多选题A user opens a webpage that requires the transmission of packets from the Web server to the client's browser. The packets transmitted from the Web server to the client exceed the smallest MTU value on the communications path. Which two protocol functio

The File Transfer Protocol (FTP) is a standard network protocol used for the transfer of computer files between a client and server on a computer network.FTP is built on a client-server model architecture using separate control and data connections between the client and the server. FTP users may authenticate themselves with a clear-text sign-in protocol, normally in the form of a username and password, but can connect anonymously if the server is configured to allow it. For secure transmission that protects the username and password, and encrypts the content, FTP is often secured with SSL/TLS (FTPS) or replaced with SSH File Transfer Protocol (SFTP).The first FTP client applications were command-line programs developed before operating systems had graphical user interfaces, and are still shipped with most Windows, Unix, and Linux operating systems. Many FTP clients and automation utilities have since been developed for desktops, servers, mobile devices, and hardware, and FTP has been incorporated into productivity applications, such as HTML editors.FTP may run in active or passive mode, which determines how the data connection is established. In both cases, the client creates a TCP control connection from a random, usually an unprivileged, port N to the FTP server command port 21.In active mode, the client starts listening for incoming data connections from the server on port M. It sends the FTP command PORT M to inform the server on which port it is listening. The server then initiates a data channel to the client from its port 20, the FTP server data port.In situations where the client is behind a firewall and unable to accept incoming TCP connections, passive mode may be used. In this mode, the client uses the control connection to send a PASV command to the server and then receives a server IP address and server port number from the server, which the client then uses to open a data connection from an arbitrary client port to the server IP address and server port number received.Both modes were updated in September 1998 to support IPv6. Further changes were introduced to the passive mode at that time, updating it to extended passive mode.

Web的应用层协议是超文本传输协议，是web核心。HTTP在两类程序（客户端程序、服务器端程序）中执行。客户端程序、服务器端程序在不同的终端系统中执行，通过交换HTTP消息来进行交互。HTTP定义了Web客户端如何从服务器端请求Web页面以及服务器端如何传送Web页面到服务器。当用户请求一个web页面，浏览器发送页面对象的http请求给服务器。服务器接收请求并用包含对象的http消息进行响应。

Web的应用层协议是超文本传输协议，是web核心。HTTP在两类程序（客户端程序、服务器端程序）中执行。客户端程序、服务器端程序在不同的终端系统中执行，通过交换HTTP消息来进行交互。HTTP定义了Web客户端如何从服务器端请求Web页面以及服务器端如何传送Web页面到服务器。当用户请求一个web页面，浏览器发送页面对象的http请求给服务器。服务器接收请求并用包含对象的http消息进行响应。

The File Transfer Protocol (FTP) is a standard network protocol used for the transfer of computer files between a client and server on a computer network.FTP is built on a client-server model architecture using separate control and data connections between the client and the server. FTP users may authenticate themselves with a clear-text sign-in protocol, normally in the form of a username and password, but can connect anonymously if the server is configured to allow it. For secure transmission that protects the username and password, and encrypts the content, FTP is often secured with SSL/TLS (FTPS) or replaced with SSH File Transfer Protocol (SFTP).The first FTP client applications were command-line programs developed before operating systems had graphical user interfaces, and are still shipped with most Windows, Unix, and Linux operating systems. Many FTP clients and automation utilities have since been developed for desktops, servers, mobile devices, and hardware, and FTP has been incorporated into productivity applications, such as HTML editors.FTP may run in active or passive mode, which determines how the data connection is established. In both cases, the client creates a TCP control connection from a random, usually an unprivileged, port N to the FTP server command port 21.In active mode, the client starts listening for incoming data connections from the server on port M. It sends the FTP command PORT M to inform the server on which port it is listening. The server then initiates a data channel to the client from its port 20, the FTP server data port.In situations where the client is behind a firewall and unable to accept incoming TCP connections, passive mode may be used. In this mode, the client uses the control connection to send a PASV command to the server and then receives a server IP address and server port number from the server, which the client then uses to open a data connection from an arbitrary client port to the server IP address and server port number received.Both modes were updated in September 1998 to support IPv6. Further changes were introduced to the passive mode at that time, updating it to extended passive mode.

Web的应用层协议是超文本传输协议，是web核心。HTTP在两类程序（客户端程序、服务器端程序）中执行。客户端程序、服务器端程序在不同的终端系统中执行，通过交换HTTP消息来进行交互。HTTP定义了Web客户端如何从服务器端请求Web页面以及服务器端如何传送Web页面到服务器。当用户请求一个web页面，浏览器发送页面对象的http请求给服务器。服务器接收请求并用包含对象的http消息进行响应。