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2154国开（电大）2020年7月《英语语法》期末试题及答案
The "control points" in the work breakdown structure used for isolated assignments to work centers are referred to as:
A.Work packages.
B.Subtasks.
C.Tasks.
D.Code of accounts.
E.Integration points.
C
Part B
52. Directions:
Write an essay of 160-200 words based on the following drawing. In your essay, you should first describe the drawing, then interpret its meaning, and give your comment on it.
You should write neatly on ANSWER SHEET 2. (20 points)
参考范文
A Helpless Father
The picture ironically shows that a pitiable old man in rags is being helplessly kicked off by his three sons and a daughter, who all wear decent clothes. The father’s negligent children are all guarding their home gates lest their old father “roll into” their households. In other words, they four ignore their moral sense of assuming the responsibility for their old father even though they may be all living a satisfying life. That is a painful scene we often encounter in our daily life.
Sad to say, the moral decline of the younger generations may be a rather explosive situation in our modern society. People definitely have their living conditions improved by wider and wider margins, as evidenced by the four children’s decent dressing, but their moral sense still remains sadly unchanged or in some cases becomes dramatically downgrading. Most people might have become too much self-centered, and even worse, they discard the tradition of giving respect to the elderly. They no longer care for their elders, let alone their neighbors or the disadvantaged; instead they try every means to avoid responsibility for other citizens. When one cares for others, one might even appear stupid or may even be distrusted.
Therefore, we have to take some useful measures to avoid the scene that is mentioned above. We must launch a variety of campaigns about the return to the good tradition of giving help and love the elderly. Moreover, we must appeal to our government to establish some relevant laws to punish those who avoid their duties. The last but not the least, our respect for age is an indication of the progress of human society, as imperatives of traditions require. We sincerely wish that the old man could be welcome to any of the four households, elegantly dressed, and a smile on the face.
The underlined words “tipping points” most probably refer to
A. freezing points B. burning points C. melting points D. boiling points
Now more people are buying lottery tickets. Study the following charts carefully and write an article on the topic of lottery. In your article, you should cover the following points: 1) describe the phenomenon; 2) analyze the phenomenon, and give your comments on it. You should write about 200 words neatly on ANSWER SHEET 2. (20 points)
二、 参考范文
Nowadays, more and more people, especially in big cities, become interested in buying lottery tickets. According to chart 1, averagely 70 percent of those polled in the survey, held in three big cities, claimed to have dreamed of winning the big prize of five-million yuan. 85 percent of those polled in Guangzhou had had such a dream, compared with 65 percent and 60 percent, respectively, in Beijing and Shanghai.
The attraction of buying lottery tickets is obvious. The winner can get the biggest profit for the future with only a small investment. It realizes the beautiful dream of every participant-to be richer and to improve living standards. As is shown in Chart 2, should they win a big lottery, 81.3% of people would buy a new house, 61.9% would buy a car, and 61.7% would save the money for the education of themselves or their kids. And a great proportion of people say they would put the money in the bank or use it for investment or touring. Despite all the attractions brought by the lottery buying, it has also come under criticism. Some regard it as a kind of gambling, which is a potentially addictive behaviour.
In my opinion, buying lottery tickets is not so bad as some people think. Instead, it is good for society by creating new jobs and representing an important source of income for charity and sports causes. Of course, it is not a means of making money for individuals we should encourage, because the result is hardly predictable. Therefore, we should take a positive but cautious attitude towards lottery buying behavior.
Part B
52. Directions:
Write an essay of 160-200 words based on the following drawing. In your essay, you should
1) describe the drawing briefly,
2) explain its intended meaning, and then
3) give your comments.
You should write neatly on ANSWER SHEET 2. (20 points)
大作文范文
As is illustrated in the picture, the two disabled persons whose crippled legs are bound together do a lot of traveling. Accordingly, this far-reaching picture reflects a common phenomenon in today’s society: the people who are in the dark want to turn the corner but they can not make it respectively and in turn they have to choose to pull together in times of trouble.
There are several reasons accounting for this. Since we have to live in an on-the-move lifestyle, we may encounter various plights, where we would be at a loss rather than to seek for others’ assistance. Further more, if we do not offer help to each other when we confront dilemma, we would not realize our dream. And no issue in China is as basic to build up the society in harmony as to conduct coordination in face of disasters.
Judging from what have been argued above, people have come to realize the value of mutual aid. It is, therefore, necessary that some effective steps be made to advocate spirit of supporting each other. To begin with, the government should make laws to encourage people to unite. In addition, people should enhance the awareness of caring each other especially when they are in trouble. Only in those ways, can we make people, even not being acquaintance, help each other.
试卷代号：2154国家开放大学2020年春季学期期末统一考试英语语法试题2020年7月,考前须知一、将你的学号、姓名及分校（工作站）名称填写在答题纸的规定栏 内。考试结束后，把试卷和答题纸放在桌上。试卷和答题纸均不得带 出考场。二、仔细阅读题目的说明，并按题目要求答题。答案一定要写在答 题纸指定的位置上，写在试卷上的答案无效。三、用蓝、黑圆珠笔或钢笔答题，使用铅笔答题无效。Information for the ExamineesThis examination consists of five parts. These are： Grammar in Reading (20 points)： Grammar in Reading (20 points)(20 points)Part HI ： ClozePart N ： Error Correction (20 points)Part V ： Grammar in Writing (20 points)The total marks for this examination are 100 points.Time allowed for completing this examination is 90 minutes.Part I Grammar in ReadingQuestions 1 10 are based on Part I.Directions： In the following text, the numbers 1-10 in brackets refer to the underlined parts of the text that come after them, and to the questions below. Read the text first, and then answer the questions. Write your answers on the Answer Sheet.A letterDear Amy,We (1) finally went on the trip to the Middle East that I told you about! Daphne and the Lees came along. We travelled first by plane to Cairo and then (2) by bus to the sites.Egypt is as fantastic as the brochures say! We saw the Pyramids, of course. There was a renovation job (3) going on around the Sphinx, so we had to choose the best angle carefully to take pictures. We spent some time just walking around despite the heat, (4) enjoying the feeling of being there.In the afternoon, we took a boat tour on the Nile, and we had dinner on (5) the boat. It was a delicious meal. I tried vegetables and beans (6) cooked in different ways, with ingredients (7) that I couldnt recognise but (8) that tasted like the best things (9) Ive tried in my life!I cant wait to show you the pictures (10) that we took!MarkCan you replace this by final?Can you replace this by on?Can you use the word go here?Can you replace this by enjoyed?Can you use the word a here?Can you replace this by cooking?Can you replace this by which?Can you leave out the word that here?Can you replace this by I tried?What does that refer to in this sentence?Part J Grammar in ReadingQuestions 1115 are based on Part 口 .Directions： In the following text, the numbers 11-15 in brackets refer to the underlined parts of the text that come after them, and to the questions below. Read the text first, and then answer the questions. Write your answers on the Answer Sheet.Human beings have used computers for much longer than we think. If we take the word computer to mean an object that helps you compute sums, then data technology has been around for several thousand years. Some sources say the Babylonians were the first to use a device similar to the abacus, for arithmetic calculations.More interestingly, (12) the first computers were not machines. They were、 people, mostly women. (13) Computer was a name for a job, like baker, teacher or advisor During the first half of the 20th century, many women with training in mathematics were employed as computers. ( 14) They worked at observatories, computing data about starlight. They also computed data for the、 military, for example, about uses of artillery, or devising statistical techniques to crack secret codes. (15) Several of these women went oo to design the software for the first electronic computers that we are now familiar with.Change this sentence from active voice into passive voice.Rewrite thi
Part B
Directions:
Read the following saying and write an essay in which you should
1) interpret the saying,
2) give your comments onthe saying, and
3) write a title for your essay.
A woman’s career, particularly if it is successful, is often blamed for the break-up of a marriage, but never a man’s.
You should writ 160—200 words neatly on ANSWER SHEET 2. (20 points)
参考范文
A self-evident prejudice is made clear by the given saying that a woman’s career, particularly if it is successful, is often blamed for the break-up of a marriage, but never a man’s. Those who support the saying attribute the break-up of a marriage to the successful career of the wife. In their eyes, a successful woman devoted to her career will certainly neglect her duties to her husband, her children and thus results in the break-up of the family. This accusation is unfair and absolutely unacceptable.
The prejudice lies in the fact that it has been branded in our mind that women should be inferior to men and they should be at home to foster children and to support their husband. In fact, women should be entitled the rights to have their own careers. They have the rights to get the satisfaction from work besides that from their families. This accusation ignores the fact that the responsibilities for break-up of a marriage should be taken by both parties instead of one. Cleary, to blame a carrer woman for the break-up of a marriage is groundless.
As a conclusion, what has been traditionally taken for granted in our mind should be replaced by more rational ideas. From now on, it should be prescribed in our mind as law of various nations that everyone is born equal and they should be on equal terms.
V．Word Form (10 points, 1 point for each item)
将括号中的各词变为适当的形式填入空白。答案写在答题纸上。
56．I would play football with you if I＿20 years younger. (be)
56．I would play football with you if I were 20 years younger. (be)虚拟语气
(ii) the strategy of the business regarding its treasury policies. (3 marks)
(Marks will be awarded in part (b) for the identification and discussion of relevant points and for the style. of the
report.)
(ii) Strategy of the business regarding its treasury policies
Treasury policies are reviewed regularly by the Board. It is group policy to account for all financial instruments as cash
flow hedges. As a result, changes in the fair values of financial instruments are deferred in reserves to the extent the
hedge is effective and released to profit or loss in the time periods in which the hedged item impacts profit or loss.
The Group contracts fixed rate currency swaps and issues floating to fixed rate interest rate swaps to meet the objective
of protecting borrowing costs. The cash flow effects of the interest rate swaps match the cash flows on the underlying
instruments so that there is no net cash flow effect from movements in market interest rates. If the interest rate swaps
had not been transacted there could have been an increase in the annual net interest payable to the Group. The strategy
of the group is to minimise the exposure to interest rate fluctuations.
Part B
Directions:
Write an essay with the title “Reading Books in Printed Form. or on Computer” in which you should
1） analyze the strong points and weak points of each one, and
2） tell your own preference and your reasons.
You should write 160—200 words neatly on ANSWER SHEET 2.(20 points)
、参考范文
Reading Books in Printed Form. or on Computer
The popularization of computer has made it possible to read books on computer. With it, there is much discussion about whether e-books will replace traditional print-on-paper books.
Some people say they like only e-books, which are quicker and more convenient to get and use. To get a needed book, one has to spend much time or money in searching for or buying it in bookstores, but one can just type in the title, author or other related information of the book to find it in minutes on internet. Sometimes one can even read the full content of a digitized book free of charge or instantly discuss about a book in an online forum. Moreover, a lot of information of books can be stored in a small compact disc, which is easy to take.
Other people, however, think printed books are still necessary. In the first place, too much time in front of the computer can cause eyestrain or increase radiation risks. Second, a printed book can be read at your convenience. One can read in bed before sleep or during a boring journey, without fussing with a computer.
In sum, since e-books and printed books have their respective advantages and can complement each other, I would like to combine the two ways to meet different needs. For quick reference, a digitized book will probably be useful. To appreciate a poem or a novel, I prefer the traditional way of reading on printed books.
Part B
Directions:
In your essay, you should
1) describe the drawing briefly,
2) explain its intended meaning, and then
3) give your comments.
You should write neatly on ANSHWER SHEET 2. (20 points)
本题漫画中，一个大圈被分成若干格，每个格里都有一个人在上网。人们通过网络联系起来，形成一张如同蜘蛛网的错综复杂的关系网。再由题目《网络的“近”与“远”》，可以想到漫画含义涉及网络的两个方面，一方面，网络拉近了人们之间的距离，足不出户便可进行交流;但另一方面，由于人们越来越依赖网络，面对面交流的机会越来越少了。
围绕这一主题，根据提纲要求，本文结构设计如下：
根据提纲中的信息1) describe the drawing briefly 第一段对漫画进行简单描述;
根据提纲中的信息2) explain its intended meaning 第二段揭示漫画的含义，从正反两方面论述，一方面，网络为人们提供了便利的条件，使人们的交流更加便捷和迅速;另一方面，人们的现实交流越来越少了，感情似乎也疏远了。
根据提纲中的信息3) give your comments 第三段表明作者的看法，即网络使社会成员的联系更加紧密，但在一定程度上也疏远了人们之间的关系。
SAMPLE
The above picture gives a vivid description of a huge spider web which symbolizes Internet. There’s no doubt that Internet, an entirely new way of communication, is becoming so popular nowadays that it’s difficult to imagine modern life without it. It has revolutionized the way of people’s living and thinking, and has exerted a profound effect on our daily life.
Definitely, the symbolic meaning of the picture subtly conveyed should be taken into deep consideration. First of all, with the Internet, it is convenient and fast for people to have access to a variety of information and what they need to do is just to press key buttons. What’s more, the great utility of the Internet allow people within a company, across a nation or even around the world to work together. Finally, we can do almost everything via Internet. Specifically, we can conduct E-business, advertise our products, book an air ticket, buy and sell stocks, even hunt a new job through clicking the mouse. Nevertheless, it is a two-edged sword as well and has its own negative effects. Some people tend to spend hours on Internet for the sake of relaxation and develop addictions. As a result, the public have an emotional distance sometimes and thus few face-to-face communications in reality due to Internet addiction without self-restriction.
From what have been discussed above, it is clear that with a personal computer and modem, any individual can call up information about almost anything from almost anywhere and almost anytime on the web. All in all, Internet, an indispensable part in modern life, has the power to connect people and, yet, to some extent, alienate people in reality.