词is, 空格后为介词from, 因此空格处应选形容词作表语, 或选动词过去分词表被动。原句意为“血型就像头发颜色和身高一样, 是从父母那里的”, 由常识可知, 头发颜色和身高都应该与遗传有关, 故选E inherited(继承)。
4.C 该空格前为动词transfused, 因此空格处应选副词作状语。原句意为“每种血型中都含有特定的物质, 因此四种血型必须______输入”, 再结合上下文提到的血型匹配的重要性可知, 输血时一定要加倍小心, 选项中只有C carefully(小心地)最适合。
5.L 该空格前为形容词universal, 因此空格处应选名词。结合句意“O型血可以输给任何其他血型的人, 因此它常被称为通用的______”和选项, 只有L donor(捐赠人)最适合, 而universal donor为医学方面的固定搭配, 意为“万能输血者”。
6.G 该空格前也为形容universal, 因此空格处也应选名词。由句中的for the opposite reason(出于相反的原因)可知, 此处所选单词应与上一题所选单词在含义上相对应, 只有G recipient(接受者)最适合, 表示AB型血是万能受血者。
7.H 该空格前为系动词be, 空格后为副词短语as exactly as possible, 因此空格处应选动词过去分词表被动。原句意为“因为在输血中可能发生许多反应, 所以患者通常只输入盐或血浆, 直到他们的血液在医院的血库里得到尽可能精确的______”。因此所选单词应意为“配型”或“匹配”, 只有H matched(匹配)最适合。
8.B 该空格前为动词不定式的标志词to, 空格后为名词短语any bad reactions, 因此空格处应选及物动词原形。原句意为“这样可能______输血所带来的不良反应”。此处的“这样”(in this way)指的是上文提到的在医院血库里为患者精确匹配血液, 再结合常识可知, 匹配好血液就可能避免不良反应, 故选B avoid(避免)。
9.J 该空格前为形容词性物主代词your, 因此空格处应选名词。下文提到了欧洲人和美国印第安人的血型构成, 由此可知, 该段讲述的是血型和种族或地域韵关联, 再结合句意“你的血型和______之间有一种关联”和选项, J nationality(民族)最适合。
10.F 该空格前为形容词different, 因此空格处应选名词。上下文分别提到了在欧洲人和美国印第安人之中各种血型的比例, 由此可知, 此处的内容也应。与血型比例有关, 再结合句意“其他种族有不同的______”和选项, F percentages(比例)最适合。
解析： 暂无解析
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相似问题和答案

第1题：

– Is there anything serious, doctor? – ( ).

A、I'm going to have another check-up

B、The results of the blood test are wrong

C、No. Just stay in bed and drink more water

D、Yes. You can go home tomorrow


正确答案:C

第2题：

Passage Four

You have been badly injured in a car accident. It is necessary to give you a blood transfusion because you lost a great deal of blood in the accident. However, special care must be taken in selecting new blood for you. If the blood is too different from your own, the transfusion could kill you.

There are four basic types of blood; A, B, AB and O. A simple test can indicate a person's blood type. Everybody is born with one of these four types of blood. Blood type, like hair color and height, is inherited from parents.

Because of substances contained in each type, the four groups must be transfused carefully. Basically, A and B cannot be mixed. A and B cannot receive AB, but AB may receive A or B. O can give to any other group, hence it is often called the universal donor. For the opposite reason, AB sometimes called the universal recipient. However, because so many reactions can occur in transfusions, patients usually receive only' salt or plasma until their blood can be matched as exactly as possible in the blood bank of a hospital. In this way, it is possible to avoid any bad reactions to the transfusion.

There is a relationship between your blood type and your nationality. Among Europeans and people of European ancestry, about 42 percent have type A while 45 percent have type O. The rarest is type AB. Other races have different percentages. For example, some American Indian groups have nearly 100 percent type O.

48. A good title for this passage is______.

A. Getting Blood and Plasma

B. Special Blood and Colors

C. Human Blood Types

D. The Blood Bank of a Hospital


正确答案：C
本文讲的就是人的血型。

第3题：

What may happen when a patient takes blood transfusion? ()

A. breathless

B. feel flushed

C. feel itchy

D. have chills


参考答案：ABCD

第4题：

共用题干
第二篇

Diabetes（糖尿病）and Eye Damage

Over 2 million Canadians have diabetes.It is the leading cause of blindness in North
Americans under 65 years of age.Diabetes is a condition where the body either cannot
produce enough insulin（胰岛素）or cannot respond properly to insulin. Insulin is important
because it moves glucose（葡萄糖）,a simple sugar, into the body's cells from the blood.
The food people eat provides the body with glucose,which is used by the cells as a source
of energy.If insulin isn't available or doesn't work correctly to move glucose from the blood
into the cells,glucose will stay in the blood,leading to high blood sugar levels.
High blood sugar levels damage the blood vessels,including the tiny blood vessels in
the eye．This leads to an eye disease known as diabetic retinopathy（糖尿病型视网膜病）.
The retina（视网膜）is an area at the back of the eye that changes light into nerve signals.
With diabetic retinopathy,some blood vessels in the retina are lost,and some of the other
blood vessels begin to"leak"blood.This causes the retina to swell,and gradually cuts off
its supply of oxygen and nutrients（滋养物）.Eventually , the retina starts to grow new
blood vessels to replace the damaged ones.Unfortunately,these new vessels are not as
strong as the old ones.They are more likely to break,causing bleeding in the eye.
At first,people with diabetic retinopathy will not notice any symptoms.As the disease
gets worse , they may notice blurred（模糊的）vision, black spots or flashing lights. As
time goes on,it can progress to blindness.Everyone with diabetes is at risk for diabetic
retinopathy,and the risk increases the longer you've had diabetes.
Fortunately,you can reduce your risk.If you do not have diabetes,but think you may
be at risk for this condition,visit your doctor to be screened for diabetes.If you do have
diabetes:
Have frequent eye check-ups.
Make sure that you monitor your blood sugar frequently and use your medications as
recommended by your doctor. There is evidence to show that keeping your blood sugar
under tight control can slow down eye damage.
If you have high blood pressure,follow your recommended diet and medications to
keep it under control.If you are not sure whether you have high blood pressure,or whether
your blood pressure is under control,discuss this with your doctor.

The word"its"in the second paragraph refers to
A: the nerve's.
B:the blood's.
C:the eye's.
D: the retina's,

答案：D
解析：

第5题：

If you came into contact with nitrobenzene while disconnecting the cargo hose, you should be aware that it is ______.

A.highly toxic when absorbed through the skin

B.a blood poison

C.a nerve poison

D.All of the above


正确答案：D
当你断开货物软管时，你与硝基苯接触过，你应该明白这是剧毒，通过皮肤吸收、血液毒性、神经毒性。

第6题：

You have been badly injured in a car accident. It is necessary to give you a blood transfusion because you lost a great deal of blood in the accident. However, special care must be taken in selecting new blood for you. If the blood is too different from your own, the transfusion could kill you. There are four basic types of blood: A, B, AB, and O. A simple test can indicate a person's blood type, which, like hair color and height, is inherited from parents. Because of substances contained in each type, the four groups must be transfused carefully. Basically, A and B cannot be mixed. A and B cannot receive AB, but AB may receive A or B. O can give to any other group; hence, it is often called the universal donor. For the opposite reason, AB is sometimes called the universal recipient. However, because so many reactions can occur in transfusions, patients usually receive only salt or plasma (liquid) until their

1、A good title for this passage is ________.

A、Getting Blood and Plasma

B、Special Blood Types

C、Human Blood Types

D、The Blood Bank of a Hospital

2、The word "hence" in line 10 means _________

A、always

B、 often

C、 therefore

D、 seldom

3、In a blood transfusion, it is easiest to find the acceptable type of blood for a person with the blood type of ________

A、A

B、 B

C、 AB

D、 O

4、The purpose of using salt and plasma before a blood transfusion is to allow time ______.

A、to test the reactions to the transfusion

B、for matching the blood to be transfused with the patient's blood

C、 for the blood to be delivered from the blood bank

D、 to select a new type of blood for the patient

5、Most Europeans have blood type _________

A、A

B、B

C、O

D、A or O


正确答案：1C 2C 3C 4B 5C

第7题：

If you need a transfusion, the best and safest blood for you is______.

A. type AB

B. exactly the same type as yours

C. a mixture of salt, plasma and type O

D. type A


正确答案：B
 参见第二段。

第8题：

When observe , you use a part of your body as the tool. ()

A. temperature

B. pulse

C. blood pressure

D. respiration


参考答案：BD

第9题：

共用题干
第二篇

Diabetes（糖尿病）and Eye Damage

Over 2 million Canadians have diabetes.It is the leading cause of blindness in North
Americans under 65 years of age.Diabetes is a condition where the body either cannot
produce enough insulin（胰岛素）or cannot respond properly to insulin. Insulin is important
because it moves glucose（葡萄糖）,a simple sugar, into the body's cells from the blood.
The food people eat provides the body with glucose,which is used by the cells as a source
of energy.If insulin isn't available or doesn't work correctly to move glucose from the blood
into the cells,glucose will stay in the blood,leading to high blood sugar levels.
High blood sugar levels damage the blood vessels,including the tiny blood vessels in
the eye．This leads to an eye disease known as diabetic retinopathy（糖尿病型视网膜病）.
The retina（视网膜）is an area at the back of the eye that changes light into nerve signals.
With diabetic retinopathy,some blood vessels in the retina are lost,and some of the other
blood vessels begin to"leak"blood.This causes the retina to swell,and gradually cuts off
its supply of oxygen and nutrients（滋养物）.Eventually , the retina starts to grow new
blood vessels to replace the damaged ones.Unfortunately,these new vessels are not as
strong as the old ones.They are more likely to break,causing bleeding in the eye.
At first,people with diabetic retinopathy will not notice any symptoms.As the disease
gets worse , they may notice blurred（模糊的）vision, black spots or flashing lights. As
time goes on,it can progress to blindness.Everyone with diabetes is at risk for diabetic
retinopathy,and the risk increases the longer you've had diabetes.
Fortunately,you can reduce your risk.If you do not have diabetes,but think you may
be at risk for this condition,visit your doctor to be screened for diabetes.If you do have
diabetes:
Have frequent eye check-ups.
Make sure that you monitor your blood sugar frequently and use your medications as
recommended by your doctor. There is evidence to show that keeping your blood sugar
under tight control can slow down eye damage.
If you have high blood pressure,follow your recommended diet and medications to
keep it under control.If you are not sure whether you have high blood pressure,or whether
your blood pressure is under control,discuss this with your doctor.

With diabetic retinopathy,the damaged blood vessels in the retina
A:are stronger than what they used to be.
B: cannot be properly replaced.
C:are more likely to break than the new ones.
D: may return to normal again.

答案：B
解析：

第10题：

共用题干
第二篇

Diabetes（糖尿病）and Eye Damage

Over 2 million Canadians have diabetes.It is the leading cause of blindness in North
Americans under 65 years of age.Diabetes is a condition where the body either cannot
produce enough insulin（胰岛素）or cannot respond properly to insulin. Insulin is important
because it moves glucose（葡萄糖）,a simple sugar, into the body's cells from the blood.
The food people eat provides the body with glucose,which is used by the cells as a source
of energy.If insulin isn't available or doesn't work correctly to move glucose from the blood
into the cells,glucose will stay in the blood,leading to high blood sugar levels.
High blood sugar levels damage the blood vessels,including the tiny blood vessels in
the eye．This leads to an eye disease known as diabetic retinopathy（糖尿病型视网膜病）.
The retina（视网膜）is an area at the back of the eye that changes light into nerve signals.
With diabetic retinopathy,some blood vessels in the retina are lost,and some of the other
blood vessels begin to"leak"blood.This causes the retina to swell,and gradually cuts off
its supply of oxygen and nutrients（滋养物）.Eventually , the retina starts to grow new
blood vessels to replace the damaged ones.Unfortunately,these new vessels are not as
strong as the old ones.They are more likely to break,causing bleeding in the eye.
At first,people with diabetic retinopathy will not notice any symptoms.As the disease
gets worse , they may notice blurred（模糊的）vision, black spots or flashing lights. As
time goes on,it can progress to blindness.Everyone with diabetes is at risk for diabetic
retinopathy,and the risk increases the longer you've had diabetes.
Fortunately,you can reduce your risk.If you do not have diabetes,but think you may
be at risk for this condition,visit your doctor to be screened for diabetes.If you do have
diabetes:
Have frequent eye check-ups.
Make sure that you monitor your blood sugar frequently and use your medications as
recommended by your doctor. There is evidence to show that keeping your blood sugar
under tight control can slow down eye damage.
If you have high blood pressure,follow your recommended diet and medications to
keep it under control.If you are not sure whether you have high blood pressure,or whether
your blood pressure is under control,discuss this with your doctor.

The worst eye damage induced by diabetes is
A:blurred vision.
B: black spots,
C: blindness.
D: flashing lights.

答案：C
解析：

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